HEAT TRANSFER:

1. The heat transfer across a 5” wall of firebrick is 500 W/m 2. If the surface temperature on cold side is 30oC and thermal conductivity
of brick is 0.7 Btu/hr-ft-oF, find the temperature on hot side.
A. 82.41oC B. 65.37oC C. 73.45oC D. 87.25oC
2. Two walls of a storage plant composed of insulating material (k = 0.25 KJ/hr-m-oC) with 15 cm thick and concrete (k = 3.2382 KJ/hr-
m-oC) with 10 cm thick. The surface temperature on hot side is 35oC and coldside is -10oC. If the area is 8 m square, find the
temperature between walls. Note: Insulating material is on cold side.
A. 28.34oC B. 34.12oC C. 32.79oC D. -7.78oC
3. Determine the thermal conductivity of a material that is used a 4 m2 test panel, 25 mm thick with a
temperature difference of 20oF between surfaces. During the 4 hrs of test period, the heat transmitted is 500 KJ.
A. 0.0432 W/m-oC B. 0.0723 W/m-oC C. 0.0321 W/m-oC D. 0.0195 W/m-oC
o
4. Steam initially is saturated at 250 C passed through a 12 cm steel pipe for a total distance of 200 m. The steam line is insulated
with material having k = 10 W/m2-K and thickness of 6 cm. The ambient temperature of 25oC. Determine the surface film conductance
of air if the moisture at the discharge end is 10% and steam rate is 0.13 kg/s.
A. 0.124 W/m2-oC B. 0.872 W/m2-oC C. 0.661 W/m2-oC D. 0.452 W/m2-oC
o
5. At an average temperature of 110 C, hot air flows through a 5 m pipe with outside diameter of 80 mm and pipe thickness is 1 cm.
The temperature of the tube along its entire length is 24oC. If heat transfer is 650 W,find the convective film coefficient, W/m2-oC .
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
6. A tank contains liquid nitrogen at -190oC is suspended in a vacuum shell by three stainless steel rods 0.80 cm in diameter and 3
meters long with a thermal conductivity of 16.3 W/m-oC. If the ambient air outside the vacuum shell is 25oC, calculate the magnitude
of the conductive heat flow in watts along the support rods.
A. 0.143 B. 0.0587 C. 0.182 D. 0.176
7. A composite furnace is to be constructed. The inside wall temperature is 1300oC while the outside wall temperature is 40oC. Three
types of bricks are available with the following properties:
Brick Thermal Thickness Maximum allowable
Conductivity temperature
(W/moK) (meters) (oC)
A 1.5 0.12 2000
B 0.2 0.070 1000
C 0.7 0.10 500
2
The heat loss must not exceed 800W/m . Calculate the minimum wall thickness in meters.
A. 0.76 B. 0.88 C. 0.82 D. 0.77
8. The surface of a furnace wall is at a temperature of 1350oC. The outside wall temperature is 42oC. The furnace wall is made of 25
cm of refractory material having a thermal conductivity of 1.4 W/moK. The
outside wall is steel, 1 cm thick with thermal conductivity of 47 W/moK. Calculate the thickness in meters ofbrick to be installed in
between the refractory material and steel if its thermal conductivity is 0.28 W/moK and the heat loss is not to exceed 750 W/m2.
A. 0.438 B. 0.402 C. 0.481 D. 0.513
9. A counterflow heat exchanger is designed to cool 0.65 kg/sec of oil with specific heat C p = 3.4 KJ/kgoK from 150oC to 70oC. Water
for cooling, Cp = 4.18 KJ/kgoK is available at 20oC and flow rate of 0.6 kg/sec. Calculate the length of a 3.5 cm inside diameter tubing
in meters. The overall coefficient of heat transfer is 90 W/m2 oK.
A. 337 B. 452 C. 296 D. 543
10. A cold soda initially at 2o C gains 18 KJ of heat in a room at 20oC during a 15-minute period. What is the average rate of heat transfer
during the process?
A. 20 W B. 18 W C. 12 W D. 10 W
11. The air contained in a room loses heat to the surroundings at a rate of 50 KJ/min while work is supplied to the room by computer.
TV, and lights at a rate of 1.2 KW. What is the net amount of energy change in KJ of air in the room during a 30-minute period?
