SECONDARY

JHS

LEARNING STRAND 6
DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP
MODULE 6: DIGITAL DEVICES

ALS Accreditation and Equivalency Program: Junior High School

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 LEARNING STRAND 6

DIGITAL DEVICES

DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP
MODULE 6
ALS Accreditation and Equivalency Program: Junior High School
Learning Strand 6: Digital Citizenship
Module 6: Digital Devices

Published in 2020 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
UNESCO Office, Jakarta
Jalan Galuh II No. 5, Kebayoran Baru, Jakarta, Indonesia

and

Department of Education
DepEd Complex, Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines

Copyright © UNESCO and DepEd 2020

This publication is available in Open Access under the Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 IGO (CC-BY-SA) 3.0 IGO)
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The selection and presentation of the material contained in this publication, as well as the opinions expressed
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ISBN 888-888-8888-88-8
 DEVELOPMENT TEAM

Jenelyn Marasigan Baylon Master Teacher I, ALS Task Force (On-detail)

Kristine Lee S. Lumanog Education Program Specialist II, ALS Task Force (On-detail)
Judy R. Mendoza Project Development Officer III, Bureau of Learning Resources
Reyangie V. Sandoval Education Program Specialist II, Bureau of Learning Resources
Josephine C. Intino Senior Education Program Specialist, Bureau of Curriculum Development
Eric U. Labre Senior Education Program Specialist, Bureau of Learning Resources
Roderick P. Corpuz Supervising Education Program Specialist, ALS Task Force
Daisy Asuncion O. Santos Chief Education Program Specialist, Bureau of Learning Resources
Marilette R. Almayda Director III/Head, ALS Task Force
Ariz Delson Acay D. Cawilan Officer-In-Charge, Office of the Director IV, Bureau of Learning Resources
G. H. S. Ambat Assistant Secretary for Alternative Learning System Program
and Task Force
Tonisito M. C. Umali Undersecretary for Legislative Liaison Office, External Partnership Service
and Project Management Service
Leonor Magtolis Briones Secretary

Heiden Chan Author

Adelina Calub Content Expert
Bernadette Sison Admin and Finance Staff
Mildred Parbo Project Lead
Ma. Teresita Medado President

Content and Language Evaluators and Instructional Design Reviewer

Gilbert Z. Apostol Schools Division Office of Sorsogon Province, Department of Education
Josefine M. Mangaoang Marikina Polytechnic College
Maria Cristina N. Marquez National Capital Region, Department of Education

Ade Sandra Admin and Finance Assistant

Rusyda Djamhur Project Assistant
Marmon Abutas Pagunsan National Project Consultant
Remegio Alquitran National Project Officer
Maria Karisma Bea Agarao National Programme Coordinator
Mee Young Choi Head of Education Unit
Shahbaz Khan Director and Representative
User’s Guide
For the ALS Learner:

Welcome to this Module entitled Digital Devices under Learning Strand 6 Digital Citizenship of the ALS K to
12 Basic Education (BEC).

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and independent
learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while
being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies you are expected to
Let’s Get to Know
learn in the module.

This part includes an activity that aims to check what you already know
Pre-assessment about the lesson. If you get all the answers correct (100%), you may decide
to skip this module.

This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This aims to help you
Setting the Path
discover and understand new concepts and skills.

This comprises activities for independent practice to solidify your

Trying This Out understanding and skills of the topic. You may check the answers to the
exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the module.

Understanding
This includes questions that process what you learned from the lesson.
What You Did

Sharpening This section provides an activity that will help you transfer your new
Your Skills knowledge or skill in real-life situations or concerns.

Treading the This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of mastery in achieving the
Road to Mastery given learning competency.

Don’t Forget This part serves as a summary of the lessons in the module.

In this portion, another activity will be given to you to enrich your knowledge
Explore More
or skill of the lesson learned. This also tends retention of learned concepts.

This part will assess your level of mastery in achieving the learning
Reach the Top
competencies in each lesson in the module.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module.

This portion gives information about the meanings of the specialized words
Glossary
used in the module.
At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module.
Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer the Pre-assessment before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your ALS Teacher/Instructional Manager/Learning Facilitator
once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your ALS
Teacher/Instructional Manager/Learning Facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding of
the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 Let’s Get to Know 1
Pre-Assessment 2
LESSON 1: Types of Mobile Devices 3
Setting the Path 3
Trying This Out 4
Understanding What You Did 5
Sharpening Your Skills 10
Treading the Road to Mastery 12
LESSON 2: Uses of Mobile Devices 13
Setting the Path 13
Trying This Out 14
contents

Understanding What You Did 15

Sharpening Your Skills 21
Treading the Road to Mastery 22
LESSON 3: Ethical Use of Mobile Devices 23
Setting the Path 23
Trying This Out 24
Understanding What You Did 25
Sharpening Your Skills 43
Treading the Road to Mastery 45
Don’t Forget 46
Reach the Top 47
Answer Key 50
Glossary 52
References 54
 MODULE 6
Let’s get to know

A s 21st century learners, you often use digital devices/mobile devices

for entertainment and for educational purposes. These gadgets help
you relax, study, and even work in a fast and efficient manner. It is no wonder
then, why people from all walks of life, no matter the age or gender, are into
these gadgets.

