Modern Steel Construction
Modern Steel Construction
Modern Steel Construction
March 2021
in every issue
departments resources
6 EDITOR’S NOTE 65 ADVERTISER INDEX
9 STEEL INTERCHANGE 65 MARKETPLACE &
12 STEEL QUIZ EMPLOYMENT
62 NEW PRODUCTS
63 NEWS & EVENTS
66 STRUCTURALLY SOUND
40
features columns
conference preview steelwise
24 Super Fast, Super Tall
BY STEVEN R. WITKOWSKI, PE, AND DARREN R.
40 Thinking Inside the 16 Lasting Longer
(Big) Box BY JONATHAN STRATTON, KYLE SMITH, PE, SE,
HARTMAN, PE AND JASON B. LLOYD, PE, PHD
BY SHELLEY R. CLARK, SE, PE, AND
In a city known for the tallest buildings and TRAVIS P. CORIGLIANO, SE, PE A new series of AASHTO/NSBA documents
fastest pace of life in the country, a supertall Four insights for successfully will provide guidance on common repairs to
skyscraper opens early thanks to an innovative repurposing anchor big box stores. extend steel bridge service life.
steel connection design and modeling process.
field notes
30 Core Value 44 NASCC:
20 Raising the Bar
The Steel Conference
BY DEVIN HUBER, PE, PHD, AND AMIT VARMA, PHD INTERVIEW BY GEOFF WEISENBERGER
The first in a multi-part series on SpeedCore
2021 Exhibitor List Vicki O’Leary’s mission is to make the
AISC’s annual list of companies ironworking profession more equitable and
covers what influenced the system, how it
and organizations exhibiting safer, one heart and mind at a time.
was developed, relevant research, design and
(virtually, this year) at NASCC:
fabrication considerations, and the reason for
The Steel Conference. business issues
its name.
22 Effective Networking for
38 Century Club: Tarrier Steel
BY GEOFF WEISENBERGER
Introverted Engineers
BY JENNIFER ANDERSON
AISC is 100! And we’re featuring our longest Here are four techniques to successfully
continuously running member fabricators navigate networking.
throughout 2021.
ON THE COVER: One Vanderbilt reaches for the clouds from its high-profile base in Midtown Manhattan, p. 24. (Photo: SL Green/Max Touhey)
MODERN STEEL CONSTRUCTION (Volume 61, Number 3) ISSN (print) 0026-8445: ISSN (online) 1945-0737. Published monthly by the American Institute of Steel
Construction (AISC), 130 E Randolph Street, Suite 2000, Chicago, IL 60601. Subscriptions: Within the U.S.—single issues $6.00; 1 year, $44. Outside the U.S. (Canada and
Mexico)—single issues $9.00; 1 year $88. Periodicals postage paid at Chicago, IL and at additional mailing offices. Postmaster: Please send address changes to MODERN
STEEL CONSTRUCTION, 130 E Randolph Street, Suite 2000, Chicago, IL 60601.
DISCLAIMER: AISC does not approve, disapprove, or guarantee the validity or accuracy of any data, claim, or opinion appearing under a byline or obtained or quoted
Printed on paper made
from an acknowledged source. Opinions are those of the writers and AISC is not responsible for any statement made or opinions expressed in MODERN STEEL from a minimum of
CONSTRUCTION. All rights reserved. Materials may not be reproduced without written permission, except for noncommercial educational purposes where fewer than 25 10% recycled content.
photocopies are being reproduced. The AISC and Modern Steel logos are registered trademarks of AISC.
4 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
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editor’s note Editorial Offices
130 E Randolph St, Ste 2000
Chicago, IL 60601
312.670.2400
Editorial Contacts
EDITOR AND PUBLISHER
Scott Melnick
312.670.8314
[email protected]
SENIOR EDITOR
Geoff Weisenberger
312.670.8316
[email protected]
DIRECTOR OF PUBLICATIONS
Keith A. Grubb, SE, PE
312.670.8318
[email protected]
PRODUCTION SPECIALIST
What’s your story? Well for starters, if you’re reading this, I’m guessing Erika Salisbury
312.670.5427
you might just be a structural engineer—and if not, you’re almost certainly [email protected]
involved in steel design or construction in some capacity. Or perhaps you GRAPHIC DESIGN MANAGER
Kristin Hall
were just looking to jump out of your comfort zone? (If so, thanks! Tell your 312.670.8313
friends and neighbors about us.) [email protected]
AISC Officers
CHAIR
Full disclosure: I’m not a structural engi- became the head of a major Northeastern
Jack Klimp, Cianbro Fabrication
neer. Or a steel fabricator. Or an erector, or a fabrication company. And how two visionary & Coating Corporation
detailer, or an architect. architects developed an inspiring update to VICE CHAIR
But I have been Modern Steel’s senior edi- a New York icon, one that was impressive Stephen Knitter
tor for more than a decade, and I appreciate enough to win AISC’s Forge Prize Award Geiger & Peters, Inc.
buildings and bridges. Occasionally, Modern ( w w w. f o r g e p r i z e . c o m ) . A n d s e v e r a l SECRETARY/LEGAL COUNSEL
Edward Seglias, Cohen Seglias
Steel Editor Scott Melnick turns this space others. (You can find all of the podcasts at Pallas Greenhall & Furman, PC
over to a new voice. And since I like writing www.modernsteel.com.) PRESIDENT
and telling stories, it’s my turn. In this month’s issue, we’re telling the Charles J. Carter, SE, PE, PhD
I also like people. In my time with AISC story of how veteran ironworker Vicki O’Leary SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT
and Modern Steel, we’ve featured count- is changing the face of the profession and Scott Melnick
VICE PRESIDENT
less stories related to steel buildings and making it a safer, more equitable landscape
Carly Hurd
bridges—stunning designs, means and for all.
VICE PRESIDENT
methods for making steel projects easier Plenty of great stories will also be told by Lawrence F. Kruth, PE
and faster to create, in-depth looks at spe- the best minds in the steel industry at the VICE PRESIDENT
cific steel framing components, and behind- 2021 NASCC: The Virtual Steel Conference, Brian Raff
the-scenes tours of various processes and taking place April 12–16. Visit aisc.org/nascc VICE PRESIDENT
facilities along the steel supply chain. We’ve to register and take a gander at the more Mark W. Trimble, PE
recently made an effort to tell the stories of than 150 sessions on offer. (Oh, and you can Editorial Advisory Panel
Caroline R. Bennett, PE, PhD
the people who make steel projects better, also see a handful of preview articles—includ- University of Kansas
many of whom also make the industry, and ing our SteelWise and Business Issues col- Amanda Dean, PE
even the world, better. umns—and the exhibitor list in this issue.) Walter P Moore
And for the past year, we’ve been doing So again, what’s your story? A marquee Bryan Frazier,
Zalk Josephs Fabricators, LLC
just that via our Field Notes podcasts. We project held up by thousands of tons of
Keith R. Griesing, PE
told the story of how a longtime fabricator steel? A connection you designed that’s Hardesty and Hanover
became the longtime head judge of AISC’s so genius it borders on crazy? A eureka Stephen Knitter
Student Steel Bridge Competition (for more on methodology you developed that can be Geiger & Peters, Inc.
the competition, visit aisc.org/ssbc). And the implemented on multiple projects? Email me Advertising Sales
story of how two engineering students who ([email protected]) and let me know. M.J. Mrvica Associates, Inc.
2 W Taunton Avenue
met sitting next to each other in a class went Let us share it. Berlin, NJ 08009
on to found (forge?) a word-class castings 856.768.9360
[email protected]
company. And how the CEO of an HSS giant
is working to bring manufacturing jobs back Address Changes and
Geoff Weisenberger Subscription Concerns
to the U.S. And how a psychiatric nurse Senior Editor 312.670.2401
[email protected]
Reprints
Erika Salisbury
312.670.5427
[email protected]
6 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
WWW.INFRA-METALS.COM WWW.DELTASTEEL.COM
Full Member
All mentioned AISC codes and standards, unless noted otherwise, refer Global Warming Potential Difference
to the current version and are available at aisc.org/specifications. All
mentioned Engineering Journal articles are available at aisc.org/ej,
in an HSS Environmental Product
and AISC Design Guides are available at aisc.org/dg. Declaration (EPD)
Why is the global warming potential for hollow structural
sections (HSS) different in the AISC environmental product
Restraint Classifications declaration (EPD) than in the Steel Tube Institue’s (STI) EPD
Figure C-B3.3 in Commentary Section B3.4 of the AISC
if the AISC EPD was developed in conjunction with STI?
Specification for Structural Steel Buildings (ANSI/AISC 360)
shows the criteria for a simple shear connection, “PR”
The EPDs from both organizations were indeed developed
moment connection, and “FR” moment connection. But the
together. AISC’s adds the impacts from transport to fabricator
specifications do not state the source of “2EI/L” or “20EI/L.”
and final fabrication, whereas the Steel Tube Institue’s EPD
Can you provide some references regarding this?
scope ends at the HSS manufacturer. You can view AISC’s HSS
EPD at aisc.org/why-steel/resources/leed-v4, and STI’s at
steeltubeinstitute.org/resources/leed-epd.
