Anime
Anime
anime, style of animation popular in Japanese films. Early anime films were
intended primarily for the Japanese market and, as such, employed many
cultural references unique to Japan. For example, the large eyes of anime
characters are commonly perceived in Japan as multifaceted “windows to the
soul.” Much of the genre is aimed at children, but anime films are sometimes
marked by adult themes and subject matter. Modern anime began in 1956 and
found lasting success in 1961 with the establishment of Mushi Productions by
Osamu Tezuka, a leading figure in modern manga, the dense, novelistic
Japanese comic book style that contributed greatly to the aesthetic of anime.
Anime such as Miyazaki Hayao’s Princess Mononoke (1997) are the modern
equivalent of the epic folk adventures once filmed by Japanese masters such
as Mizoguchi Kenji and Kurosawa Akira. At the turn of the 21st century, anime
began to attain wide international popularity with the Pokémon television
series and films such as Miyazaki’s Spirited Away (2002), winner of
an Academy Award for best animated feature film.