This module will help you become more knowledgeable about mobile
devices. It will cover three lessons:

Lesson 1 – Types of Mobile Devices

Lesson 2 – Use of Mobile Devices
Lesson 3 – Ethical Use of Mobile Devices

DIGITAL DEVICES 1
 MODULE 1
PRE-ASSESSMENT
Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

I. Directions: Write T if you think that the statement is True, F if it’s False.

1. Smartphones are the first kind of gadget or device that can send messages.
2. Diosdado Banatao is dubbed as the “Filipino Bill Gates”.
3. Steven Paul Jobs is the genius behind Apple.
4. We can create documents using our smartphones.
5. Laptops perform better than desktop computers.

II. Directions: Write a check () if the statement conveys a positive attitude. If
the statement conveys a negative behavior, write a cross mark ().

1. RJ uses his camera to capture beautiful photos on his trip in the countryside
and uses those to promote tourism.
2. Faith uses her smartphone to take down notes during her class while
listening to her teacher’s lecture.
3. Hillary asks her parents to buy her the latest smartwatch, so she could
brag about it at school.
4. Tin-Tin lends her tablet to her younger cousin when they are working
on their homework.
5. Baron wishes that his enemy’s new phone would be stolen.

2 DIGITAL DEVICES
 lesson 1
Setting the Path

TYPES OF MOBILE DEVICES

At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

explain the meaning of “mobile device”;

distinguish the characteristics of mobile

devices; and

differentiate the different kinds of mobile

devices:
mobile computers
{
mobile phones
{
pagers
{
personal navigation devices (PND)
{
project Ara
{

DIGITAL DEVICES 3
 Lesson 1
TRYING THIS OUT
Directions. Write at least three different uses and functions of each device below.
Put your answer on a separate sheet of paper following the format.

SMARTPHONES

TABLET
COMPUTER

DIGITAL
CAMERA

4 DIGITAL DEVICES
 lesson 1
Understanding What You Did

In the past 10 years, technology has advanced greatly. Gadgets have

become smaller, making it easier for anyone to bring it wherever they need
to be. They are also designed to be more powerful and can perform most of
the tasks that usually require the big and bulky machines we used to have.

For example, when creating documents, we used to do it on a personal

desktop computer. Today, we can create documents using an application on
our cellular phone. Before, we can only watch movies in movie houses or in
our homes on our TV sets and movie players—VHS, VCD or DVD players.
Now, we can watch movies on our cellular phones, tablets and laptops.

The birth of mobile devices allowed people to accomplish most of their

tasks wherever and whenever at their own convenience.

DIGITAL DEVICES 5
Lesson 1

MOBILE DEVICES
Mobile devices are small and lightweight gadgets designed for people who
need to accomplish tasks wherever they are. These are people who need to work
on reports and accomplish tasks but have no access to a desktop computer.

Mobile devices are also

referred to as “handheld devices”
as people can carry them wherever
they go. In short, these devices
are considered portable. These
can perform almost all tasks that
were designed for the traditional
desktop computers.

In the last 30 years, these devices have become smaller and smaller,
yet very powerful.

The following are the types of mobile devices:

MOBILE COMPUTER
A mobile computer refers to a
portable device which a person can
carry anywhere he/she goes. You
can connect this device to a wireless
internet connection, if it is available. It
is also described as small yet durable,
provided the user takes care of it
properly. Laptops and tablet computers
are good examples of this.

6 DIGITAL DEVICES
Lesson 1

MOBILE PHONE
A common example of a mobile
phone is a smartphone. It is commonly
touch screen-operated and can be used
for making phone calls and sending
text messages. It’s also a kind of cellular
phone that works like a computer.
Applications (e.g., games, digital
dictionaries, Netflix, Photomath, etc.),
be it for personal or business use, can
run on the phone simultaneously.

In addition, a user can use it to browse the internet and store files,
take and store photos and videos, record and play music, make use of GPS
for location and navigation, and so much more.

PAGER OR BEEPER
Used in the early 1980’s by
people on-the-go, a pager—also
called a beeper for the beeping
noise it makes when receiving
messages—is a small, one-way
telecommunications device that
receives messages for the recipient.

However, the recipient cannot reply using his pager/beeper. Anyone

who wants to send a message to another needs to use a landline phone to call
a telecommunications operator to relay their message who in turn will send
the message to the recipient’s pager number. Pagers conveniently increased
connectivity among its users during its time. These days, pagers are no longer
used because of the innovations in technology.

DIGITAL DEVICES 7
Lesson 1

DIGITAL CAMERA AND CAMCORDER

A digital camera, or better known as “digicam,” is a device that captures
photographs and stores them in the device’s memory or an external memory
card. Unlike old camera models that use a light-sensitive photographic film,
photos can be easily accessed and viewed and do not need to be “chemically
developed”.

Big analog camera

makers like Nikon, Canon, and
Kodak have transformed their
cameras to digital cameras to
address the needs of the time.

It took a while though

for these camera makers to
adapt to these innovations considering they were popular in the 70’s and 80’s.

Nowadays, cameras are being incorporated into smartphones, tablets,

and laptops. However, professional photographers still prefer the high-end,
high-definition cameras.

Digital video cameras (video camcorder/digital camcorder), on the

other hand, are devices used to record videos. Some of these also have the
capability of taking still pictures.

PERSONAL NAVIGATION DEVICE

Personal Navigation Devices, or PND, are

portable devices built to run Road Navigation
applications. In simpler terms, PND helps locate
the user.

8 DIGITAL DEVICES
Lesson 1

However, the capabilities of

PND is not limited to just locating
the user since it also has other
functionalities such as mobile
hands-free system, multimedia
player, games, external application
support, travel utilities (world time,
currency converter, measurement
converter, calculator, etc.).