A. 0.36 B. 70 C. 660 D. 1100
12. Saturated steam at 500oK flows in a 0.20 m inside diameter, 0.21 m outside diameter pipe. The pipe is covered with 0.08 m of
insulation with a thermal conductivity of 0.10 W/m-K. The pipe’s conductivity is 52W/m-K. The ambient temperature is 300 oK. The
unit convective coefficients are h1 = 18,000 W/m 2-K and ho = 12 W/m2-K. Determine the heat loss from 4 m of pipe.
A. 778.21 watts B. 825.80 watts C. 830.80 watts D. 835.80 watts
13. An insulated steam pipe located where the ambient temperature is 32°C, has an inside diameter of 50 mm with 10 mm thick wall.
The outside diameter of the corrugated asbestos insulation is 125 mm and the surface coefficient of still air, ho = 12 W/m2-K. Inside
the pipe is steam having a temperature of 150°C with film coefficient hi = 6000 W/m2-K. Thermal conductivity of pipe and asbestos
insulation are 45 and 0.12W/m-K respectively. Determine the heat loss per unit length of pipe.
A. 110 W B. 120 W C. 130 W D. 140 W
14. Sea water for cooling enters a condenser at 25oC and leaves at 40oC. The condenser temperature is 45oC, what is the log mean
temperature difference?
A. 16.34oC B. 10.82 oC C. 23.34oC D. 12.34oC
15.The hot combustible gasses of a furnace are separated from the ambient air and its surrounding, which are 28 oC, by a brick wall
120 mm thick. The brick has a thermal conductivity of 1.23 W/m-oK and a surface emissivity of 0.82. At steady state conditions the
outer surface temperature is 120oC. Air surface film conductance is 15 W/m2-oK. What is the total heat transmitted for 20 square
meter area.
A. 42.15 KW B. 23.45 KW C. 45.45 KW D. 52.45 KW
16. A counterflow heat exchanger is designed to heat fuel oil from 26oC to 100oC while the heating fluid enters at 138oC and leaves at
105oC. The fuel oil is 27oAPI and has a specific heat of 2.3 KJ/kg-oK and enters the heat exchanger at the rate of 1000 gallons per hour.
Determine the heating surface area if overall coefficient of heat transfer is 420 Kcal/hr-m2-oK.
A. 4.21 m2 B. 3.12 m2 C. 2.34 m2 D. 5.84 m2
17. A plate-type solar energy collector with an absorbing surface covered by a glass plate is to receive an incident radiation of 800
W/m2. The glass plate has a reflectivity of 0.12 and a transmissivity of 0.80. The absorbing surface has an absorptivity of 0.90. The
area of the collector is 5 m2. How much solar energy in watts is absorbed by the collector?
A. 2500 B. 2880 C. 3510 D. 3168
18. What is the log mean temperature difference in oC of a double-pipe counterflow heat exchanger where a fluid enters at 90oC and
exits at 50oC. Inside the inner pipe another fluid enters at 20oC and exits at 60oC.
A. 0 B. 30 C. 75 D. 35
19. Heat is transferred from hot water to an oil in a double-pipe counterflow heat exchanger. Water enters the outer pipe at 95oC and
exits at 40oC while the oil enters the inner pipe at 25oC and exits at 50oC. Calculate the log mean temperature difference.
A. 38.05 B. 30.83 C. 27.31 D. 52.5
20. The filament of a 100-watt bulb maybe considered a black body radiating into a black enclosure at 80oC. Considering only radiation,
calculate the filament temperature in oC if the filament diameter is 0.10 mm and the length is 6 cm.
A. 2514 B. 2837 C. 3122 D. 2674
21. The surface temperature of the hot side of the furnace wall is 1000°C. it is desired to maintain the outside of the wall at 28°C. A
150mm of refractory silica is used adjacent to the combustion chamber and 5mm of steel covers the outside. What thickness of
insulating bricks is necessary between refractory and steel, if the heat loss should be kept at 768 W/m² use (k=14.2 W/m-K) for
refractory silica, 0.20 for insulating brick, and 45 for steel.