Max Puchtel, SE
10 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
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Fit Faster.
steel quiz
Weld Faster.
ANSWERS
Keep it Simple.
1 c. Hydraulic metal structures.
2 False. Section 1.5.2 states that the
quality management system must
address both quality control and
quality assurance as defined in the
glossary.
ROBOTIC WELDING 3 True. Section 1.7.1 includes com-
monly used shop abbreviations
in the list of items that shall be
WELD
described in the fabricator’s or
manufacturer’s methods of drawing
layout.
4 False. Section 1.9.1 simply states
that a documented procedure for
the maintenance of quality records
shall define the retention policy and
provisions for the disposition of the
records at the end of the retention
period.
5 False. The design of both standard
and nonstandard components must
be reviewed and sealed by a reg-
istered design professional. These
.
in North America
requirements are discussed further
on base
Largest installati
in Sections 3.7.9 and 3.7.10.
6 False. The fabricator would be
classified as an “Inter mediate
Bridge Fabricator.” The Com-
mentary to Section 4.2 provides
FITTING ASSISTANT examples of intermediate bridges,
the parameters of which are satis-
fied by the bridge described in the
question statement.
7 True. This is required per Section
4F.12.1(a).
LAYOUT MASTER
8 True. This is required in Section
6.5.4.1.
9 True. This is required in Section
6.F.12.1, except that all instances
of the word “bridge” shall be
replaced with “hydraulic structure,”
and the first sentence of the Cer-
tification and Qualification section
ng Tap e!
Lose the Measuri
shall be omitted.
14 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
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steelwise
LASTING A new series of AASHTO/NSBA documents
LONGER will provide guidance on common repairs
BY JONATHAN STRATTON, to extend steel bridge service life.
KYLE SMITH, PE, SE, AND
JASON B. LLOYD, PE, PhD
16 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
steelwise
G14.1
Here’s an abridged example of one mainte- Web Plate
nance action in the proposed G14.1 for fatigue
cracking at a cover plate termination detail.
A slip-critical bolted splice is a reliable Crack Arrest Hole
retrofit that can be installed at a cover plate
detail. As seen in Figure 1, an existing fatigue
crack has propagated into the web plate. A Crack
web and flange splice is recommended, suf-
ficiently designed to carry the full moment
of the girder at that location. It would also
be highly recommended to drill a hole at the
Cover Plate Fill Plate
crack tip(s) to arrest the crack, as research
has shown that a bolted splice installed after Splice Plate
fatigue cracking has initiated may not prevent
subsequent crack growth. Adding a 2-in- to
4-in.-diameter drilled hole in the web directly Fig. 1. A crack-arrest hole preventing a crack from propagating into the web plate.
above (or below in cases where the cover plate
is on a top flange) the cover plate weld toe Web Plate
could also be done to ensure that any future
crack growth cannot extend into the web plate.
Figure 1 shows a fatigue crack that has grown
through the thickness of the flange plate and
is arrested in the drilled hole. Figure 2 renders Fill Plate Splice Plate Cover Plate
what a typical fully bolted flange splice over
the cover plate termination might look like.
Flange Plat
G14.2 e
The second document, G14.2, will add to
a broad spectrum of repairs and retrofits—
including damage from vehicle impact, over-
loading, and section loss—while also provid-
Splice Plate
ing guidance for unique component-specific
repairs such as bearings and truss members. Fig. 2. A detail of a full-flange splice at a cover plate.
Damage can vary widely in type and scope,
and defining an efficient plan to remediate the
damage can be challenging. G14.2 will offer
guidance to engineers for repair alternatives
that have been successfully implemented. For
example, Figure 3 shows the aftermath of an
over-height vehicle that struck a through-truss,
damaging several members. The portal strut
reflects initial contact, and severe deformation
of the second and third struts was caused by
the front end of the garbage truck being lifted
while the rear end was snagged by the first
strut. In some cases, member replacement is
the only option (as was the case for this bridge).
However, heat straightening or mechanical
straightening techniques can sometimes be
implemented to quickly and safely restore
a member to its original geometry without
compromising strength and durability. G14.2
will provide the guidance to help owners and
designers when faced with a similar scenario. Fig. 3. Impact damage to through-truss struts by an over-height vehicle.
Fig. 4. A typical beam-end corrosion-damage repair detail. it can be challenging to find matching
historic steel shapes in older bridges. If a
specific rolled section is required, then
Another relatively common repair per- girder end repair that will be discussed in the designer must ensure that it is actively
formed by owners is girder-end repair. Sec- the proposed G14.2 document. being rolled and is commercially available.
tion loss at girder ends is a challenge faced There are several considerations for If the existing member is a plate girder and
by every bridge owner and is often caused making this type of repair. G14.2 will time is of the essence for project success,
by leaking joints that allow deicing salts to offer guidance for engineers that will help then providing a range of acceptable plate
flow over the steel girder ends. Effective identify important considerations for each thicknesses will support timely production.
bridge maintenance programs can help repair. For example, flexibility in mate- Other considerations include defining the
mitigate corrosion and can also be key to rial selection could be an important con- extent of shop and field coating, where and
reducing damage by providing early reme- sideration for a beam-end repair, as both by which party the weld edge preparation
diation of compromised coatings. Figure 4 the fabricator and erector are directly is to be performed, and assuring accessibil-
is an example of a common detail used for impacted when options are limited—and ity for all field tasks, including nondestruc-
tive evaluation (NDE).
G14.3
The third target document, G14.3, will
be more graphical in nature than G14.1
and G14.2, effectively becoming an evolv-
ing catalog of repair and retrofit details
that have been used by engineers through-
out the country. The intent is to comple-
ment the text and details of G14.2 with
supplemental drawings and details, some
procedural insight, and commentary on
a relative-cost basis, effectiveness, ease of
performance, and considerations to be
made when selecting the defined repair.
Steel bridge superstructures lend them-
selves well to repair and retrofit methods.
The repairs mentioned are just a small sam-
ple of what the G14 documents are built
around, a compilation of best practices aug-
mented with commentary on effectiveness
and design considerations. The result will
be a powerful resource for the various stake-
holders charged with extending the service
lives of the country’s steel bridges. ■
18 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
field notes
Vicki O’Leary’s mission is to make the
RAISING ironworking profession more equitable and safer,
THE BAR one heart and mind at a time.
INTERVIEW BY
GEOFF WEISENBERGER
Field Notes is VICKI O’LEARY, a member of Iron Workers Local #1 in Chicago, was born into an
Modern Steel ironworking family and got into the profession herself based on a bet with her brother.
Construction’s And while she’s raised a lot of steel in her more than thirty years as an ironworker, more
podcast series, recently she has raised the bar for ironworkers everywhere as director of diversity for
where we interview Ironworkers International. In this month’s Field Notes podcast, she discusses how she
people from all got into the profession, the Be That One Guy anti-bullying program, and the evolution
corners of the structural steel industry of paid maternity for ironworkers.
with interesting stories to tell. Listen in
at modernsteel.com/podcasts. I understand you’ve been in Chicago for a while. Are you from here?
I was actually born in Paradise, Calif. When I was six weeks old, we moved to
Chicago, and from there we ended up moving to Kenosha, Wis., and then back to
Chicago. And my parents are from Arkansas, so we moved there for a while—and then,
again, back in Chicago.
Sounds like you keep getting drawn back here! I understand you had a triple
major in college and also have a master’s degree. What did you study?
I knew that I wanted to move forward in my career, and I figured that I had to bring
as much to the table as possible to stand out. So I went to National Labor College [in
Maryland] and got my degrees in union leadership and administration, labor studies,
and labor education. Then I went on to Gonzaga University and got my master’s degree
Geoff Weisenberger in organizational leadership. And then I also graduated from the Harvard Trade Union
([email protected]) is senior Program as well as Cornell’s National Labor Leadership initiative. I think I’ve run the
editor of Modern Steel Construction. gamut of education!