DIGITAL DEVICES 9
 lesson 1
Sharpening Your Skills
I. Directions: On a separate sheet of paper, write five (5) things that you think
are connected to the word “Mobile Device”. Afterwards, explain your answer
in not more than 5 sentences and in paragraph form.

CRITERIA SCORE
CONTENT
Ideas are accurate, well-developed, and are expressed 15%
in own words.
CLARITY
15%
Ideas and thoughts are clearly expressed.
TOTAL 30%

10 DIGITAL DEVICES
Lesson 1

II. Directions: Determine the mobile device being described in each number.
Choose your answer from the word pool. Write the letter of your answers
on a separate sheet of paper.

WORD POOL

A. Digital Camera & Camcorder B. Pager or Beeper

C. Mobile Phone D. Mobile Computer
E. Personal Navigation Device

1. This was used in the early 80’s. It is a small one-way telecommunications

device that receives alert messages.

2. This can be used for making phone calls and sending text messages.
It also works like a computer because of its special features.

3. This is a device that helps locate the user.

4. This is a device that captures photographs and stores them in the

device’s memory or an external memory card. This can also record
videos.

5. This is a portable device which a person can carry anywhere he/she

goes. One good example of this is the laptop.

DIGITAL DEVICES 11
 lesson 1
TREADING THE road to mastery
Directions: List down the mobile devices that you have in your bag and at home.
Determine its type, its special features, and its use in your life as an ALS learner.
Do this on a separate sheet of paper.

12 DIGITAL DEVICES
 lesson 2
Setting the Path

USES OF MOBILE DEVICES

At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

evaluate the different kinds of mobile devices

according to its use; and

employ the use of mobile devices to access

information, communicate with others, and
solve problems in daily life.

DIGITAL DEVICES 13
 Lesson 2
TRYING THIS OUT
Directions: Complete the crossword puzzle below on a separate sheet of paper.
Answers are about mobile devices. Additional clues are also given for you. Good
luck!

DOWN
2. A wearable computer in the form of a wristwatch
3. It contains a keyboard with buttons for digits and arithmetic
operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication and division)

ACROSS
1. A more powerful version of a traditional cellphone
4. Bigger than a smartphone and smaller than a laptop
5. Often called a notebook; small, portable personal computer

14 DIGITAL DEVICES
 lesson 2
Understanding What You Did
Did you have a hard time answering the activity? Your answers have
something to do with today’s lesson. As discussed in Lesson 1, mobile devices
allow users to accomplish most of their tasks wherever and whenever at
their own convenience. This time, you will learn the kinds of mobile devices
according to their portability (i.e., the way the mobile device is handled).

HANDHELD MOBILE DEVICES

TABLET COMPUTERS
• has touchscreen (i.e., your finger can be used
as a mouse pointer)
• can edit and store files
• can connect to the internet to communicate
• can be used to watch video
• can be used to listen to music
• can be used to play games

DIGITAL DEVICES 15
 Lesson 2

SMARTPHONES
• browsing the net
• capturing photo and video
• storing files
• answering emails
• playing music
• navigating locations
• playing games
WEARABLE MOBILE DEVICES
CALCULATOR WATCH

• digital watch with a built-in calculator

for arithmetic operations (addition,
subtraction, multiplication and
division)

SMARTWATCH
• has a media player
• has fitness and wellness services
• can be used for navigation
• has a music player

HEAD-MOUNTED DISPLAY
(HMD)

• gaming, aviation, engineering, and

medicine
• worn on the head of the user which
has a small display optic in front of
one or each eye

16 DIGITAL DEVICES
Lesson 2

PERSONAL DIGITAL
ASSISTANT (PDA)
• also called pocket computers
• can send fax
• can be used to browse the internet
• can be used as a personal organizer
• has a handwriting recognition
feature with the use of stylus

ENTERPRISE DIGITAL
ASSISTANT (EDA)
• has more superior connectivity options
• designed for warehouse and field
personnel, health care practitioners,
and similar users
• has smartphone features
• waterproof
• can be used to scan barcodes

ULTRA-MOBILE PCs
• small handheld computer with
the capacity to run Windows
Operating System
• can be used for GPS (Global
Positioning System)
• has webcams
• can connect to the internet
• has features of a stereo speaker
and a tv tuner

DIGITAL DEVICES 17
 Lesson 2

PROJECT ARA
• has lego-style blocks
• a modular smartphone that allows you
to change one part of the device if it gets
old or has a new version
• users do not need to buy a new smart
phone but only parts of it
• canceled due to lack of advancement in
technology and not being user-friendly

USES OF MOBILE DEVICES IN DAILY LIFE

Mobile devices were once solely used for communication. Now, they’re
used for networking, gaming, getting directions, tracking health, shopping,
and many more. Indeed, smartphones have become a necessity for everyday
life. Its many uses make it an indispensable gadget for most of us.

Digital camera
We use our smartphones as digicams. In fact, taking
photos is one of the most frequent thing we do with
our smartphones. Be it a selfie, a groupie, or a nature
pic, the camera in our smartphones have features that
make it easy for us to take good shots.

Audio and Video recorder

We also use our smartphones as an audio and video
recorder. Students find this very useful when they
are asked to submit podcasts (i.e., an audio-recoring
of a discussion of an assigned topic), recorded video
simulation of a newscast, recorded audio rendition
of a spoken poetry, etc. With our smartphones, we no longer need to buy a
camcorder (or a digicam for that matter) in order to comply with submissions
like these.

