10th maths study material for slow learners

Day1 −
⇒-√ =
1. Write Euclid’s division algorithm?
−
A. Given positive integers a and b ,there exists ⇒ √ =
unique pair of integers q and r satisfying ⇒ √ = rational
a=bq+r, where 0≤ r < b. ⇒ this is contradiction.
………………………………………………………
Hence 5-√ is irrational.
2. Use Euclid’s division algorithm to find the
HCF of 96 and 72? ………………………………………………….
A. a = b q + r 7. Show that 3√ is irrational.?
96 = 72x1+24 A. let 3√ be irrational.
⇒3√ =
72 = 24x3 + 0
⇒ √ =
HCF(96,72) = 24.
⇒√ = rational
………………………………………………... ⇒ this is contradiction.
3. Use Euclid’s division algorithm to find the Hence 3√ is irrational .
HCF of 900 and 270? …………………………………………………
A. a = b q + r
8. Expand log ?
900 = 270x3+ 90
A. log = log 343 – log 125
270 = 90x3 + 0
= log 73 - log 53
HCF(96,72) = 90. = 3log7 - 3 log5.
………………………………………………… ………………………………………………..
4. State The Fundamental Theorem Of Arithmetic? 9. Expand log ?
A. Every composite number can be expressed as A. log = log 128 – log 625
a product of primes. = log 27 - log 54
………………………………………………….
= 7log2 - 4 log5.
5. Find the LCM and the HCF of 72,108?
A. ………………………………………………..
72 = 2x36 108 = 2x54 10. Determine log ?
= 2x2x18 =2x2x27 A. log = log
=2x2x2x9 = 2x2x3x9 = 9 log
=2x2x2x3x3 = 2x2x3x3x3 = 9x1
= 23 x 32 = 22 x 33
= 9.
LCM(72,108) = 23 X 33 =8x27 =216
HCF(72,108) = 22 x 32 = 4x9 =36. ………………………………………………
…………………………………………………. Day3
Day 2 11. write {3,6,9,12} in set – builder form?
6.Show that 5-√ is irrational.? A. {3,6,9,12} = {3(1), 3(2), 3(3),3(4)}
A. let 5-√ be rational = {3x/ x � N, x ≤ 4}
⇒5-√ = ………………………………………………
⇒ -√ = -5