20 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
field notes
Let’s go back a bit further. How did you get into the iron- were ever afraid on the job site outside of the inherent dangers
working trade? of the work they do, and all of them said yes. There are a lot of
I got into the ironworkers on a bet between me and my brother. great women ironworkers that have left the industry, not because
The four of us were at the dinner table—my mom, my dad, my they weren’t good at it or because the work itself was too difficult
brother, and myself—and my brother, an ironworker, bet me that but because of the way they were treated. They were fine with
I couldn’t do it. So basically, it was game on. My brother and I working hard up high and in small spaces, but they weren’t okay
have always been very competitive, and he’s three years older than with the disrespect and abuse from others. So we developed the Be
me. We were raised to believe that occupations don’t have gender That One Guy program because we recognized that harassment,
limitations, so with that, I was going to prove him wrong. And it intimidation, and other kinds of bullying on the job can make for
ended up being my career. I even did better than my brother on a hostile work environment. And we recognize that it’s not just a
the apprenticeship test. I started working as an ironworker when I treatment issue but also a safety hazard. Our approach to develop-
was 20 and didn’t go back to school until I was in my 40s. ing the program included the same methods as our safety program
training and empowering everyone to address on-the-job harass-
Can you tell me a little bit about your first experience up on ment. Not everyone addresses it in the same manner, and we’re
the iron? trying to teach people that that’s okay. Even if it’s just deflecting
There’s usually a long gap between taking your tests to get into from a situation to get the person that’s being harassed or bullied
a trade and actually starting the trade. After taking my apprentice- out of that situation, that’s fine because not everybody is an in-
ship test, I was working at a law firm as a legal secretary and I got a your-face kind of person to say, “Knock it off.”
call at work, and they said they wanted me to go to work the next
day at McCormick Place in Chicago; this was the expansion in Can you talk a bit about how you’ve influenced Ironworkers
1985. And during that first experience being up on the iron, I was International’s maternity policy?
exhilarated, I was nervous, I was anxious. I was extremely proud of There’s a tragic story about a woman ironworker losing her
myself, and I remember watching the connectors and it was like unborn child while working because as a single mom, she had no
watching a well-orchestrated ballet. They seemed to be so in sync choice but to go to work if she wanted to provide for her family. So
with each other. It was also pretty cool that I was in that first group from that story, the question was posed to our general president,
of women that started in Local #1. I’m thankful that on that job, I Eric Dean, that if we can implement an on-the-job injury program
saw examples of what workers should be like on a site—unfortu- to assist ironworkers, why not also have a maternity program that
nately, it’s not always like that—but they were actually pretty cool provides similar assistance to our female members. The end result
to us as the first group of women coming through. was our paid maternity leave program. It’s funded through cur-
Another early job was on a 40-story building in the heart of rently established contributions with no additional cost for either
the financial district in Chicago. This is where I learned firsthand the contractor or the member, and the program brings relief to
about the perception of people who work in construction from our pregnant members by providing financial support that can
people who wear suits—I used to be that person wearing a suit in help families redeem their health insurance. It ensures the safety
a law firm on Michigan Avenue—as a construction worker trying of both the mother and her baby during pregnancy and allows
to go to a restaurant for lunch or trying to find a restroom. It was members to fully recover from delivery prior to returning to work.
funny because I was making more money than I ever had in my The program relieves contractors from possible liability by allow-
life. I had more money in my pocket than when I worked at the law ing ironworkers to be open about their pregnancies without fear of
firm, but the majority of the suit people didn’t give construction losing their health-care coverage. Prior to the establishment of the
workers any kind of respect. program, members couldn’t be honest with their employer about
their pregnancy, out of concern for their employment status and
As an ironworker, do you have to go into the job without a fear continued hours, and then they weren’t being honest with their
of heights, or is that something you can gradually get over? doctors about how grueling and how hard their work is. So we
On that 40-story job, I remember when we got to the 28th floor help our partner contractors retain training dollars by creating a
and we were going to jump to the 29th floor, and I wasn’t scared safe and healthy alternative for ironworker employees during their
until I got to the 29th floor. It took a few days to get over why that pregnancy and encouraging return to work following delivery.
extra floor made a difference for me. But after that, I was okay. IMPACT (the Ironworker Management Progressive Action Coop-
And that was in 1985 before fall protection became a thing, so we erative Trust) handles the program claim forms from start to finish,
weren’t wearing harnesses. which takes the administrative burden off the contractors and local
unions. It’s a win-win. This isn’t an insurance policy. This is a safety
Switching gears a bit, can you talk about the Be That One program, and like any other safety program, it’s designed to help
Guy program and what sparked it? both contractors and workers. It’s just good business sense. ■
The day that Outi Hicks was killed by one of her coworkers is
one that no woman working in the construction trades will ever To hear more from Vicki, including her favorite things about Chicago, her
forget. Outi was a carpenter apprentice in Fresno, and she was role as director of diversity for Ironworkers International, and the chal-
bludgeoned to death by a guy she was working with on a job on lenges of getting younger people interested in construction careers, visit
Valentine’s Day of 2017. I’ve asked women ironworkers if they modernsteel.com/podcasts.
It’s imperative to invest in the people within your professional I will admit that I actually cringe when I hear people ask that
circles so that you have time to get to know them, help them get question because it can be a conversation killer. After answering
to know you, and build mutual trust and respect. In the future, the question, people typically respond with, “And what do you do?”
you’ll be able to comfortably contact them when you’re looking And then where do you go with the conversation? It’s a dead-end
to make a job change or add to your team. If you find yourself question. Instead, consider asking other thoughtful questions that
feeling awkward at networking events, it’s probably because you will help to create better, more in-depth conversations, such as:
aren’t participating in something that is interesting and thought- “What brings you to this conference?”
provoking to you. “What’s the most interesting thing you’ve learned at this trade
Follow up on social media. After meeting new people, I rec- show you so far?”
ommend that you follow up and connect through social media. “What does your firm specialize in?”
LinkedIn is my favorite place for connecting with other profes- Conversations get much more interesting and far less awkward
sionals. Sure, Facebook and Instagram are loads of fun, but Linke- when you’re discussing meaningful information beyond simply
dIn is where most people think to connect professionally, so that’s telling each other your job titles.
a better use of your time.
However, just because you’re connected on LinkedIn or any In the end, networking can lead to some great conversations
other social media platform doesn’t mean you’re instantly best and professional opportunities. Don’t hold yourself back. Plan
friends. You’ll still need to nurture and cultivate relationships. to attend. Go. Bring your business cards. Have a goal of meeting
Look for ways to stay in touch with people. Find articles to share two to three people at the event (and don’t just ask them what
that you think will be interesting to specific people, then copy the they do). Then wash, rinse, and repeat. Practice makes perfect.
URL and share it in a message. Periodically check in with them; You’ll find that over time, networking is truly a wonderful way
even a quick “hello” message goes a long way to keeping in touch. to exchange ideas and meet and keep in touch with other profes-
One major benefit of being active on social media is that you will sionals. This will, in turn, provide you the opportunity to build
be exposed to other people who are likely outside your immediate your professional network, enhance the probability for future op-
circles. Join groups on LinkedIn to interact with other interesting portunities in your career, and potentially add interesting, quali-
people who live and work in different industries. Gaining a different fied people to your firm. ■
perspective from other people is a great way to grow and develop—
and in turn, you may offer a fresh perspective to someone else. This article is a preview of the 2021 NASCC: The Steel Conference ses-
“So, what do you do?” Be ready to answer that all-too-com- sion “Even Introverted Engineers Can Network!” The conference takes
mon question because everyone asks it in one form or another. In place online April 12–16. For more information and to register, visit
answering that question, you have an opportunity to differentiate aisc.org/nascc.
yourself from other people.
Modern Steel Construction | 23
@CivilMethod
Super
Fast,
Super
Tall
BY STEVEN R.
WITKOWSKI, PE,
AND DARREN R.
HARTMAN, PE
HOW DO YOU CONSTRUCT one of the country’s tallest Severud Associates, features structural steel floor framing, slop-
buildings in a dense, bustling area next to one of the world’s busi- ing columns, transfer structures, and outriggers around a con-
est transit hubs, and on an accelerated schedule? For one thing, crete core—with the steel framing being erected first using a
start the steel connection design and modeling as early as possible. temporary steel core that was eventually embedded in the con-
One Vanderbilt, located at 42nd Street and Vanderbilt Avenue in crete core. This allowed the project to be erected as if there were
Midtown Manhattan—practically at the doorstep of Grand Central no concrete core, thus maximizing the impact of steel’s quicker
Terminal—is the newest, and now second-tallest, office tower in New erection time on the overall schedule.
York City. Soaring to 1,401 ft, it includes 1.7 million sq. ft of space in With a building occupancy date planned for late 2020, erect-
77 stories and was completed ahead of schedule and under budget. ing the superstructure, which comprises more than 25,000 tons of
Designed by architect Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates, the steel, began in the summer of 2017. As the building went through
tower comprises four interlocking and tapering planes that spiral several design iterations in the fall of 2015/winter of 2016, Thorn-
toward the sky. The structure, designed by engineer of record ton Tomasetti’s Construction Engineering practice was brought
24 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
In a city known
for the tallest
buildings and
fastest pace of life
in the country,
a supertall
skyscraper opens
early thanks to an
innovative steel
connection design
and modeling
process.