18 DIGITAL DEVICES
Lesson 2

PC AND LAPTOP
No PC or laptop? No problem! Your smartphone is
capable of doing what a PC or a laptop can do. As
long as we have an email app on our smartphone, as
well as internet connectivity, we can send (and receive)
regular emails or even emails that contain multimedia
messages to our friends, our teachers, or our relatives.
What’s more, we can send and receive SMS and MMS over a cellular network
through our smartphone.

Aside from sending MMS and emails, we can also use

our smartphone to browse or surf the internet. This
comes very handy when we need to do a quick research
on a topic in one of our subjects. We can download
the file and read the document in our smartphone,
provided we have the app for it.

This won’t be a problem because most apps nowadays are downloadable for
free at the app store (e.g., Google Play Store and App Store) So, go ahead
download a document reader (i.e., can read Word file, Excel file, PowerPoint
file and PDF file) from the app store.

Before we can download from Play Store though, we

need to make a Google account in our smartphone. Just
follow onscreen instructions and everything will be
alright. We also don’t need to worry about the security
of our account because our smartphone’s security has
greatly improved over the years. We still need to be
careful in giving permissions when we are downloading
apps from Play Store though.

PLAYSTATION/GAMEBOY
Once we are done with our studies, we can also relax and have fun using
our smartphones! Most people browse their Facebook/Twitter/Instagram/

DIGITAL DEVICES 19
 Lesson 2

YouTube account during their downtime. We should,

too. Doing otherwise could hamper our studies or work.
Also, playing games on our smartphones is alright as
long as it does not eat up our study or work time. What’s
great about this is the fact that we don’t have to buy a
playstation or a gameboy anymore! All we need to do is
to download the game we want to play from Play Store.

Music/video player and radio/TV

Aside from playing games and browsing our social
media account, we can also use our smartphone to play
our favorite music or to watch our favorite tv shows
or even movies. Just download an app that offers free
streaming of music and videos or directly download
songs and movies from the internet; save these on our
smartphone; and watch/listen to them later on. It’s like having a radio and a
tv in our smartphones!

Lastly, our smartphones have many other uses:

· Online banking
· Booking rides
· Having food, grocery, and other items delivered to our doorstep
· Organizing/storing our contacts
· Giving alarm (e.g., waking-up and calendared events
· Keeping to-do list and other notes
· Navigating places
· Handling finances
· Working remotely
· Calculating
· Locating persons (GPS capable phones)
With all of these functionalities, smartphones may just be the best
invention of this century!

20 DIGITAL DEVICES
 lesson 2
Sharpening Your Skills
I. Directions: List mobile devices that can be used for the given descriptions
below. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

browse make it as
capture photo
the internet wristwatch

send & receive

navigate
play music text messages
locations
(online/offline)

make and store files (photos,

type important
answer a call videos, documents,
documents
(online/offline) music)

download useful
track applications
heart rate depending on
the user

DIGITAL DEVICES 21
 lesson 2
TREADING THE road to mastery
Directions: Describe and explain the mobile device that you have used in the
last 24 hours. Write the activities that you have performed, and what you have
realized in using such. Is it helpful to you? Write your answer on a separate sheet
of paper.

CRITERIA SCORE
CONTENT
Ideas are accurate, well-developed, and are expressed 15%
in own words.
CLARITY
15%
Ideas and thoughts are clearly expressed.
TOTAL 30%

22 DIGITAL DEVICES
 lesson 3
Setting the Path

ETHICAL USE OF MOBILE DEVICES

At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

practice safe and ethical use of mobile devices

phishing
{
identity theft
{
cyber laws awareness
{
mobile etiquette; and
{

discuss the advantages and disadvantages of

using mobile devices.

DIGITAL DEVICES 23
 Lesson 3
TRYING THIS OUT
Directions: Read the following scenario. Which of these packs possible danger
to the user of the mobile device? Write the letter of your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.

A. Fatima takes a photo of her new ID and posts it in social media.

B. Lando received a text message from an unknown number saying that

he had won ₱50,000 from a raffle game. The sender said that to claim
his prize, he must first send his personal information. Lando eagerly
complied.

C. Anna gave her password to her friend, whom she has just known for over
a week.

D. Rosie receives an email asking her to provide her personal information

as soon as possible to avail a certain promo.

E. Del doesn’t share her personal information online or offline when

unknown senders ask for it.

Ponder!

What harm could possibly befall us

by giving out personal information
online or offline?

24 DIGITAL DEVICES
 lesson 3
Understanding What You Did
Ethics is the discipline dealing with what is good and bad and with
moral duty and obligation (Merriam Webster). From this definition, we can
glean that if we are to live a satifying and guilt-free life, we must always be
ethical (i.e., conforming to accepted standards of conduct) in all our dealings
with other people. Sadly, not all people do this. Thus, there are victims of
phishing, identity theft, cyber bullying, etc. As a netizen, how can you protect
yourself from these?

In this lesson, you will learn what these crimes are, how you could
protect yourself from these, and how to be ethical users of mobile devices.

We must always think about our security and safety even in using our
mobile devices. Thus, we must ask ourselves how we can stay safe and secure
all the while we use our mobile devices online or offline. This means acting
responsibly and proactively to avoid becoming a victim of cyber crimes.

