Name : _________________________

Date: _________________________

Combined Sciences (Chemistry): Chemical Formula

1. List of common ions

Cations
Name Symbol Charge
Aluminium atom Al 0
Sodium atom Na 0
Hydrogen ion H+ +1
Lithium ion Li+ +1
Sodium ion Na+ +1
Potassium ion K+ +1
Magnesium ion Mg2+ +2
Iron (II) ion Fe2+ +2
Iron (III) ion Fe3+ +3
Aluminium Ion Al3+ +3
Ammonium NH4+ +1
Anions
Name Symbol Charge
Chlorine atom Cl 0
Chlorine ion Cl- -1
Oxygen ion O2- -2
Hydroxide* OH- -1
Nitrate ion NO3- -1
Carbonate ion* CO32- -2
Sulphate ion* SO42- -2
Neutral compounds
Ammonia NH3 0

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2. How are chemical formulas devised?

A. Example on Sodium and Chlorine reaction forming Sodium Chloride

1) Forming the sodium ion

Ion formed: Na+

2) Forming the Chlorine ion

Ion formed: Cl-

3) Writing/devising the chemical formula

Na1+ Cl1-

Na1Cl1
(Metal) (Non-Metal)

Formula: NaCl

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 4) Forming the ionic bond (by transferring electrons)

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 Name : _________________________

Date: _________________________

Chemical Formula (Worksheet 1)

1) Magnesium chloride

Mg2+ Cl1-

(Metal) (Non-Metal)

Formula:

2) Potassium Fluoride

K1+ F1-

(Metal) (Non-Metal)
Formula:

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3) Sodium sulphate
Hint: treat sulphate as a single ion

Na1+ SO42-

(Metal) (Non-Metal)

Formula:

4) Magnesium Hydroxide

Mg2+ OH1-

(Metal) (Non-Metal)

Formula:

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5) Sodium Hydroxide

Na1+ OH1-

Formula:

6) Potassium Carbonate

K1+ CO32-

Formula:

7) Calcium Carbonate

Ca2+ CO32-

Formula:

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8) Aluminium Carbonate

Al3+ CO32-

Formula:

9) Lithium Sulphate

Li1+ SO42-

Formula:

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 Name : _________________________

Date: _________________________

Chemical Formula (Worksheet 2)

Practice: Find the chemical formula of the following reactions:

1) Sodium Hydroxide

Na1+ OH1-

Formula:

2) Iron(II) sulphate

Fe2+ SO42-

(Metal) (Non-Metal)

Simplify

Formula:

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3) Iron (III) Hydroxide

3+ 1-
Fe OH

Formula:

4) Magnesium Carbonate

2+ 2-
Mg CO3

Formula:

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5) Iron (III) ion and Carbonate ion

Fe3+ CO32-

Formula:

6) Ammonium Carbonate

Formula:

7) Ammonium hydroxide

Formula:

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 Name : _________________________

Date: _________________________

Combined Sciences (Chemistry): Chemical Equations

1) Translating from a Word equation to Chemical equation

2) State Symbols

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3) Balancing the Equation
Example 1: Unbalanced Chemical Equations

* Number of atoms on the left side is not equal to the number of atoms on the right side.

Example 2: Balanced Chemical Equations

* Number of atoms on the left side is equal to the number of atoms on the right side.

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 Name : _________________________

Date: _________________________

Chemical Equations (Worksheet 1)

Step 1: Calculate the number of

atoms for both sides of the equation.

N=2 N=1
H=2 H=3 Step 2: Focus on one element first
and balance the numbers between the
left and right side of the equation by

2 finding a common factor. E.g. For N,

2 and 1 has a common multiple of 2.
N=2 N=2 Make sure both sides have two Ns.
H=2 H=6

Step 3: Recalculate the number of

1 3 2 atoms for both sides of the equation.
Then repeat steps 2 and 3 till all
N=2 N=2
atoms are balanced.
H=6 H=6

K=1 K=1
Cl = 1 Cl = 1
O=3 O=2

K= K=
Cl = Cl =
O= O=

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 K= K=
Cl = Cl =
O= O=

Na = Na =

Cl = Cl =

F= F=

Na = Na =

Cl = Cl =

F= F=

Na = Na =

Cl = Cl =

F= F=

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 H= H=
O= O=

H= H=
O= O=

H= H=
O= O=

Pb = Pb =
O= O=
H= H=
Cl = Cl =

Pb = Pb =
O= O=
H= H=
Cl = Cl =

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 Pb = Pb =
O= O=
H= H=
Cl = Cl =

Al = Al =
Br = Br =
K= K=
S= S=
O= O=

Al = Al =
Br = Br =
K= K=
S= S=
O= O=

Al = Al =
Br = Br =
K= K=
S= S=
O= O=

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 Name : _________________________

Date: _________________________

Chemical Equations and Formula (Test)

1. Sodium chloride can be formed by adding sodium hydroxide into hydrochloric acid.
The word equation for the reaction above is shown below:

sodium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid à sodium chloride + water

(a) Write down the chemical formula for sodium hydroxide : __________________ [1]

(b) Complete the chemical equation for the reaction above.

____________ + HCl à ______________ + _______________ [2]

2. Sodium carbonate and Ammonium carbonates are examples that contain the carbonate ion.

(a) Write down the formula for the carbonate ion : __________________ [1]

(b) Write down the formula for the ammonium ion : __________________ [1]

(c) Write down the formula for

(i) sodium carbonate : __________________ [2]

(ii) Ammonium carbonate : __________________ [2]

3. Determine if the following chemical equations are balanced. If the equation is not balanced,
balance the chemical equation. If it is already balanced, fill the blanks with ‘1’.

(a) ____ Al2O3 + ____ HNO3 à ____ Al(NO3)3 + ____ H2O [3]

(b) ____ ZnCO3 + ____ H2SO4 à ____ ZnSO4 + ____ H2O + ____ CO2 [2]

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