Max T
ouhe
y, cou
rtesy o
f SL G
reen
onto the project to reclaim time in the steel schedule and ensure that the project’s timely Steven Witkowski is a principal
completion would not be jeopardized. The firm implemented its Advanced Project Deliv- and Darren R. Hartman is a
ery™ (APD) approach, which, along with the company’s structural engineering expertise, senior principal and Construction
provides early steel connection design and Tekla modeling services for mill orders and Engineering practice leader, both
steel detailing. with Thornton Tomasetti.
Throughout the project, Thornton Tomasetti worked collaboratively with the design
and construction team, starting 15 months before steel was to arrive on-site, bridging
the gap between design and construction. During this initial phase, the company devel-
oped complex connection concepts for review and approval by Severud, identified and
resolved any missing geometry information and framing conflicts on the early available
documents as the Tekla model was being built, and gathered final force information
required for connection design. An internal request-for-information process was used
26 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
Thornton Tomasetti
left: Steel framing above: Solid steel forgings accommodate transfer forces in below: A model of a
for the entire tower two directions and range in weight from three tons to 22 tons, built-up 26-in.-wide
totals 25,000 tons. with the largest being approximately 3 ft by 3 ft by 10 ft. transfer truss node.
enclosed top-of-house structure with exposed hollow structural With Sequence 2 released for RFD a month-and-a-half after
section (HSS) perimeter columns, horizontals, and diagonals up Sequence 1, several steel pieces and a large amount of tonnage
to HSS22×22 in size. were already being turned into shop drawings for review and
When the structural steel fabrication contract was awarded, an approval. Future sequences up the building were issued for RFD
ABM model totaling approximately 11,500 tons (45% of the total approximately every two months thereafter, and the RFD mod-
project tonnage) for Sequences 1 and 2 was provided to fabricator els allowed for the steel to be ordered to actual lengths rather
Banker Steel, along with anchor rods and steel embedment plates for than typical ABM order lengths where connections are not yet
detailing. Three weeks later, an RFD model for Sequence 1, totaling known, thus eliminating wasteful drop material. Those members
7,000 tons, was provided for shop drawing preparation. This was with long lead times were ordered earlier based on the length
clearly one of the most complex sequences for the project and got information available at the time. Finalizing the connection
the steel detailing and fabrication processes moving early on. design and modeling before mill order allowed for member
As connection engineering and modeling were developed, any sizes to be changed beforehand when beneficial to simplify con-
outstanding information required between Thornton Tomasetti nections or eliminate the need for costly reinforcing, such as
and the design team, as well as the connection design and Tekla increasing HSS walls that were locally undersized at connections
modeling status, was reported to the entire team during weekly for out-of-plane forces.
project meetings. The sequenced model delivery schedule that was With the steel framing erected before the concrete core,
included in the contract with Banker enabled the project team, both Thornton Tomasetti also coordinated the concrete core rebar
design and ownership, to provide answers and make key decisions with any major steel connections. This included providing rebar
in a timely manner. Staggering the model release dates and setting couplers welded in the shop and/or holes in connection material
the dates early on supported the overall project schedule. Not only for rebar to pass through in the field. This coordination helped
did this approach help streamline the flow of information, but it also reduce field issues between the steel and concrete trades, providing
allowed for early detection of potential conflicts and helped ensure greater flexibility.
that the project schedule could be accelerated.
28 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
Thornton Tomasetti
Thornton Tomasetti
covers what influenced the system, how it was developed, relevant research,
design and fabrication considerations, and the reason for its name.
30 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
MKA
MKA
Fig. 2. The Rainier Square project in Seattle, with (left) SpeedCore panels being erected and (right) framing approaching the building’s full 850-ft height.
32 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
© Georgia Power Company
Fig. 7. Composite plate shear walls being used in the Vogtle Unit 3 Shield Building (a nuclear facility application).
SC walls have two steel plates located on the exterior and inte- nearing completion of its first U.S. installation, in Vogtle, Ga. (see
rior surfaces, resulting in armored construction, which is excel- Figure 7). Several other nuclear power plant structures and other
lent for resisting missile/projectile impactive loading or impul- safety-related nuclear facilities are also using or considering SC
sive/blast loading. The AP1000(R) nuclear power plant design, walls due to their inherent advantages of construction speed, seis-
initially implemented in Sanmen and Haiyang, China, is currently mic performance, and resistance to impactive and impulsive load-
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@CivilMethod
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achieve a two-hour fire rating without any additional fire protection Design, Fabrication, and Erection Considerations
applied (bare steel). This also assumes an axial load ratio of less than The benefits of using SpeedCore in commercial construction
17% and a slenderness ratio of the wall less than 20. (A photo of one of applications center around its speed of installation, which is rooted
the test specimens from this research is shown in Figure 9.) Note that in its modular construction techniques. The ultimate goals with the
the online version of this article will provide additional information on aforementioned ongoing SpeedCore research and development
the other related Pankow-AISC projects. work are to 1) develop clear specification language and design tools
for engineers to efficiently design the system and 2) conduct fur-
Standardization ther research that results in optimized fabrication techniques and
The research results have been used to develop design details, efficient and constructable panel-to-panel splice details,
provisions for SpeedCore. For example, design specifications and wall-to-foundation details that are simple to erect.
for composite-plate shear walls in non-seismic applications When it comes to specification language, there is some limited
are included in the forthcoming 2022 Specification for Struc- existing language in the current AISC Seismic Provisions for com-
tural Steel Buildings (ANSI/AISC 360; the current version is posite plate shear walls, but there is no language in the current
available at aisc.org/specifications). The public review bal- AISC Specification. The intent of the proposed specification and
lot issued in 2020 included structural design specifications in provisions language is to provide the engineer with a systematic
Chapter I and fire-resistant design provisions in Appendix 4. process for designing composite plate shear walls in both seismic
In addition, seismic design provisions for SpeedCore will be and non-seismic applications.
included in the 2022 Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Build- In addition to these updates, an AISC Design Guide on Speed-
ings (ANSI/AISC 341), also forthcoming. The public review Core is expected to be published this year. The guide will include spe-
ballot issued in 2020 included seismic design provisions for cific design examples for composite plate shear walls—both seismic
uncoupled SpeedCore in Section H7 and for coupled Speed- and non-seismic cases—and will also show scenarios using uncoupled
Core in H8. These provisions are also published as part of the walls and those using coupling beams in their design. The guide will
National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) also use the proposed specification provisions currently being bal-
Recommended Seismic Provisions for New Buildings and Other loted within the AISC Specification and Seismic Provisions.
Structures and are also in line for publication as part of ASCE From a fabrication and erection standpoint, SpeedCore does
7-21, which includes the seismic design coefficients (R-factor, involve a learning curve. However, early involvement with a proj-
etc.) for coupled SpeedCore. ect’s steel fabricator and erector will allow for most encountered
With all this work being done to get SpeedCore written into concerns to be alleviated early on in a project. Items that should be
standards, you may be wondering if you can actually use Speed- considered and agreed upon early in a SpeedCore project include:
Core for your next project? The short answer is yes. Beyond the 1. Layouts and placements of tie-bars either by welding,
Rainier Square Project, a recent project is underway in San Jose, double-nuts, or other means and methods
and others are in the planning phases for construction on the east 2. Locations and methodology of completing splice
coast of America. In fact, SpeedCore has been approved by the connections in the field (welding versus bolted)
New York City Department of Buildings for use in all boroughs 3. Modularization of panels—i.e., what can be reasonably be
of the city. Using the system will only get easier as the standards shipped to the site and handled in the field for erection
being updated continue to be published. (preferred module geometries)
36 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
4. If using a coupled wall system,
an agreement on coupling beam
layouts, geometry, and field
installation requirements
5. Alignment with the authority
having jurisdiction (AHJ) on any fire
protection requirements
6. Wall-base-to-foundation connection.
The interface between the base of
a SpeedCore wall system to the
building foundation can be complex
and should be considered early in
the design process with fabricator
involvement when possible
Once some of these key items can be
investigated and agreed upon by all rele-
vant parties on a given project, a significant
amount of optimization and speed can be
realized for the project using the system.
The core can then be detailed much like
Century Club:
Tarrier Steel BY GEOFF WEISENBERGER
100
some of the first steel joists. Four generations
later, we have been able to maintain our status
as a leading fabricator of structural steel in the
YEARS central Ohio area, and we are still located on
the same property.
1921–2021
Fred Tarrier, the company’s founder.
38 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
above: Tarrier fabricated the steel for Marietta
High School in Marietta, Ohio, seen here in 1965.
opposite page: The original Tarrier shop in 1921.
right: Ford Motor Company – Columbus Assembly
Plant, also fabricated by Tarrier.