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12. write {5,25,125,625} in set – builder form? = {2,3,5,7}
A. {5,25,125,625} = {51,52,53,54} = B.
= {5x / x � N, x ≤ 4} …………………………………………………..
………………………………………………….
20. If A = {2, 3, 5}, find A ∪ φ and φ ∪ A and
13. Write the following in roster and set builder forms.
(i) The set of all natural numbers which divide 42.
compare.?
(ii) The set of natural numbers which are less than 10. A. A ∪ φ = {2, 3, 5} U { }
A. let A be set of all natural numbers which divide 42. = {2, 3, 5}
A = {1,2,3,6,7,14,21,42} = A.
A = { x/ x is natural numbers which divide 42} φ ∪ A = { } U {2, 3, 5}
Let B set of natural numbers which are less than 10. = {2, 3, 5}
B = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} = A.
B = {x : x is a natural number less than 10} ………………………………………………
……………………………………………………. Day5
14. B = {x : x + 5 = 5} is not an empty set. Why?
21. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4 ,5}; B = {4, 5, 6, 7}then
A. x+5=5
x = 5-5 find A – B and B – A. Are they equal?
x= 0 A. A – B = {1, 2, 3, 4 ,5} - {4, 5, 6, 7}
B = {0} is not an empty set = {1,2,3}
………………………………………………... B – A = {4, 5, 6, 7} - {1, 2, 3, 4 ,5}
15. List all the subsets of {x, y, z}? = {6,7}
A. { }, {x},{y},{z},{x,y},{y,z},{z,x},{x,y,z} Hence A – B ≠ B – A
…………………………………………………
…………………………………………………
Day4
16. List all the subsets of {1,4,9,16}? 22. A = {0, 2, 4}, find A ∩ φ and A ∩ A. Comment.
A. { },{1},{4},{9},{16},{1,4},{1,9},{1,16}, A. A ∩ φ = {0, 2, 4} ∩ { }
{4,9},{4,16},{9,16},{1,4,9},{1,9,16},{4,9,16}, ={ }
{1,4,16},{1,4,9,16}. =φ
………………………………………………… A ∩ A = {0, 2, 4} ∩ {0,2,4 }
17. Let A = {2, 5, 6, 8} and B = {5, 7, 9, 1}. = {0, 2, 4}
Find A ∪ B and B ∪ A.? = A.
A. A ∪ B = {2, 5, 6, 8} U {5, 7, 9, 1} ……………………………………………………..
= { 1,2,5,6,7,8,9} 23. Check whether the given pair of equations
B ∪ A = {5, 7, 9, 1} U {2, 5, 6, 8} represent intersecting, parallel or coincident
= { 1,2,5,6,7,8,9}
lines. 2x + y - 5 = 0 and 3x - 2y - 4 = 0?
Hence A ∪ B = B ∪ A
A.. 2x + y - 5 = 0 and 3x - 2y - 4 = 0
……………………………………………….. −
18. Find A ∩ B and B ∩ A when A = {5, 6, 7, 8} = =
−
=
−
and B = {7, 8, 9, 10} ?
A. A ∩ B = {5, 6, 7, 8} ∩ {7, 8, 9, 10} Since ≠
= { 7,8} therefore they are intersecting lines .
B ∩ A = {7, 8, 9, 10} ∩ {5, 6, 7, 8}
= { 7,8} hence, they have unique solution.
Hence A ∩ B = B ∩ A . ………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………. 24.write the general form of linear equation in
19. A={1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}; B ={2,3,5,7}. two variables?
Find A ∩ B and show that A ∩ B = B. ? A. ax + by + c =0.
A. A ∩ B ={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}∩ {2,3,5,7}

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25. Check whether the following pair of equations is =
consistent. 3x + 4y = 2 and 6x + 8y = 4.? �
A. 3x + 4y - 2 = 0 k = 2x
6x+8y - 4 = 0 k = 6
−
= = = = = = ………………………………………………….
−
Day 7
Since = = 31. Find the 10th term of the AP : 5, 1, –3, –7 . . .?
They are coincident lines. A. Here, a = 5, d = 1 – 5 = – 4 and n = 10.
We have an = a + (n – 1) d
They have infinitely many solutions.
a10 = 5 + (10 – 1) (–4)
……………………………………………………. = 5 – 36
Day6 = –31
27. Check whether the equations 2x-3y = 5 and 4x- …………………………………………………….
6y = 15 are consistent? 32.Which term of the AP : 21, 18, 15, . . . is – 81?
A. 4x-6y - 15 = 0 A.Here, a = 21, d = 18 – 21 = – 3
2x-3y - 5 = 0 an = – 81
− − a + ( n – 1) d = -81
= = = = = = 21 + (n – 1)(– 3) = -81
− −
24 – 3n = -81
Since = ≠ – 3n = -81-24
They are parallel lines. – 3n = -105
−
They have no solutions. n = −
……………………………………………………… n = 35.
28. For what value of 'p' the following pair of ……………………………………………………..
equations has a unique solution. 2x + py = - 5 and 3x 33. In a flower bed, there are 23 rose plants in the
+ 3y = - 6? first row, 21 in the second, 19 in the third, and so on.
A. 2x + py = - 5 and 3x + 3y = - 6 There are 5 rose plants in the last row. How many
rows are there in the flower bed?
We have ≠
A. 23, 21, 19, . . ., 5 AP.
≠ Then a = 23, d = 21 – 23 = – 2,
an = 5
p ≠ x3 a + (n – 1) d = 5
23 + (n – 1)(– 2) = 5
p ≠ 2 (n – 1)(– 2) = 5 – 23
…………………………………………………. (n – 1) = -18/-2
29. Find the value of 'k' for which the pair of n = 9+1
equations 2x - ky + 3 = 0, 4x + 6y - 5 =0 represent n = 10.
parallel lines.? So, there are 10 rows in the flower bed.
A. 2x - ky + 3 = 0, 4x + 6y - 5 =0 ……………………………………………………..
We have = 34. Find the distance between two points A(4, 2) and
B(8, 6)?
−�
= A. x1 = 4, x2 = 8, y1 = 3, y2 = 6
AB = √ − + −
k = x -6
=√ − + −
k = -3
=√ +
…………………………………………………..
30. For what value of 'k', the pair of equation 3x + 4y =√ +
+ 2 = 0 and 9x + 12y + k = 0 represent coincident =√
lines.? = 5 units.
A. 3x + 4y + 2 = 0 and 9x + 12y + k = 0 ………………………………………………………
We have = =