In this lesson, you will learn the safe practices and ethical use of mobile
devices. But first, you must know some crimes which are related to your
activities using mobile devices to show you how danger can be avoided.

DIGITAL DEVICES 25
 Lesson 3

Phishing

• cybercrime which uses email, telephone or text message to attack

possible victims
• perps (i.e., perpetrator especially of a crime) pose as someone from
a legitimate institution and lure victims into providing personal
information (e.g., username, password, birthday, credit card/banking
details, etc.)
• email contains too-good-to-be-true message, link that bring the
target victim to a website, and/or attachments that doesn’t make
sense.
• can lead to identity theft and financial loss

Source: https://www.phishing.org/

Identity Theft

• crime of stealing another person’s identity

• perps use that person’s identity to commit fraudulent or dishonest
transactions like purchase or loan transactions
• the victim ends up being sued for non-payment of purchase or loan
transactions or he/she ends up paying for the amount of goods
purchased or loan taken out

Cybersex

• cybercrime which involves willful engagement (or maintenance or

control or operation), directly or indirectly, in any sexual entertainment
or activity (e.g., lascivious showing of sexual organs,doing sexy dance,
etc.) using the internet, in exchange for favor, money, or consideration.

Source: https://www.manilatimes.net/2017/10/08/legal-advice/
dearpao/crime-cybersex-committed/355332/

26 DIGITAL DEVICES
Lesson 3

Cyber Child Pornography

• cybercrime which involves the images (photo or video) of children

in sexual activities
• images are traded or sold online to pedophiles (i.e., adults who are
sexually attracted to children)

Source: https://law.jrank.org/pages/11986/Cyber-Crime-Online-child-pornography.html

Cyber Libel

• cybercrime which involves online (e.g., thru FB posts, Twitter,

email, blogs, etc.) defamatory statements given maliciously
• malice exists when the offender knows that what he/she is saying
is false, yet still says it or disregards whether what he/she is saying
is false or not
• targetted person may or may not have been named in the
defamatory statement when it is easy to identify who the
defamed person is

Source: https://divinalaw.com

Unsolicited electronic communication

• crime that involves the transmission of commercial electronic

communication with the use of computer system
• electronic communication that seeks to advertise, sell, or offer for
sale products and services
• no permission from the recipient of electronic communication to
receive such messages

Source: https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2012/09/12/republic-act-no-10175/

These thieves or hackers as they are aptly called are not your average
or ordinary thieves. These are extremely intelligent individuals when it
comes to computers and information technology. Thus, they are coming up

DIGITAL DEVICES 27
 Lesson 3

with various ways of doing their crimes. As a netizen, we must know how to
protect ourselves from becoming victims. Here’s how.

3 Be aware of the cybercrime law.

3 Practice online safety.
CYBER LAW
Cyber law is a legal system that deals with activities over the internet.
This is created to protect people and organizations on the internet from
cybercrimes offenders. If someone breaks it, he/she will be punished depending
on the cyber law present in the certain country.

Cybercrime Laws in the Philippines

In our country, Republic Act No. 10175, or the Cybercrime Prevention

Act of 2012, was signed into law by President Aquino on Sept. 12, 2012. This
law aims to regulate the online behavior of Filipino internet users so they don’t
fall prey to online predators and/or they don’t become one unknowingly.

Most of us tend to behave differently (rudely, if truth be told) online

because we think our “online life” is detached from our “real life.” Thus, we
write comments on social media that hurt or damage the reputation of other
people even when we are not sure about the truthfulness of what we are
saying. The idea of not getting caught or punished seem to have made most

28 DIGITAL DEVICES
Lesson 3

internet users feel invincible and have made them more reckless or uncaring
about the consequences of their actions online.

The passing of the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 rendered that

thinking obsolete. With the many advancements on technology nowadays,
our law enforcers can trace our digital footprint (i.e., information about you
that exists on the internet as a result of your online activity) and catch us if
we commit a crime.

For instance, did you know that you can be jailed for 12 years for posting
defamatory (i.e., damaging the good reputation of someone) comments on
Facebook or other social media under RA 10175?

You defame someone when you write comments that damage the
good reputation of someone. Not mentioning the name of the person you
are defaming won’t be a defense when the comments have made it clearly
identiable who the person is. In other words, it’s that “kulang na lang banggitin
‘yung pangalan” line in the vernacular. So, the next time you post a comment,
be very careful about what you write. Remember, defaming someone online is
cyber libel punishable under RA 10175 and the Revised Penal Code (Section
355).

DIGITAL DEVICES 29
 Lesson 3

On the flip side, what do you do if you are the target of a libelous
comment on social media? The NBI Anti-Cybercrime Unit outlines the
following steps:

1. Gather evidence that you are being defamed on social media by getting
a screenshot of the entire social media post that contain the defamatory
comment against you. This screenshot should not bear any words or
marks and should clearly show:

A. the profile picture of the person who posted the comment;

B. the URL (if you used a computer to take the screenshot)

2. Get a screenshot of the profile account of the person who made

libelous comments about you.
3. Ask common friends on your social media account to testify and
to identify the identity of the account owner who has been writing
defamatory comments about you.
4. In the absence of common friends or if the account is anonymous,
go to the Anti-Cybercrime Division of NBI or PNP-CIDG so their
computer forensic experts can help you.
Source: https://www.facebook.com/1920191171392525/posts/cyber-crime-lawrepublic-act-
10175libel-offense-under-section-355revised-penal-co/2705676222844012/

30 DIGITAL DEVICES
Lesson 3

Now, let us talk about online

identity theft, another cybercrime
punishable by imprisonment for 12
long years under RA 10175.