Your company has been able to weather challenges for AISC turns 100 this year. How long has your company
over a century. How has this helped you weather the been involved with AISC?
current pandemic? We have been an AISC member since 2002 and became certi-
Construction companies have to be flexible regardless of the fied in 2009, and since then our production quality and output
situation. Our margins are so small and the risks so great that if have gained tremendous ground because we have a quality manual
you can’t figure out a way to bend, then you will absolutely break. we can refer to instead of simply “doing it the old way.” It’s not
We like to react quickly but not so fast that we can’t apply critical just a certification in order to gain access to bid on projects, it’s an
thinking and backward planning. The pandemic had a silver lin- entire business transformation that gives everyone in the company
ing for us in that we were not set up for every office employee to a better understanding of quality standards and how the work is
work from home, and now we are. Instead of an employee having supposed to be performed. When we have a project or part of
to use PTO because they have the sniffles, we have them work a project that we need to sub out to another fabricator, the first
from home so they don’t lose any time or come to work and get thing we do is look at the AISC list of certified members, even if
everyone else sick, and we don’t lose any productivity. We strive the project doesn’t call for an AISC fabricator. We want to know
to see how we can improve our processes when we’re faced with that the fabricator can maintain the level of quality that we are
a challenge. expected to adhere to. ■
LET’S FACE IT: America’s retail sector is experiencing a host of profound chal-
lenges—from the ongoing and increasing shift from in-person to online shopping to
the simple fact that the country is “over-retailed.”
While the COVID-19 pandemic’s economic impact is certainly another chal-
lenge, malls were already struggling prior to its onset; the pandemic just forced
property owners to consider new development strategies sooner.
Hundreds of department stores—once anchor tenants at shopping malls across
the country—have closed their doors forever. Typically, large anchor stores account
for as much as 30% of a mall’s square footage, and more than half of all mall-based
department stores are estimated to close by the end of 2021. Across the country, this
demise of the anchor store is having a large impact on the health of mall properties.
A quarter of the 1,000-odd remaining U.S. malls now look likely to close in the next
three to five years, according to Coresight Research.
Repurposing anchor stores that have gone dark offers a promising solution for
the new retail landscape—but it’s no simple task. While most anchor box stores may
look the same from the street, the structural systems supporting those unadorned
exteriors can vary drastically.
An understanding of the underlying structure is vital to informing the costs and
design approaches for revitalizing these structures. Here are four key insights to con-
Shelley Clark ([email protected]) sider when determining if a structure should be repurposed or torn down and rebuilt.
is a senior principal and Travis
Corigliano ([email protected]) Assess the Existing Structural System
is an associate, both with Answering the following questions can help property owners, developers, and
Magnusson Klemencic Associates. design teams determine if a vacant big box store is a good candidate to be repurposed
and redeveloped:
• Is the existing column grid spacing generally compatible with the planned use
for redevelopment?
• Does the existing floor have the live-load capacity required for the planned
future use? If not, can a simple strengthening method be applied to achieve
the higher load required?
• Is the existing exterior wall a nonstructural façade element that can easily be
removed and replaced (as opposed to a structural, load-bearing shear wall,
which is part of the primary structure)?
In general, if two or more of these questions can be answered “yes,” the structure
should at least be considered for repurposing and redevelopment.
40 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
conference preview
When wide-flange strengthening is
required, increased capacity for individual
members can often be provided by welding
new steel elements to the existing framing.
For projects looking to increase floor-
loading capacity, consider the following:
• For composite wide-flange floors,
welding steel plates or WT sections
to the underside of the existing fram-
ing is often the most efficient way to
provide increased bending strength.
• For non-composite sections, welding
steel plates to the underside of the
top and bottom flanges of the exist-
ing steel beams will typically provide
the most efficient increase in
bending strength. All images courtesy of MKA
• For column strengthening, attaching
side plates to “box out” a column will
provide a larger radius of gyration
to allow for increased axial load or
longer unbraced lengths.
When adding new floor openings in
steel-framed buildings, it is important to
evaluate whether there is sufficient ceiling
space for an “underslung” beam. An under-
slung beam can be connected into existing
framing (likely strengthened) before any
existing structure is cut. With the under-
slung beam in place, the existing floor can
be removed without any temporary shor-
ing or impact to the floors below.
42 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
conference preview
Speedier and Sustainable
While redeveloping and repurposing anchor
big box stores can be complex and somewhat
costly, many of these projects are generally
faster to complete and more sustainable than
tearing down an existing structure and building
a new one. Early due diligence is required on the
part of the structural engineer to help the proj-
ect team decide up front whether the anchor
box can be economically repurposed.
Will the future of mall properties be driven
by designers thinking outside the box, tearing
down existing structures and bringing whole
new visions to life—or rather those who think
inside the box, working to redevelop and repur-
pose existing big box stores that, while vacant
today, can be reshaped with new purpose and
potential tomorrow? ■
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Modern Steel Construction | 47
@CivilMethod
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dom, Bangladesh, and India. We have Certified range of plate rolls, angle rolls, dished heads
Damptech USA American P.E. and technical PMs with over 35+ line and special machines. FACCIN Group is
www.damptech.com years of experience located in the U.S. We use the sole proprietor of FACCIN – ROUNDO
smart software like Tekla, SDS2. All our teams and BOLDRINI brands. The FACCIN &
Danny’s Construction are specialized in detailing steel structures, bridge ROUNDO solutions are suitable for bending
Company, LLC detailing, connection design, and estimation. different type of profiles (standard and non-
Shakopee, Minn. standard) at very tight diameters and strict
ph: 952.445.4143
Dlubal Software, Inc. tolerances. Wide range of accessories and
toll free:
Philadelphia, Pa. CNC controls are available with the aim to
877.451.9627 ph: 267.702.2815 increase precision and productivity. FACCIN
www.dannysconstruction.com www.dlubal.com & ROUNDO angle rolls are the best solution
Dlubal offers powerful programs for structural for your next future challenges!
Danny’s Construction Company is a leader in the
and dynamic analysis of multiple materials includ-
steel erection industry because we recognize and
ing steel, concrete, aluminum, timber, CLT, glass,
embrace the uniqueness of each project and strive
cables, and fabric form-finding per the USA/Inter-
to provide innovative and creative methods for
national standards. The 3D FEA program RFEM
erecting structures of varied sizes, functions, loca-
efficiently and accurately performs non-linear anal-
tions and difficulty. The successful construction of
yses of member, plate and solid elements. RFEM
any building, bridge or arena is only as strong as
is one of the most highly sophisticated yet user-
the erection plan and its execution, and we work
friendly programs especially suitable for new users
tirelessly to offer solutions to the structural chal-
with its intuitive modeling work flow. Experience
lenges presented on each job site (WBE).
why more than 5,000 companies and universities
worldwide trust in Dlubal Software.
48 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
exhibitors
FICEP Corporation GIZA
Forest Hill, Md. St. Louis, Mo. provides a comprehensive set of calculations with
ph: 410.588.5800 ph: 314.656.4615 references to all applied codes. We offer integra-
www.ficepcorp.com www.gizasteel.com tion with Tekla Structures and Tekla Structural
Ficep Corporation is currently the largest manu- GIZA is a connection design software that covers Designer but can also be used as a standalone
facturer of structural steel and plate fabrication more than 400 different connection types in the option. GIZA has been in use for over nine years
systems and software. Ficep offers over 100 dif- shear, moment, vertical brace, horizontal brace and has successfully designed thousands of con-
ferent CNC systems to achieve the optimum and splice categories. Compliant to AISC 14th, nections on thousands of projects over that time.
solution to any specific fabricators application. 15th editions—ASD and LRFD methods, GIZA Try it yourself free for 15 days!
In addition to the different CNC work centers,
Ficep totally integrates custom designed mate-
rial handling systems for Intelligent Steel Fab-
rication without the requirement for multiple
operator involvement.
Fontana
Fasteners, Inc.
Frankfort, Ind.
www.acument.com/
brands/le-usa
Fontana Fasteners, Inc., a Fontana Gruppo com-
pany, produces LE USA® fasteners and provides
customers with high-quality cold-formed fasten-
ers produced from steel melted and rolled exclu-
sively in the U.S. In fact, Fontana Fasteners Inc.
is the only North American full-service manu-
facturer and provider of structural bolts, nuts,
washers, and TC assemblies.
GERB Vibration
Control
Systems
Lisle, Ill.
ph: 630.724.1660
toll free: 888.454.GERB
www.gerb.com
With a company history of over 100 years,
GERB is dedicated to vibration and seismic con-
trol of buildings, tall structures, rail trackbeds
and large machinery (e.g. emergency generators
etc.). GERB Tuned Mass Dampers (TMDs) in
particular are used worldwide for the vibration
control of pedestrian and wind induced vibra-
tion of long-span and slender structures (e.g.
floors, bridges, skyscrapers, etc.). GERB systems
are based on well-established physical principals
using elastic elements and the VISCODAMPER,
a viscous fluid dashpot/damper that is friction-
less and can work at very low amplitudes.
Gerdau
Tampa, Fla.
ph: 800.367.8144
toll free: 800.237.0230
www.gerdau.com
Gerdau Long Steel North America (GLN) man-
ufactures structural steel, piling, rebar, merchant
bar, and special bar quality products for the agri-
cultural, automotive, civil construction, distri-
bution, energy, industrial, and mining markets.