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35. Find the centroid of the triangle whose vertices Day9
are (3, −5), (−7, 4), (10, −2) respectively.? 40.Write the properties of the similar triangles?
− + − + − A. Two triangles are similar if
A. G = ( , )
− (i) All the corresponding angles are equal and
= ( , ) (ii) All the corresponding sides are in the same ratio.
= ( 2 , -1) ……………………………………………………
………………………………………………………. 41. State Basic Proportionality theorem?
Day8 A. If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle
36. Find the area of a triangle whose vertices are to intersect the other two sides in distinct points, then
(1, −1), (−4, 6) and (−3, −5).? the other two sides are divided in the same ratio.
− − ……………………………………………………..
A. ∆ = | |
− − − 42. State the converse of Basic Proportionality
= | − − − + − − − − + theorem?
− − − − | A. If a line divides two sides of a triangle in the same
= | − + + + + | ratio, then the line is parallel to the third side.
……………………………………………………..
= x 48 43. State Pythagoras theorem?
= 24 sq.units. A. In a right triangle, the square of hypotenuse is
………………………………………………………. equal to the sum of the squares of the other two
37. The end points of a line are (2, 3), (4, 5). Find the sides.
slope of the line.? ………………………………………………………
A. Here x1 = 2 , y1 = 3 , x2 = 4 , y2 = 5 44. State the converse of Pythagoras theorem?
− A. In a triangle if square of one side is equal to the
Slope m = −
−
sum of squares of the other two sides, then the angle
= − opposite to the first side is a right angle and the
= triangle is a right angled triangle.
……………………………………………………..
= 1.
Day10
………………………………………………………
45. A ladder 25m long reaches a window of building
38. Determine x so that 2 is the slope of the line
20m above the ground. Determine the distance of the
through P(2, 5) and Q(x, 3)?
foot of the ladder from the building.?
A. Here x1 = 2 , y1 = 5 , x2 = x , y2 = 3 A. A
−
Slope m = − = 2
− 20 25
−
= 2
-2 = 2 (x-2)
− = x-2 C B
-1+2 = x In ΔABC, ∠C = 90°
x =1 ⇒ AB2 = AC2 + BC2 (by Pythagoras theorem)
…………………………………………………… 252 = 202 + BC2
39. The points (3, −2) (−2, 8) and (0, 4) are three BC2 = 625 − 400 = 225
points in a plane. Show that these points are BC = √ = 15m
collinear.? …………………………………………………….
− 46. ABC is an isosceles triangle right angled at C.
A. ∆ = | |
− − Prove that AB2 = 2AC2.?
= | − − − + − − + A. In ΔABC, ∠C = 90° and AC=BC
− − | ⇒ AB2 = AC2 + BC2 (by Pythagoras theorem)
= − − − + − ⇒ AB2 = AC2 + AC2
⇒ AB2 = 2AC2
= x0 …………………………………………………
= 0 sq.units.
Hence the three points are collinear.