How can someone steal your

identity online? In this day and age,
people post almost anything online
when they are happy or excited about
something.

Some things you should never post online are documents that show
your personal information. These would be identification card (e.g., driver’s
license, SSS ID, Pag-ibig ID, Philhealth ID, etc.), birth certificate, passport,
ATM, etc.

Posting any of these online make it easy for hackers to steal your
personal information and use them for criminal activities. So if you are the
type to just unthinkingly post your personal information, stop! This is the
simplest way of protecting yourself.

DIGITAL DEVICES 31
 Lesson 3

How about cyber child pornography? The infographic shows RA 10175

stipulating all criminal acts punishable under in RA 9775 (The Anti-Child
Pornography Act of 2009) as part and parcel of the Cybercrime Prevention
Act of 2012, with the provision that when the crime is committed online, the
penalty shall be one degree higher than what RA 9775 stipulates.

How can you protect yourself from online predators (i.e., adult online
users who exploit vulnerable children or adolescents for sexual illicit sexual
experience)?

These online predators use chat rooms, instant messenging, or social

networking sites to lure minors like you into taking photos or videos of you
in sexual activities in exchange for money. What is heartbreaking about this
crime is when the parents themselves are the ones forcing their children to
engage in sexual activities, takes photos or videos, then sell these to online

32 DIGITAL DEVICES
Lesson 3

predators. Going back to the question earlier, how can you protect yourself
from being victimized by online predators? Simple. Do not have online
conversations with people you don’t know, under any circumstances.

If there’s a stranger who

persistently chats with you, block
that person and tell your parents. If
it’s your parents or someone older
than you who are forcing you to do
sexual activities with another minor
while they take videos or photos,
report them to the authorities. If
you are scared, talk to your teacher,
he/she will be able to help you. Your
teachers are your second parents, so
they care about your well-being.

The point is, seek help! Don’t just keep quiet about this crime. You
have to bring these offenders to justice.

Moving on, are you familiar with the adage, “Ignorance of the law
excuses no one.”? What exactly does it mean?

It means that when you commit a crime, you can not say you did not
know that what you did was a crime. If there is a law penalizing the crime
you committed, you will be penalized accordingly. Such is what happened to
“XXX,” Atty. Persida Acosta’s letter sender who sought advise in her column.
Read her letter on page 34.

DIGITAL DEVICES 33
 Lesson 3

Dear PAO,

I am XXX, 21 years old, and a nursing student at a university

in Manila. A friend of mine asked me if I am interested in earning
income by doing sexy shows online in the privacy of my own room.
Being a college student with low allowance, I was eager to check
out the opportunity especially since it will just be about doing “sexy
shows” online. That night, I went to buy a high-definition webcam
and signed up to a live channel website where I can stream my live
video to my audience from all over the world who, in turn, will give
me tips, which I can then withdraw from an ATM. At first I only did
sexy dancing, but I soon discovered that I get more tips if I get naked
in front of the camera or do “sexy” stuff. All in all, I earned about
₱40,000.00 a month for six months already. My school, however,
found out about this, and expelled me for allegedly committing a
crime. Did I really commit a crime?

XXX

Here are the highlights of Atty. Acosta’s response to the letter sender.

1. Based on her narration, XXX has committed crime of cybersex. She has
violated Section 4(C)(1) of RA 10175, also known as the Cybercrime
Prevention Act of 2012.
2. Section 4 (C)(1) of RA 10175 specifically states:

“Section 4. Cybercrime Offenses.—The following acts constitute the

offense of cybercrime punishable under this Act:

xxx

34 DIGITAL DEVICES
Lesson 3

c. Content-related Offenses:

xxx

(1) Cybersex.—The willful engagement, maintenance, control or

operation, directly or indirectly, of any lascivious exhibition of
sexual organs or sexual activity, with the aid of a computer system,
for favor or consideration.”

3. XXX has wilfully and voluntarily engaged in lascivious exhibition of

her sexual organs online in exchange for money.
4. Said opinion is based on appreciation of facts as narrated by the letter
sender and could change when facts changed or elaborated.

ONLINE SAFETY
To protect yourself online, do the following:

Log off and clear your browsing history. Doing this can prevent identity theft
when you are using public computers. Failing to log off your account could
mean the next person to use the computer can access your account. Clearing
your browsing history is an extra layer of protection for you.

DIGITAL DEVICES 35
 Lesson 3

What’s even better is using incognito

window when using public computers.
This way, the browser will not save the
browsing history, the site data or even the
information you have entered on online
forms.

Don’t overshare. Think before filling out

online forms. Also, evaluate carefully the
information needed. Be cautious to whom
you are giving your personal data. You
don’t have to reveal everything about you.
You must always be a good evaluator of
what’s dangerous and what’s not.

Don’t use free Wi-Fi. As much as possible

avoid registering on free public Wi-Fi.

Be cautious. Not all that is free is safe.

Review & secure your social media

accounts. Choose the accounts that
you need most. Create passwords
that are hard to break and always
update it. As much as possible, the
passwords should be strong, so don’t
include your personal information.

Your password should be a combination of numbers and letters (i.e., capital

and small letters).

36 DIGITAL DEVICES
Lesson 3

Beware of unfamiliar e-mail addresses. If you think that the e-mail is

malicious, do not try to open anymore. Instead, delete or block that e-mail
address, then update your password. This is an important thing to do.