22.The wall of a furnace is made up to 22.86cm firebrick (k=0.15 J/s-m-K), 12.75cm of insulating brick (k=0.08) and 19.05cm of red
brick (k=0.5). the inner and outer surface temperature t1 and t4 of the wall are 815.56°C and 65.50°C respectively. Neglecting the
resistance of mortar joints, compute the rate of heat flows through 5.08cm² of the wall in kilo Watts.

23. A vertical furnace wall is made up of an inner wall of firebrick 20cm thick followed by insulating brick 15cm thick and an outer wall
of steel 1cm thick. The surface temperature of the wall adjacent to the combustion chamber is1250°C while that of the outer surface
of steel is 75°C .the insulating conductivities of the wall material in W/m-K are: firebrick, 10; insulating brick, 0.26; and steel, 45.
Neglecting the film resistance and contact resistances of joints, determine the heat loss per square meter of the wall area in kJ/s-m².

24. One side of refrigerated cold chamber is 6m long by 3.7m high and consists of 168mm thickness of cork between outer and inner
walls of wood. The outer wood wall is 30mm thick and its outside face temperature is 20°C. the inner wood wall is 35mm thick and its
indside face temperature is -3°C. taking the coefficient of thermal conductivity of cork and wood as 0.42 and 0.20 W/m-K respectively.
Calculate the heat transfer per second per square meter area.

25. A cubical tank of 2m sides is constructed of metal plate 12mm and contains water at 75°C. the surrounding air temperature is 16°C.
Calculate the overall heat transfer coefficient from water to air. Take the coefficient of thermal conductivity of metal as 48 W/m-K,
the coefficient of heat transfer of water is 2.5 kW/m²-K and the coefficient of heat transfer of the air is 16 W/m²-K.

26. Hot gasses at 280°C flow one side of metal plate of 10mm thickness and air at 35°C flows on the outer side. The heat transfer
coefficient of the gasses is 31.5 W/m²-K and that of the air is 32 W/m²-K. Calculate the overall transfer coefficient. (k=48W/m-k).

27. A composite wall is made up of an external thickness of brick wall 11cm thick inside which is a layer of fiber glass 75mm thick. The
fiber glass is faced internally by an insulating board 25mm thick. The coefficient of thermal conductivity for the three are as follows:
Brick work 1.5 W/m-K
Fiberglass 0.04 W/m-K
Insulating board 0.06 W/m-K
The surface transfer coefficient of the inside wall is 3.1 W/m²-k while that of the outside wall is 2.5 W/m²-K. Take the internal ambient
temperature as 10°C and the external temperature is 27°C. Determine the heat loss through such wall 6m high and 10m long.
28. Two walls are composed of 100mm thick insulating material at the outer layer (k=0.139W/m-K) and 30cm thick material at the
inner layer (k=1.111W/m-K). Calculate the heat transmitted per m² if the surface temperature of the cold side and hot side are 20°C
and 273°C respectively.

29. Two walls of cold storage plant are composed of an insulating material (k=0.35 kJ/hr-m-°C), 200mm thick at the outer layer and
material (k=2.5 kJ/hr-m-°C), 20cm thick at the inner layer. If the surface temperature at cold side is 40°C and hot side is 350°C, find the
heat transmitted per square meter.

30. Two walls of cold storage plant 6 meter by 2 meter are composed of an insulating material (k=0.44 kJ/hr-m-°C), 200mm thick at
the outer layer and material (k=3.5 kJ/hr-m-°C), 15cm thick at the inner layer. If the surface temperature at cold side is 24°C and hot
side is 125°C, find the heat transmitted in kilo calories per minute.

31.Air at 300°C flows over a plate of dimension 0.5 m by 0.25 m. If the convection heat transfer coefficient is 250𝑊 ⁄𝑚 2 − 𝐾 .
Determine the heat transfer rate from the air to one side of the plate if the plate is to be maintained at 40°C.

32. 1000 kg of fish was placed on chiller box storage. The product temperature is 4°C. Determine the quantity of heat that the fish
must release to bring itself to its freezing temperature.
Note: Specific heat above freezing = 0.76 𝐾𝑐𝑎𝑙 ⁄𝑘𝑔 − °𝐶
Specific heat below freezing = 0.41 𝐾𝑐𝑎𝑙 ⁄𝑘𝑔 − °𝐶
Freezing temperature = -2.2°C

33. The convection heat transfer coefficient between a surface at 40°C and air at 20°C is 20 𝑊 ⁄𝑚 2 − 𝐾 . Calculate the heat transfer
per square meter leaving the surface.