GLN operates seven mills in the United States
and three in Canada, and is a wholly owned sub-
sidiary of Gerdau S.A.
50 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
exhibitors
Infra-Metals Co. JH Botts, LLC Lapeyre Stair
Langhorne, Pa. Joliet, Ill. New Orleans, La.
ph: 215.741.1000 ph: 815.726.5885 ph: 504.733.6009
toll free: 800.899.3432 toll free: 800.888.5885 toll free: 800.535.7631
www.infra-metals.com www.jhbotts.com www.lapeyrestair.com
Infra-Metals Co. is one of the largest structural As specialists in manufacturing anchor bolts Lapeyre Stair is a complete outsource solution
steel service centers in the United States. We from raw material emphasizing ASTM F1554 with in-house design, engineering, and detailing.
are well-positioned to satisfy your needs in New and ASTM A449 material, we stock many 1/2 in. Steel welded egress stairs with pre-engineered
England, Mid-Atlantic, Midwest, Southwest and to 31/2 in. diameter round bars in 20 ft–0 in. to components meet applicable codes and allow
Florida. As a subsidiary of a leading international 40 ft–0 in. lengths. Additionally, we can manu- for customization. Steel bolted egress stairs are
company, Infra-Metals is provided with secure facture using many different grades of material a cost-effective solution that does not require
financing and has a strong commitment to steel including ASTM A615 rebar, Stainless Steel welding. Alternating tread stairs are a safe alter-
distribution and processing. Infra-Metals offers rods and other assorted carbon steel grades. native to steep stairways and ladders. Platforms,
unparalleled service with on-time delivery and a Our ability to produce within the tolerances legs, and crossovers integrate to create custom
substantial lineup of processing equipment. Any- prescribed by the American National Standards stair systems. The lead time guarantee ensures
one can quote a price, Infra-Metals can quote it Institute (A.N.S.I.) make us a valuable asset to orders arrive on site, on time, every time.
from stock. our customers.
52 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
exhibitors ThE PRovEn
Modern Steel Construction STEEL BRIDgE
magazine
Chicago, Ill.
ph: 312.896.9022
DESIgn SoLuTIon
www.modernsteel.com
Modern Steel Construction magazine is the offi-
cial publication of the American Institute of
Steel Construction. By focusing on innovative
and cost-effective steel designs and applications,
Modern Steel brings its readers in-depth infor-
mation on the newest and most advanced uses
FREE
of structural steel in buildings and bridges. Mod-
ern Steel is the leading magazine for profession-
als involved in the design and construction of
steel-framed buildings and bridges. Advertising 15-DAY
in Modern Steel is the best way for you to reach
your customers directly. TRIAL*
*see website
MOLD-TEK Technologies, Inc. for details
Cumming, Ga.
ph: 470.302.8178
www.moldtekengineering.com/detailing.html The leading software package
We offer structural steel detailing and engineer- for designing and rating curved
ing services, connection design certification and
sealing with BIM coordination for all the major and straight steel girder bridges.
steel fabricators in the U.S. Our company is a
public corporation with HQ in India and our
U.S. HQ in Atlanta, Georgia. We have a strong Used by Many State DOTs and Top Design Firms
team of 400+ detailers, project managers, check-
ers, and connections engineers in India in addi- (573) 446-3221 n www.mdxsoftware.com n [email protected]
tion to PEs and project oversight from one of
our four U.S. offices.
Better Together
aisc.org/nascc/exhibit
NASCC: The Steel Conference is an affordable
and easy way to reach your target customer. As
an exhibitor, you can count on The Steel Con-
ference to deliver 5,000+ industry professionals;
more than any other industry event of its kind.
Bone up on steel design with your very own copies of the
The Steel Conference exhibit hall is your chance 15th Edition Steel Construction Manual and the
to personally interact with key decision makers
in the structural steel industry. When it comes to 3rd Edition Seismic Design Manual
steel design and construction, these key industry
players come to find out what’s new, who’s got it,
and how it can work for them. Don’t be left out.
Join other top suppliers and manufacturers today!
National Steel
Bridge Alliance NEW
Chicago, Ill.
ph: 312.670.2400 SET!
aisc.org/nsba
The National Steel Bridge Alliance (NSBA),
a division of AISC, is a national, non-profit
organization dedicated to the advancement of
steel bridge design and construction. NSBA ORDER YOUR SET TODAY!
functions as the voice of the bridge fabricators
and steel mills while also partnering with the
aisc.org/publications | 800.644.2400
bridge design and construction community.
NSBA’s partners include AASHTO, FHWA,
state DOTs, design consultant, contractors, Learn more about these great CELEBRATING
and academia. With these resources, NSBA
is uniquely positioned to find solutions to the
toughest bridge challenges, including those
AISC steel design resources
at aisc.org/manualresources 100 YEARS
related to cost, sustainability, and performance. and aisc.org/seismic. 1921–2021
Modern Steel Construction | 53
@CivilMethod
exhibitors
New Millennium Building Systems Nucor – Fastener Division Ocean Machinery, Inc.
Fort Wayne, Ind. St. Joe, Ind. Fort Lauderdale, Fla.
ph: 260.969.3582 ph: 260.337.1600 ph: 954.956.3131
www.newmill.com toll free: 800.955.6826 toll free: 800.286.3624
New Millennium structural steel building sys- www.nucor-fastener.com www.oceanmachinery.com
tems support your project and we support you. Manufacturer of 100% made in the U.S. carbon Ocean Machinery delivers versatile and afford-
From steel joists and deck to long-span composite and alloy steel hex head cap screws, heavy hex able solutions for the small to medium fabri-
floor systems, we engineer and manufacture solu- structural bolts, dome head Tru-Tension tension cator. Including: *OCEAN AVENGER and
tions that control costs, enhance performance and control assemblies, nuts and build-to-print spe- AVENGER PLUS—the world’s best selling
ensure project success. Together, let’s build it bet- cials in inch and metric sizes in various grades CNC beam drill lines *OCEAN CLIPPER II—
ter. Over the years, our company has grown into with finishes and thread coatings to meet fasten- the most compact CNC angle line *OCEAN
one of the largest providers of cost-efficient, high- ing requirements. LIBERATOR—the most affordable CNC
performance structural steel joist, joist girder and beam coping machine *OCEAN BLASTER—
deck solutions for commercial steel construction Nucor – Plate Mill Group the smallest footprint shot blasting solution
projects. We have manufacturing facilities strate- Cofield, N.C. | Tuscaloosa, Ala. *OCEAN CHALLENGER—a compact, auto-
gically located across North America. ph: 252.356.3700 mated welding robot, as well as several other
toll free: 877.626.8267 game changing solutions that improve the effi-
www.nucorhertford.com ciency and profitability of fabricators worldwide!
www.nucortusk.com
Manufacturer of carbon, alloy, high-strength low Ohio Gratings, Inc.
alloy (HSLA), pressure vessel and heat treated Canton, Ohio
(normalized and quench and tempered plate) ph: 330.477.6707
that is available as discrete, cut-to-length and toll free: 800.321.9800
Nickel Institute/IMOA coiled plate. Nucor Steel Hertford County pro- www.ohiogratings.com
www.nickelinstitute.org duces discrete plate through 3 in. thick, 124 in. Ohio Gratings, Inc. is a leading manufacturer of
wide and 1,035 in. long. Nucor Steel Tuscaloosa aluminum, carbon and stainless steel bar grating
Nitto Kohki U.S.A., Inc. Inc. produces hot rolled coil and temperleveled products—all proudly made in the U.S. By deliv-
www.nittokohki.com plate up through 1 in. thickness and discrete ering a blend of artistry, safety, and seamlessness
plate up through 2.5 in. thickness, 96 in. in width thats unmatched in the grating market. From
Nucor – Beam Mill Group and 720 in. long. design to manufacturing to custom fabrication
Blytheville, Ark. | Huger, S.C. services, we offer the complete solution. Our
ph: 870.762.5500 Nucor Tubular Products drive to keep looking ahead separates us from
toll free: 800.289.6977 Chicago, Ill. other grating makers. And its this search for the
www.nucoryamato.com ph: 708.496.0380 unexpected that helps us repeatedly surprise and
www.nucor.com/products/steel-beam toll free: 800.376.6000 satisfy customers. Let our people, processes and
Nucor has two beam mills: Nucor-Yamato Steel www.nucortubular.com vision move your next project A Step Ahead.