Some email services also provide a way to report these, so if it’s available, make
sure to report before deleting the email and blocking the sender.

Customize your privacy. Look for your

social media accounts setting that will
help you become private online. Only
connect with people that you know.

This will prevent attacks from people

who might be targeting you as their next
victim.

Be keen and very careful about friend

requests from people you don't know.

Handle your finances carefully. If you can, do your financial transactions

directly with physical banks, payment center, etc. as much as possible. This
is the safest way to deal with your finances.

DIGITAL DEVICES 37
 Lesson 3

Advantages and Disadvantages of

Using Mobile Devices

Advantages

The following advantages of mobile devices make them fundamental

accessories if not necessities.

1. Connectivity. Mobile phones

technology have made the world
a small village. With one of them
in your pocket, as long as it is on,
you can connect with your family
and friends, in whatever part of the
globe they may be.

Thanks to its call and text function,

chat/audio/video call function
using messenger and the like, you will remain connected as long as
and as often as you wish.

2. Entertainment. Waiting for someone? Going anywhere? Or just simply

taking time out? Your smartphone has always been able to provide

38 DIGITAL DEVICES
Lesson 3

entertainment for you. As long as you have downloaded and installed

games and apps on it, it’s like carrying an entertainment showcase
with you.

3. Safety. Your smartphone can offer some measure of safety for you. Your
phone’s GPRS can help you in times of difficulty like getting lost on your
way to a place or getting kidnapped.
Its GPRS function will help you
find your way to the place where
you are going, or it could help your
parents and the authorities locate
you in case you get kidnapped. So,
keep your GPRS on when going
somewhere.

4. Alarm & reminder. You can

manage a to-do list using your
mobile phone’s reminder option. If you are planning to wake up early
in the morning, you can set the alarm with a volume and notification
sound of choice. This will help you wake up early enough and avoid
being late for your meeting, class, or any scheduled activity.

5. Data transfer. In this day and

age, with a mobile phone,
you don’t have to send your
credentials, videos, photos,
or even documents through
the post office anymore.

With a few button presses or screen touching on your smartphone,

your data transfer will be sent and received within a few seconds across
the globe.

DIGITAL DEVICES 39
 Lesson 3

6. Various utilities. Your phone is not only a call, an entertainment, or

a data transfer gadget. It can also be a flashlight, a recording device, a
data storage, a calculator, a calendar, a camera, and many others.

Disadvantages

Mobile devices might seem to be indispensable communication gadgets,

but there are disadvantages attached to their usage.

40 DIGITAL DEVICES
Lesson 3

1. Disruptions. This can happen in many ways. A few good examples

would be:

A. Your phone going off loudly while you are in a meeting or

inside a theater.
B. Your lunch date keeps texting or chatting on his/her phone
instead of engaging in conversation with you.
C. You are at a family dinner but your Mom had to go because
she received an important call from work.

Disruptions like these are annoying and frustrating.

2. Distraction. Mobile phones can distract you from what you are
currently doing. Senders of text messages or chat messages get annoyed
when you don’t respond to their message immediately. So, whenever
your phone notification goes off, you stop what you are doing to attend
to the incoming message or call.

3. Isolation. It’s true that mobile phones make people connected to the
world. But if not used carefully, it can isolate you from family and
people around you.

4. Health problems. Late night chats and

mobile phone games playing on bright
screen could result to eye problems.

Chatting and playing mobile phone

games up until the wee hours of the
morning can cause sleep deprivation,
which in turn causes chronic fatigue
during the day. The bright screen glare
of mobile phones can cause eye strain
which could later become an eye problem. Network waves can result
in some skin cancers and infertility.

DIGITAL DEVICES 41
 Lesson 3

5. Constant spending. The mobile

phone industry is constantly churning
out upgraded phone models that
make smartphone enthusiasts buy
new models. And these new upgraded
models don’t come cheap. Thus,
constant upgrading of phone means
constant spending on top of the
airtime credit and internet charges
that you need to pay for.

42 DIGITAL DEVICES
 lesson 3
Sharpening Your Skills
Write down your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

I. Directions. What will you do if these things happen to you?

1. You received a text message from

an unknown number asking
you to provide your personal
information in exchange of a big
amount of cash prize.

2. Someone stole your identity

and used it to commit a
serious crime.

CRITERIA SCORE
CONTENT
Ideas are on point, well-developed, and are expressed 10%
in own words. Conclusion is strong.
ORGANIZATION
Transition of ideas is smooth. All details given are 10%
relevant.
TOTAL 20%

DIGITAL DEVICES 43
 Lesson 3

II. Directions: When does using mobile devices become an advantage and a
disadvantage? Follow the format of the table below in writing your answers.

44 DIGITAL DEVICES
 lesson 3
TREADING THE road to mastery
Directions: List down your realizations in practicing safe and ethical use of
mobile devices. As a learner, how is it helpful to you? Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

CRITERIA SCORE
CONTENT
Ideas are on point, well-developed, and are expressed 10%
in own words. Conclusion is strong.
ORGANIZATION
Transition of ideas is smooth. All details given are 10%
relevant.
TOTAL 20%

DIGITAL DEVICES 45
 MODULE 6
Don’t Forget

“ • Mobile devices are small and lightweight devices

that are designed for people who need to accomplish
tasks wherever they are.

• Mobile devices are also referred to as handheld devices.