34. A non-insulated steam pipe passes through a room at 30°C. It has an outside diameter and a coefficient of convection of 75 mm
and 15 𝑊 ⁄𝑚 2 − 𝐾 . Determine the heat transmitted in 𝑊 ⁄𝑚 if the surface temperature is 150°C.
35. -4°C ice weighing 300 g was placed on a glass that has a diameter of 6 cm. Determine the depth of the melted ice. Assume ambient
temperature of 27°C.

36. Determine the average𝐶𝑝 value in 𝐾𝐽⁄𝑘𝑔 − 𝐾 of a gas if 522 𝐾𝐽⁄𝑘𝑔 of heat are necessary to raise its temperature from 300 K to
800 K. Assume pressure is constant.

37. A certain mass of water with a temperature of 26°C was said to be the combination of a 15 kg of 0°C ice and a saturated vapor.
Determine the mass of water in kilograms.

38. A fluid flows over a plane surface 1 m by 1 m with a bulk temperature of 50°C. The temperature of the surface is 20°C. The
convective heat transfer coefficient is 2000 𝑊 ⁄𝑚 2 − °𝐶. Determine the heat transfer rate from the fluid to the surface.

39. At an average temperature of 100°C, hot air flows through a 2.5 m long tube with an inside diameter of 50 mm. The temperature
of the tube is 20°C along its entire length. Convective film coefficient is 20.1 𝑊 ⁄𝑚 2 − 𝐾. Determine the convective heat transfer from
the air to the tube.

40. A kettle contains half liter of water at 30°C is heated in a stove. The heat transfer rate is 5 KW. Determine the amount of water in
ml left in the kettle after 2 minutes.

41. An insulated steam pipe located where the ambient temperature is 32℃ has an inside diameter of 50 mm with 10 mm thick wall.
𝑊
The outside diameter of the corrugated asbestos insulation is 125 mm and the surface coefficient of still air, ho = 12 𝑚2 ℃ . Inside the
𝑊
pipe is steam having a temperature of 150℃ with film coefficient hi = 6000𝑚2 ℃. Thermal conductivity of pipe and asbestos insulation
𝑊
are 45 and 0.12𝑚2 ℃. Determine the heat loss per unit length of pipe.

42. A 25 cm diameter steel oil pipe line located in the desert of Saudi Arabia is insulated with 9 cm insulator. The temperature between
the pipe and insulator is 36℃ and the outer part of the insulator is 78℃. The pipe length is 10 m and the outside film conductance is
𝑊 𝑊
0.5𝑚2 ℃. Find the heat absorbed per length if the inside film conductance is 9.8 𝑚2 ℃.
43. A pipe line used to transport oil from one area in Dubai to Kuwait carrying a temperature of 30℃ of oil. The pipe nominal diameter
𝑊
is 40 cm and the overall conductance is 72𝑚2 ℃. Find the heat absorbed per length if the surface temperature is 72℃.
44. Fluid is flowing through a 20 mm inside diameter and 25 mm outside diameter brass tube at no leaking with temperature at 65℃
𝑊 𝑊
and length of 10 m. Surface conduction of hot fluid is 5.2 𝑚2 ℃ and thermal conductivity of brass is 12.84 𝑚℃. Brass tube is covered by
𝑊 𝑊
silica of 6 mm thickness with thermal conductivity of 13.84𝑚℃ . Outside of it, is a fluid with 45℃ with surface conductance of 3.2𝑚2 ℃.
Find the heat transfer from the hot fluid with temperature of 65℃ to fluid with temperature of 45℃?

45. A hot water flowing in a 50 mm inside diameter, 60 mm outside diameter pipe have a temperature of 50℃. The surface
𝑊 𝑊
conductance of hot water is 6.0𝑚2 ℃ and the thermal conductivity of pipe is 8.5𝑚℃. The outside fluid temperature is 30℃ with surface
𝑊
conductance of 2𝑚2 ℃. Find the heat loss per meter of length?