in Blytheville, Ark. and Nucor Steel Berkeley in Nucor Tubular Products is committed to taking
Huger, S.C. Our Nucor-Yamato facility is the care of our customers through unmatched quality Oliver Van Horn, LLC
only North American producer of high-strength, and service. With eight locations located across www.ohvanhorn.com
low-alloy beams. Manufacturer of wide flange the United States and a wide variety of sizes, we
structural steel shapes (up through W14730 are ready to help you get the job done. NTP OpenBrIM Platform
columns, and W44 beams), H-piles (including manufactures high quality HSS, piling, A53 pipe, www.openbrim.org
HP16 and HP18), sheet piling, angles, channels, fire protection sprinkler pipe, auto mechanical
and car building shapes. Grades include ASTM tubing, and electrical steel conduit. Our value Ovation Services, LLC
A36, ASTM A572, ASTM A588, ASTM A690, added offerings include: in-house bandsaw Copley, Ohio
ASTM A709, ASTM A992, ASTM 913; and cutting and mechanical properties testing, I.D. ph: 330.400.2833
CSA G40.21-13 Grades 345WM and 345WMT. flash removal, Charpy V-notch testing, pipe www.4ovation.com
beveling, and miter cutting. Together, let’s build Ovation Services is a leading provider of
Nucor – Corporation something bigger. engineering services. Combining experience,
Charlotte, N.C. technology and a client-centric approach,
ph: 704.366.7000 Ovation Services provides structural steel
www.nucor.com detailing, connection design and BIM services
Nucor and its affiliates are manufacturers of steel across the United States. The acquisition of
and steel products, with operating facilities in MMW, Inc. a detailing firm with over 30 years
the United States, Canada and Mexico. Products Nucor Vulcraft/Verco Group experience in the steel industry, gives Ovation
produced include: carbon and alloy steel—in North America Services a talented project management team
bars, beams, sheet and plate; hollow structural See website for contact info. to ensure a quality product. Strong leadership,
section tubing; electrical conduit; steel piling; www.vulcraft.com global resources and U.S. based checking
steel joists and joist girders; steel deck; fabricated www.vercodeck.com uniquely qualify Ovation to be your preferred
concrete reinforcing steel; cold finished steel; Nucor, Vulcraft/Verco engineers and manufac- partner.
precision castings; steel fasteners; metal building tures steel joists and deck (for structural roof or
systems; steel grating; and wire and wire mesh. floor systems), as well as steel bar grating. We
Nucor is North America’s largest recycler. also provide, RediCor, a modular steel form sys-
tem for concrete stair and elevator cores. Nucor,
Vulcraft/Verco also provides multiple design aids
and resources, such as our online design tools, to
support the design community.
54 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
exhibitors
P2 Programs Pan Gulf Technologies Pvt., Ltd. Paramount Roll and Forming, Inc.
Dripping Springs, Texas Houston, Texas www.paramount-roll.com
ph: 512.858.2007 ph: 832.615.3128
toll free: 800.563.6737 www.pangulftech.com Peddinghaus Corporation
www.p2programs.com Pan Gulf Technologies Pvt. Ltd. an ISO 9001:2015 com- Bradley, Ill.
P2 Programs sets the industry standard pany) is a structural and concrete steel detailing company. ph: 815.937.3800
when it comes to barcoding and efficiently We have a front office in Houston and design center in www.peddinghaus.com
tracking structural steel from raw material Mumbai, India. As one of the top five steel detailing sub- Peddinghaus Corporation, headquartered in
receipt to erection at the job site with contractors in India, we use Tekla (135+ licenses), SDS2 Bradley, Illinois, U.S., is an American manu-
our NEW web-based product, STSX, (20+) and STAAD Pro to design and detail drawings for facturer of CNC controlled equipment for
allowing instant, real-time information commercial, industrial and infrastructure projects, for the structural steel and heavy plate fabrica-
to be viewed from virtually any device. American and European fabricators, design consultants tion industries. With two manufacturing loca-
Since 1986, we have been using Auto-ID and contractors. We have worked on projects ranging tions within the U.S., Peddinghaus focuses on
technology to improve manufacturing from 200–10,000 tons in structure and 50–50,000 tons providing highly innovative, and long lasting
process tracking. Using our real-time in concrete, with a man power of 350+ team members. solutions to fabricators of all shapes and sizes.
update capabilities, P2 Programs is the These solutions are designed to increase the
company with the technological expertise Pannier Corporation production of steel components, and reduce
and experience you need for an affordable Pittsburgh, Pa. costs for fabricators thus enhancing profitabil-
and successful solution to the challenges ph: 412.323.4900 ity. Beyond just machinery, Peddinghaus offers
in your manufacturing operation. toll free: 877.726.6437 a 24 hour customer help line and consumables
www.pannier.com department.
Pacific Stair Corporation Industrial marking systems for structural steel
www.pacificstair.com identification. Automatic dot peen marking systems
make deep marks that remain legible after cleaning
and coating. Embossed metal tags remain legible after
galvanizing and painting. Industrial ink jet systems and
dot and stripe printers for easy, reliable piece marking.
With over 100 years of experience, we can help you with
your most challenging product identification needs. Visit
www.pannier.com/steelfab for more information.
“The guys love it. They jumped right in on it and have been
working to make the most use of it. Great purchase.”
Nat Killpatrick • Basden Steel Corporation
56 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
exhibitors
Shandong Hanpu Machinery Skidmore-Wilhelm SKM Industries, Inc.
Industrial Co., Ltd. Solon, Ohio www.skmproducts.com
www.hanputool.com ph: 216.481.4774
www.skidmore-wilhelm.com SlipNOT Metal Safety Flooring
Sherwin-Williams Protective For more than 60 years, Skidmore Wilhelm been the www.slipnot.com
and Marine standard tool to verify bolting methods (pre-installation
protective.sherwin.com verification). Recently we have developed an online SNC Engineering, Inc.
training program to save time and help Ironworkers www.snceng.com
Short Span Steel Bridge Alliance to safely do their jobs. Please visit our training site at
Soitaab USA, Inc.
Washington, D.C. www.skidmore-training.com. We are also the leading
supplier of devices to test impact wrenches. www.soitaabusa.com
ph: 202.452.7100
www.shortspansteelbridges.org
The Short Span Steel Bridge Alliance (SSSBA)
is a group of bridge and buried soil steel struc-
ture industry leaders who have joined together
to provide educational information on the design
and construction of short span steel bridges in
installations up to 140 ft in length.
NASCC:
THE STEEL CONFERENCE
SAVE THE DATE FOR 2022!
60 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
150+ Registration earn up to
sessions NOW OPEN! 23 PDHs
fy
tf
×68
W14×68
W14×
W14
aisc.org/nascc
@
This month’s offerings include a moment connection
solution with new sloped beam and multi-axis
new capabilities, a steel connection design software package
products that recently received its patent, and a downsized
robotic welding gantry.
IDEA StatiCa
IDEA StatiCa is a steel connection design software
package for all types of welded and bolted connections,
base plates, footings, and anchoring. It also enables
designers to solve buckling and stability of steel mem-
bers. And it just became patented! The software can
now design and code-check all types of connections,
not just those in design guides, thanks to its compo-
nent-based finite element method approach, which
effectively combines all the code equations and condi-
tions with finite elements, breaking down the topology
and loading limits of older methods.
For more information, visit www.ideastatica.com.
62 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
safety matters
Welcome to Safety Matters, which high- • Unusual behavior, increased confusion, Z89.1 hard hat must have the following
lights various safety-related issues. This restlessness, or agitation information clearly marked inside the hat:
month’s topics are brain injuries and hard • Loss of consciousness • Manufacturer’s name
hat replacement. (passed out/knocked out) • ANSI standard that the hard hat
Even a brief loss of consciousness conforms with, such as
Brain Injuries should be taken seriously, and anyone who “ANSI Z89.1-2009”
Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) result has been thought to suffer a concussion • ANSI type (Type I or II) and class
in millions of emergency room visits, hos- should be seen by a healthcare provider. designation (G, E, or C)
pitalizations, and deaths per year in the Properly used fall-arrest equipment • Size range for fitting
U.S.—2.87 million such incidents in 2014, and hard hats are key to minimizing TBIs • Date of manufacture
as a matter of fact. A TBI is caused by a in steel construction work, whether in • If the hard hat meets Z89.1-2009 or
bump, blow, or jolt to the head or a pene- the shop, on the job site, or somewhere later, it must also contain the following:
trating head injury that disrupts the normal in between. • Two arrows curving to form a circle
function of the brain. Not all blows or jolts when the helmet can be worn forwards
or backward
to the head result in a TBI, and the sever- Hard Hats • LT if the helmet is designed to provide
ity of a TBI may range from “mild” (a brief When it comes to hard hats, some
change in mental status or consciousness) protection at low temperatures
companies are switching to helmets instead.
to “severe” (an extended period of uncon- -22 °F (-30 °C)
ANSI Z89.1 Type II helmets provide
sciousness or amnesia after the injury. • HV if/when the helmet meets all
protection from lateral impact in addition
A recent CDC (Centers for Disease requirements for high visibility
to the top impact protection provided by
Control and Prevention) report, Deaths Hard hats must be replaced if they show
Type I hard hats. Many also have chin
from Fall-related Traumatic Brain Injury, signs of damage (dents, cracks, penetration,
straps, which help improve their record of
found that in most states, the rate of fall- or fatigue due to rough treatment), and it
preventing injury. Note that not all climber-
related TBI deaths has increased signifi- is essential to inspect hard hats for damage
style helmets are ANSI Z89.1 Type II. Look
cantly, and the country as a whole saw a and signs of fatigue each time they are used.
for the type marked on the helmet.