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47. Two poles of heights 6m and 11m stand on a =√ −
plane ground. If the distance between the feet of the =√
poles is 12m find the distance between their tops.? = 12cm.
A. A ………………………………………………………
Day11
5 51. Prove that the tangents to a circle at the end
points of a diameter are parallel.?
A.
B 12 C l A

OOO
6 6
m B
D 12 E Given AB is a diameter.
l , m are tangents at A and B.
In ΔABC, ∠B = 90° There fore l ⊥ AB and m ⊥ AB
⇒ AC2 = AB2 + BC2 (by Pythagoras theorem) Hence l ‖ m.
⇒AC2 = 52 + 122 …………………………………………………
⇒AC2 = 25 + 144 52. prove that The lengths of tangents drawn from
⇒AC2 = 169 an external point to a circle are equal.?
⇒AC = 13m. A.
……………………………………………………… A
48. ΔABC ~ ΔDEF and their areas are respectively
64cm2 and 121 cm2. If EF = 15.4 cm., then find BC. O P
A. ΔABC ~ ΔDEF
Δ
⇒ Δ
=
B
⇒ = Given PA and PB are tangents to a circle.
.
⇒ = In triangles AOP , BOP
. AO = BO (radii)
⇒ BC = X 15.4 PO = PO (common)
⇒ BC = . cm ∠A = ∠B = 900
……………………………………………………. Hence ∆AOP ≡ ∆BOP
49. Find the length of the tangent to a circle with Hence PA = PB (cpct)
centre ‘O’ and radius = 6 cm. from a point P such
…………………………………………………..
that OP = 10 cm.?
53. Two concentric circles are radii 5 cm and 3cm
A. Given r = 6 cm
are drawn. Find the length of the chord of the larger
d = 10cm
circle which touches the smaller circle.?
The length of the tangent = √� − � A.
=√ −
=√ −
=√
= 8cm. O
……………………………………………………….
50. Calculate the length of tangent from a point 15
A P B
cm. away from the centre of a circle of radius 9 cm.?
A.Given r = 9cm
d = 15cm Given OA = 5cm , OP = 3cm
The length of the tangent = √� − � Since ∆AOP is right triangle,
AP2 = OA2 - OP2
=√ −

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 AP2 = 52 – 32 58. A box contains 3 blue, 2 white, and 4 red
AP2 = 25 – 9 = 16 marbles. If a marble is drawn at random from the
AP = 4cm box, what is the probability that it will be (i) white?
Since OP bisects AB,
AP = PB (ii) blue? (iii) red?
AB = AP+PB A. S= { 3blue, 2white, 4 red marbles}
AB = 2AP n(S) = 3+2+4 = 9
n(white) = 2, n(blue) = 3, n(red) = 4
AB = 2X4 = 8cm. n w
………………………………………………… p(white) = n =
54. Find the probability of getting a head when a n bl
p(blue) = n
=
coin is tossed once. Also find the probability of
n r
getting a tail.? p(red) = =
n
A. S = { H, T} ⇒ n(S) = 2 …………………………………………………….
⇒ n(H) = 1 59. A bag contains 3 red balls and 5 black balls. A
⇒ n(T) = 1 ball is drawn at random from the bag. What is the
n
∴ P(H) = = probability that the ball drawn is (i) red ? (ii) not
n
n red?
∴ P(T) = = A. n(S) = 3+5=8
n
…………………………………………………….. n ( R) = 3 and n(B) =5
55. A bag contains a red ball, a blue ball and an n
p (R) = =
yellow ball, all the balls being of the same size. n