𝑊
46. Find the temperature inside the 8 meter pipe with flowing hot liquid on it. The surface conductance of hot fluid is 8 𝑚2 ℃. The inside
𝑊
and outside diameter of pipe are 100 mm and 120 mm respectively with thermal conductivity of 12.5 . Outside fluid temperature
𝑚℃
𝑊
has 25℃ with 7𝑚2 ℃ surface conductance. The loss is 100 Watts.

47. What is the length of a copper tube with the heat loss of 500 Watts. A hot liquid which is 40℃ flows inside of it which have surface
𝑊 𝑊
conductance of 5𝑚2 ℃ and the inside diameter of the copper tube is 10 mm and thickness of 3 mm with thermal conductivity of 25𝑚℃
𝑊
. Outside fluid temperature is 20℃ with surface conductance of 3𝑚2 ℃.

48. Calculate the energy transfer rate across 6 in. wall of firebrick with a temperature difference across the wall of 50°C. The thermal
𝐵𝑡𝑢
conductivity of the firebrick is 0.65ℎ𝑟−𝑓𝑡−℉ at the temperature interest.
𝑊 𝑊 𝑊 𝑊
a.) 369.08 𝑚2 b.) 413.94 𝑚2 c.) 19.86 𝑚2 d.)267.09𝑚2
49. Calculate the heat transfer per hour though a solid brick wall 6m long, 2.9m high and 225mm thick, when the outer surface is at
𝑊
5°C and the inner surface 17°C, the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the brick being 0.6 .
𝑚−𝐾
𝑘𝐽 𝑘𝐽 𝑘𝐽 𝑘𝐽
a.) 2104.48 ℎ𝑟 b.) 2114.48 ℎ𝑟c.) 2004.48 ℎ𝑟 d.) 2000.48 ℎ𝑟
50. Calculate the quantity of heat conducted per minute through a duralumin circular disc 127mm diameter and 19mm thick when
𝑊
the temperature drop across the thickness of the plate is 5°C take the coefficient of thermal conductivity of duralumin as 150 𝑚−𝐾.
𝑘𝐽 𝑘𝐽 𝑘𝐽 𝑘𝐽
a.) 30 𝑚𝑖𝑛 b.) 40 𝑚𝑖𝑛 c.) 20𝑚𝑖𝑛 d.) 50 𝑚𝑖𝑛
51. A cold storage compartment is 4.5m long by 4m wide by 2.5m high. The four walls, ceiling and floor are covered to a thickness of
𝑊
150mm with insulating material which has a coefficient of thermal conductivity of 5.8x10-2 𝑚−𝐾. Calculate the quantity of heat leasing
through the insulating per hour when the outside and inside face temperature of the materials is 15°C and -5°C respectively.
𝑘𝐽 𝑘𝐽 𝑘𝐽 𝑘𝐽
a.) 2290.44 ℎ𝑟b.) 2185.44 ℎ𝑟 c.) 3000 ℎ𝑟 d.) 2000ℎ𝑟
52. A hollow sphere has an outside radius of 1m and is made of polystyrene foam with a thickness of 1cm. A heat source inside keeps
the inner surface 5.20°C hooter than the outside surface. How much power is produced by the heat source? The thermal conductivity
𝑊
of polystyrene foam is 0.033𝑚−°𝐶 . A=4πR2
a.) 230.64 Watts b.) 225.64 Watts c.) 205.64 Watts d.) 213.48 Watts
53. A slab of material has an area of 2m2 and 1mm thick. One side is maintained at a temperature of 0°C while the other is at 12°C. It
is determined that 6820 Joule of heat flows through the materials in a time of 10min. What is the thermal conductivity of the material?
𝑊 𝑊 𝑊 𝑊
a.) 4.74x10-4𝑚−℃ b.) 5.74x10-4 𝑚−℃ c.) 4.74x10-5𝑚−℃ d.) 4.74x10-3𝑚−℃
𝑊
54. A pond is covered by a sheet of ice 2cm thick (K=1.68 𝑚−℃ ) the temperature of the lower surface of the ice is 0°C and that of the
upper surface is -10°C. at what rate is heat conducted through each square meter of the ice?
a.) 840 Wb.) 830 W c.) 940 W d.) 930 W
55. What is the heat transfer in the glass surface area of 0.70m2 having an inside temperature of 25°C and 13°C outside temperature
𝑊
the thickness of the glass surface as 0.007m. The thermal conductivity is 1.8 𝑚−°𝐾 .
a.) 3.16 kW b.) 4.16 kW c.) 2.16 kW d.) 1.16kW
56. A 30cm thick wall has an inside and outside surface temperature of 50°C and 300°C respectively. If the thermal conductivity of the
𝑊 𝑘𝑊
wall is 8𝑚−°𝐾 calculate the heat transferred in 𝑚2 .
𝑘𝑊 𝑘𝑊 𝑘𝑊 𝑘𝑊
a.) 8.67 𝑚2 b.) 7.67 𝑚2 c.) 5.67 𝑚2 d.) 6.67 𝑚2
57. Find the thermal conductivity of the 500mm thick material with an area of 10000cm 2 and a temperature difference of 10°K if the
heat transmitted during 2hrs. test is 2000kJ.
𝑊 𝑊 𝑊 𝑊
a.) 13.89 𝑚−°𝐾 b.) 14.89 𝑚−°𝐾 c.)15.89𝑚−°𝐾 d.) 16.89 𝑚−°𝐾
 𝐽
58. The oil (cp=1759𝑘𝑔.℃) from an oil cooled electric transformer is cooled from 79.5℃ to 29.4℃ at the rate of 1360.5kg per hour. This
is done in a oil-water heat exchanger that receives 2948kg/hr of water at 15.6℃. For the heat exchanger U=295w/𝑚 2 ℃. Find the exit
temperature of water.