• A smartphone works like a computer in the way it can
store applications. It can be used for making phone
calls and sending text messages.

• There are different kinds of mobile devices and they

have different uses.

• We must always think about our security and safety

even in using mobile devices.

• Phishing is a method of trying to gather personal

information using deceptive emails and websites.

• Identity theft is when someone steals your identity

and uses it to commit crimes.
“
• Cyber law is a legal system that deals with activities
over the internet.

46 DIGITAL DEVICES
 MODULE 6
Reach The Top
Directions. Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. What will you do if you see one of your friends posted her newly
claimed government ID in social media?

A. I will share it on my profile.

B. I will advise her to delete her post.
C. I will tag others to give comments about it.

2. What crime is committed when someone’s identity is stolen online and

is used to commit a crime?

A. Phishing B. Identity Theft C. Cyber Libel

3. How can you say that something is a mobile device?

A. It works like a computer, but it is small and lightweight.

B. It is bulky, but useful.
C. It is useful but can’t be used without an electricity.

4. Which of the following is not a use of smartwatch?

A. Navigation B. Music player C. Gaming

5. Which among these devices are best used for sending emails?

A. Smartwatch
B. Laptop
C. Smartphone
D. Digital calculator
E. Tablet

DIGITAL DEVICES 47
 MODULE 6

6. What crime is committed when someone poses as a representative of

a legitimate company and sends email to the victim in order to obtain
sensitive information such as usernames, passwords and credit card
details?

A. Identity Theft B. Cyber Law C. Phishing

7. Why is it important to know the cyber law?

A. So I can protect and defend myself and loved ones from

cybercrime attacks.
B. So I can boast about how knowledgable I am when it comes to
cyber law.
C. So I can fight cybercrimes.

8. Which of the following uses of mobile devices allows you to listen to

a recording at a later time?

A. Audio recording B. Screen recording C. Video recording

9. Most of the people who do not own laptops are gaining benefits from
this feature.

A. Document viewer
B. Music player
C. Multimedia messaging

10. Which of the following features of mobile device can help you find
your way to a specific place?

A. GPA B. GPP C. GPS

11. Which of the following mobile device was created for warehouse and
field personnel?

A. Enterprise Digital Assistant

48 DIGITAL DEVICES
MODULE 6

B. Personal Digital Assistant

C. Tablet Computer

12. Which of the following mobile device was created for sending fax?

A. Enterprise Digital Assistant

B. Personal Digital Assistant
C. Tablet Computer

13. Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 is also called .

A. R.A. 10173 B. R.A. 10174 C. R.A. 10175

14. How many years of jail term would an offender serve if he/she is found
guilty of cybersex crime?

A. 6 years and one day to 12 years

B. 10 years and one day to 18 years
C. Lifetime

15. It is a disadvantage in using smartphones since it keeps you from

engaging into meaningful face to face conversation with the people
around you because all you do is use your phone in chatting, surfing,
and playing.

A. Distraction B. Disruptions C. Isolation

DIGITAL DEVICES 49
 glossary

Cautious Being careful to avoid potential problems

Ethical Thinking and doing the right thing

Short for Global Positioning System, an accurate

GPS
worldwide navigational and surveying facility
based on the reception of signals from an array
of orbiting satellites.

The characteristics determining who or what a

Identity
person or thing is

Innovation Refers to a new method or idea.

A computer that is portable and suitable for use

Laptop
while traveling.

A portable computing device such as a smartphone

Mobile Device
or tablet computer.

Offender Refers to a person who commits an illegal act

Operating System It is a software that communicates with the

(OS) hardware and allows other programs to run.
Mobile devices, such as tablets and smartphones
also include operating systems that provide a GUI
and can run applications.

52 DIGITAL DEVICES
glossary
An electronic device, usually worn on one’s
Pager
person, that receives messages and signals the
user by beeping or vibrating.

A mobile phone that performs many of the

Smartphone
functions of a computer

Storage Also called Memory

A series of operating systems developed by

Windows OS
Microsoft. Each version of Windows includes
a graphical user interface, with a desktop that
allows users to view files and folders in windows.

DIGITAL DEVICES 53
 references
GCF Global. Computer Basics- Mobile Devices, Available at:
https://edu.gcfglobal.org/en/computerbasics/mobile-
devices/1/ (Accessed: October 5, 2019).

Lifewire (October 23, 2019) What is a mobile device?, Available at:

https://www.lifewire.com/what-is-a-mobile-device-2373355
(Accessed: October 28, 2019).

Renee Kelley (2018). Ethics and Technology, Available at:

https://ethicsandtechnology.weebly.com/cell-phones.html
(Accessed: October 30, 2019).

Search Mobile Computing (October 2019) Wireless and Mobile,

Available at: https://searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.
com/definition/smartphone (Accessed: October 5, 2019).

54 DIGITAL DEVICES
The development and printing of this learning resource was made possible
with the cooperation of Asia Pacific College. This is a component of the project
“Better Life for Out-of-School Girls to Fight Against Poverty and Injustice in the
Philippines” implemented by UNESCO Office, Jakarta in partnership with the
Department of Education. This initiative received a generous financial support
from Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA).

For inquiries, please contact:

Department of Education, Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd BLR)

Office Address : Ground Floor, Bonifacio Building, DepEd Complex,

Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600
Telefax : +63-2-8631-1072; +63-2-8634-1054; +63-2-8631-4985
Email Address : [email protected]; [email protected]