Manasa takes out a ball from the bag without p (notR) = 1 - p (R)
looking into it. What is the probability that she takes = 1-
a (i) yellow ball? (ii) red ball? (iii) blue ball? =
A. S = { R, B, Y} ⇒ n(S) = 3
⇒ n(R) = 1 ………………………………………………………
60. A box contains 5 red marbles, 8 white marbles
⇒ n(B) = 1
and 4 green marbles. One marble is taken out of the
⇒ n(Y) = 1
n box at random. What is the probability that the
∴ P(R) = n = marble taken out will be (i) red? (ii) white ? (iii) not
n green?
∴ P(B) = n =
A. n(S) = 5+8+4=17
n Y
∴ P(Y) = n = n ( R) = 5 , n(W) =8, n ( G) = 4
n
…………………………………………………… p (R) = n =
Day 12 n W
p (W) = n =
56.If P(E) = 0.05, what is the probability of 'not E'?
n
A. Given P(E) = 0.05 p (G) = n =
P(not E) = 1 - P(E)
= 1 - 0.05 p (not G) = 1- p (G) = 1- =
= 0.95 ……………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………. Day13
57. A bag contains lemon flavoured candies only. 61. write formula for mean of grouped data by Step-
Malini takes out one candy without looking into the deviation method.?
bag. What is the probability that she takes out (i) an A. Mean = a + � � � x h
orange flavoured candy? (ii) a lemon flavoured � �

candy? a = assumed mid value

A. The probability of an orange flavoured candy is �� = i th class frequency
0, because this is impossible event. h = size of the class
−
The probability of a lemon flavoured candy is 1 , �� = �ℎ
because this is sure event. � = class mark.
………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………

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62. The wickets taken by a bowler in 10 cricket Surface area of conical tent = πrl
matches are as follows: 2, 6, 4, 5, 0, 2, 1, 3, 2, 3. = x 7x 12.2
Find the mode of the data.?
= 22 x 12.2
A. Given 0, 1, 2,2,2,3,3,4,5,6
= 268.4 sq.m
Mode = 2.
the width of the canvas = 2m
……………………………………………………..
63.Write the formula for mode ? Length of canvas = � ℎ
− .
A. Mode = � + − − x h =
Where l = lower boundary of the modal class, = 134.2m
h = size of the modal class interval, ………………………………………………………
f1 = frequency of the modal class, 67. A sphere, a cylinder and a cone are of the same
f0 = frequency of the class preceding the modal class, radius and same height. Find the ratio of their curved
f2 = frequency of the class succeeding the modal surface areas?
class. A.
……………………………………………………….
64. Write the formula for median?
�
−
A. Median = � + xh
Where l = lower boundary of median clas,
n = number of observations, Radius of sphere = r and h = 2r
cf = cumulative frequency of class preceding the Radius of cylinder = r and h = 2r
median class, Radius of cone = r and h = 2r
f = frequency of median class, Slant height l = √� + ℎ
h = class size = √� + � = √ �
…………………………………………………… The ratio of their curved surface areas =
65. Define “ogive”? 4π r2 : 2πrh : πrl
A. we plot the lower boundaries on the X-axis = 4π r2 : 2πr(2r) : πr(√ �
and the corresponding greater than cumulative = 4 : 4 : √
frequencies on the Y-axis. Then we plot the points ……………………………………………………
(lower boundaries, corresponding cumulative 68. Find the volume and surface area of a sphere of
frequency), on a graph paper, and join them by a free radius 2.1cm?
hand smooth curve. The curve we get is a greater A. Surface area of sphere = 4πr2
than cumulative frequency curve, or an ogive (of the
more than type). = 4x x 2.1x2.1
(or) = 55.44sq.cm
we plot the upper boundaries on the X-axis Volume of sphere = πr 3

and the corresponding less than cumulative

frequencies on the Y-axis. Then we plot the points = x x 2.1x2.1x2.1
(upper boundaries, corresponding cumulative = 38.808 cm3
frequency), on a graph paper, and join them by a free ……………………………………………………..
hand smooth curve. The curve we get is a less than 69. Find the volume and the total surface area of a
cumulative frequency curve, or an ogive (of the less hemisphere of radius 3.5 cm.?
than type). A. Given r = 3.5 = cm
…………………………………………………….
Volume of hemisphere = πr3
Day 14
66. The radius of a conical tent is 7 meters and its = x x
height is 10 meters. Calculate the length of canvas = 89.83cm3
used in making the tent if width of canvas is 2m.? Total surface area = 3πr2
A. Given r = 7m, h = 10m
=3x x
∴ � = √� + ℎ
= 115.5 cm2
= √ +
= √ = 12.2m