17% increase in fall-related TBI deaths In addition to visual inspections, another
The current standard for head protection
from 2008 to 2017. The most notable way to test a hard hat is to grasp it in two
is ANSI Z89.1-14 (R2019). Each ANSI
increases in fall-related TBI deaths were hands and apply force by squeezing the
observed among persons 75 years of age hat. If you hear creaking or other unusual
and older and persons living in the most sounds, it is time to replace the hard hat.
rural counties. This report highlights the While OSHA has no specific provision
importance of expanding efforts to stem for an expiration date, manufacturers are
the continued growth in the rate of fall- allowed to determine if their equipment
related TBIs among at-risk groups. expires on a specific calendar date. In lieu
Effects of TBIs can include impairments of an expiration date, a generally accepted
related to thinking or memory, move- rule is to replace the support strap yearly
ment, sensation (e.g., vision or hearing), and to replace the hard hat every five years.
or emotional functioning (e.g., personal- Harsh chemicals and extreme temperatures
ity changes, depression). Falls are a lead- can make a hard hat degrade more quickly.
ing cause of TBIs and typically account for UV light exposure deteriorates shells and
nearly half of all TBI-related emergency is a particular concern of those who work
room visits, and being struck by or against outside. Be sure to check with the manu-
an object is another leading cause of TBI- facturer for guidelines on hard hat replace-
related emergency room visits. Concus- ment and maintenance.
sions are a common TBI, and it’s important We are always on the lookout for ideas
to recognize the signs: for safety-related articles and webinars that
• One pupil larger than the other are of interest to AISC member compa-
• Drowsiness or inability to wake up nies. If you have safety-related questions or
• A headache that gets worse and suggestions, we would love to hear them.
does not go away Contact us at [email protected]. And visit
• Slurred speech, weakness, numbness, AISC’s Safety page at aisc.org/safety for
or decreased coordination various safety resources. In addition, AISC
• Repeated vomiting or nausea, Type II has established its own resource page with
convulsions or seizures hard hat information on employment, contract, and
(shaking or twitching) and helmet. safety issues regarding COVID-19. It’s at
aisc.org/covid19.
Modern Steel Construction | 63
@CivilMethod
news & events
BRIDGES
AASHTO Selects Steel Press-Brake-Formed Tub Girder
as 2021 Focus Technology People & Companies
The American Association of State along Lake St. Clair in Clay, Mich., a 2020 Bridge engineering and supply
Highway and Transportation Officials Prize Bridge Award winner, is an example of company (and AISC member)
(AASHTO) Innovation Initiative (AII) a PBTG bridge; see the July 2020 issue in the Acrow announced that it has
selected the steel press-brake-formed tub Archives section at www.modernsteel.com. p ro v i d e d 2 6 m o d u l a r s t e e l
girder (PBTG) bridge system as a 2021 “We are honored to have PBTG bridges to Administração
Focus Technology. AII will invest time and selected and thank the AII selection com- Nacional de Estradas (ANE), the
resources to accelerate the system’s adop- mittees for their recognition of its eco- National Road Administration
tion among AASHTO member associa- nomical and sustainable benefits,” said of Mozambique. The bridges
tions, local agencies, and industry partners David Stoddard, senior steel applications will be installed in rural areas
to improve U.S. infrastructure. engineer for SSAB Americas and chairman of Mozambique to restore vital
Researched and tested by the Short Span of the SSSBA. “Since AII advances innova- transportation routes damaged by
Steel Bridge Alliance (SSSBA)—of which tion from the grassroots up, this opportu- cyclones in 2019.
the National Steel Bridge Alliance (NSBA) nity will fast-track this economical system
is a member organization—the PBTG is further into the mainstream, providing an Canam Steel Corporation (CSC),
an accelerated bridge construction system optimal steel solution to meet the nation’s an AISC associate member and
consisting of modular galvanized shallow infrastructure challenges.” manufacturer of open-web steel
trapezoidal boxes fabricated from cold-bent Learn more about the PBTG system at joists and steel deck products,
structural steel plate. Anchor Bay Drive www.buildusingsteel.org. announced that Chris Ervin has
become regional general man-
ager (RGM) of the Southeast
Region. With nearly 30 years of
PUBLIC REVIEW
professional experience in the
Several AISC Standards Available for Public Review industry, Ervin will be responsible
A draft of the 2022 edition of the AISC Buildings (AISC 370) and the AISC Code of for expanding CSC’s new brand
Specification for Structural Steel Buildings (AISC Standard Practice for Structural Stainless Steel identity, spurring from its recent
360) is available for public review until March Buildings (AISC 313). Both standards are separation from its former parent
5, 2021. This is the second public review expected to be available by the end of 2021. company.
period for this specification, which is expected All draft standards and related review
to be completed and available in late 2022. forms can be downloaded from the AISC Thornton Tomasetti announced
Also, the 2022 edition of the AISC Seismic website at aisc.org/publicreview. Hard that Brian G. Morgen, SE, PE,
Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings (AISC copies of review drafts are available (for a $35 PhD, has joined the firm as vice
341) is available for public review from charge each) by calling 312.670.5411. Please president and Seattle office direc-
March 5 until April 2. submit comments using the forms provided tor. Morgen has more than 16
In addition, two new AISC standards are online or to Cynthia J. Duncan, AISC’s years of experience in the Seattle
available for public review until April 12: the director of engineering ([email protected]), market and an extensive back-
AISC Specification for Structural Stainless Steel by the dates indicated for consideration. ground in structural analysis and
design and project management.
He has collaborated with proj-
ect teams on many technically
corrections challenging structures, includ-
The Individual Awards news item in the In addition, the January 2021 article “Cen- ing office and residential tow-
February 2021 issue listed the incorrect tury of Service” (www.modernsteel.com) ers, healthcare facilities, civic and
award type for a handful of winners. Please included a list of AISC member fabricators cultural centers, and mixed-use
note the following corrections: that have been in operation for over 100 complexes. Morgen is a special-
• Dennis Noernberg, Jeffrey Packer, years. American Bridge Company has ist in performance-based seismic
and Rafael Sabelli received been in existence since the 1800s, and design and played a key role in
Lifetime Achievement Awards, not AFCO Steel, now part of W&W/AFCO the design of several high-per-
Special Achievement Awards. Steel, was founded in 1909. Both companies forming buildings in earthquake-
• Scot Becker and Dale Ison received should be included in this list. If you happen prone areas in the Western U.S.
Special Achievement Awards, not to know of another 100-year-old fabricator and Asia.
Lifetime Achievement Awards. that wasn’t on the list, please email Carly
Hurd at [email protected].
64 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
marketplace & employment
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advertiser index
AISC 53 | 61 Infra-Metals 8
AGT Robotics 14 LNA Solutions 49
Applied Bolting 37 MDX Software 53
Automated Layout Technology 55 Nucor Tubular 15
Bull Moose Industries back cover Nucor Vulcraft 5
Burlington Automation 67 Peddinghaus Corporation 2
Cast Connex Corporation 35 QuickFrames USA 18
CE Steel, Inc. 33 SDS2 7
Chicago Metal Rolled Products insert St. Louis Screw & Bolt 37
Color Works Painting Inc. 34 Trimble 3 | 19
Controlled Automation 57 V&S Galvanizing LLC 11
FICEP 13 Voortman Corporation 43
InfoSight Corporation 12
Modern Steel Construction | 65
@CivilMethod
structurally sound
TEST OF TIME
A LOT HAS HAPPENED since the first U.S. steel bridge still in service—Dunlap’s Creek Bridge in Brownsville, Pa. (technically
a cast iron bridge)—opened in 1838. And today, there are thousands of 100-year-old (and then some) steel bridges across the country.
An interactive timeline on AISC’s website lets you take a stroll back in time—to 1838 and even earlier—highlighting major world
events and aligning them with the number of U.S. steel bridges, still in service today, that were already open to traffic when they hap-
pened. For example, in 1843, Marc Brunel’s tunnel opened under the Thames River in London. It was the world’s first tunnel under a
river and took 18 years to build, and eventually became part of the London Underground mass transit system. As impressive as that feat
was, there were already six U.S. steel bridges open to traffic at the time that are still in operation today.
You can jump in the time machine at aisc.org/timeline.
And speaking of steel entities that have hit the century mark, AISC turns 100 this year! Check out the “Centennial Content” section
at www.modernsteel.com for content related to this milestone. ■
66 | MARCH 2021
@CivilMethod
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