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Day15 = { 1,3,5,7…………………..}
1. Prove that √2 is irrational.? D = {x : x is a prime number}
A. Let √2 be rational. = { 2,3,5,7,………………}
⇒ √2 = ( p,q are co-primes) A ∩ B = { 2,4,6,8,…………………}
A ∩ C = { 1,3,5,7…………………..}
⇒ √2 q = p A ∩ D = { 2,3,5,7,………………}
⇒ √2 q)2 = p2 B∩C= { }
⇒ q =p 2 2 B ∩ D = { 2}
⇒ divides p 2 C ∩ D = { 3,5,7,………………}
⇒ divides p …………………………………………………….
⇒ let p = r 4. If A = {3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21}; B = {4, 8, 12,
⇒ q = (2r)
2 2 16, 20} C = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16}; D =
⇒ q = 4r
2 2 {5, 10, 15, 20} find (i) A – B (ii) A – C (iii)
⇒ q = 2r
2 2 A – D (iv) B – A (v) C – A (vi) D – A (vii) B
⇒2 divides q 2 – C (viii) B – D (ix) C – B (x) D – B?
⇒ divides q A. A = {3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21};
Hence p and q have common factor 2 B = {4, 8, 12, 16, 20}
It is contradiction because p,q are co- C = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16};
primes D = {5, 10, 15, 20}
Hence √2 is irrational . A – B = {3, 6, 9, 15, 18, 21}
…………………………………………….. A – C = {3, 9, 15, 18, 21}
A – D = {3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 21}
2. Prove that √3 is irrational.?
B – A = {4, 8, 16, 20}
A. Let √3 be rational. C – A = {2, 4, 8, 10, 14, 16}
⇒ √3 = ( p,q are co-primes) D – A = {5, 10, 20}
⇒ √3 q = p B – C = { 20}
⇒ √3 q) = p2 2 B – D = {4, 8, 12, 16, }
⇒ q2 = p 2 C – B = {2, 6, 10, 14, }
⇒ divides p2 D – B = {5, 10, 15, }
⇒ divides p ……………………………………………………….
⇒ let p = r Day 17
⇒ q2 = (3r)2 5. Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial x2 +
7x + 10, and verify the relationship between the
⇒ q2 = 9r2
zeroes and the coefficients.?
⇒ q2 = 3r2
A. Given x2 + 7x + 10 = x2 + 2x + 5x + 10
⇒ divides q2
= x(x+2) + 5(x+2)
⇒ divides q
= (x+2)(x+5)
Hence p and q have common factor 3
∴ -2,-5 are zeroes of x2 + 7x + 10 .
It is contradiction because p,q are co-
Here a = 1, b = 7, c = 10 and
primes
= -2 , = -5.
Hence √3 is irrational . − −
…………………………………………….. ∴ + = -2 -5 = -7 = =
Day16 ∴ . = -2 x -5 = 10 = =
3. If A = {x : x is a natural number} …………………………………………………….
B = {x : x is an even natural number} 6.Find a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product
C = {x : x is an odd natural number} of whose zeroes are – 3 and 2, respectively.?
D = {x : x is a prime number} A. Given + = -3 and . = 2
Find A ∩ B, A ∩ C, A ∩ D, B ∩ C, B ∩ D, C ∩ D.? Required quadratic polynomial is
A. A = {x : x is a natural number} = x2 + ( + ) x + .
= { 1,2,3,4,……………….} = x2 -3x + 2.
B = {x : x is an even natural number} ………………………………………………………
= { 2,4,6,8,…………………}
C = {x : x is an odd natural number}

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