59. A water cooler uses 22.68kg/hr of melting ice with cool running water from 26.67℃ to 5.56℃. based on the inside coil area,
Ui=624.636w/𝑚 2 ℃, Find the inside area coil for (Parallel Flow)

60. A Liquid-to-Liquid counter flow heat exchanger is used as part of an auxiliary system at a the facility. The Heat exchanger is used
to heat a cold fluid from 48.89 ℃ 𝑡𝑜 154.44℃. Assuming that the hot fluid enters 260℃ and leaves at 204.44℃. Calculate the LMTD

61. Hot water at 80℃ to heats air from a temperature of 0℃ 𝑡𝑜 20℃ in a parallel flow heat exchanger. The water leaves the heat
exchanger at 60℃. Calculate AMTD

62. Sea water for cooling enters a condenser at 32℃ and leaves 42℃. The Condenser temperature 65℃, Calculate LMTD. Ans.
28℃
63. A parallel Flow heat exchanger designed to heat fuel oil from 90℃ to 130℃, while the heating fluid enters at 160℃ and leaves
140℃. Calculate AMTD.
64.A turbo-generator 16 cylinder , Vee type diesel engine has an air consumption 3000kg/hr per cylinder at rated load and speed. This
air is drawn in thru a filter by a centrifugal compressor direct connected to the exhaust gas turbine. The temperature of air from
compressor 145℃ and a counter flow air cooler reduces air temperature to 45℃ before it goes to engine suction header. Cooling
water enter air cooler at 30℃ leaves at 38℃. Calculate AMTD

65. A 25kg/s flow of air enters a pre-heater at 30℃ and leaves at 150℃; 23kg/s of exhaust Cp=1.09kJ/kg℃ enters 320℃. The Over-all
heat transfer coefficient is 710w/𝑚 2 ℃ . Calculate Surface Area (counter flow)

66. The heat exchanger use to heat the oil from 15 to 85℃. Blowing across the outside of the tubes is steam which enters at 130℃
and leaves at 110℃with a mass flow rate 5.2kg/s. The over-all heat transfer coefficient is 275w/𝑚 2 ℃. C for steam 1.86kJ/kg℃ .
Calculate surface area of heat exchanger.

67. Water at a rate 68kg/min is heated from 35 to 75℃ by an oil having cp=1.9kJ/kg℃. The fluids are use in a counter flow double pipe
heat exchanger, and the oil enters the heat exchanger at 110 and leaves at 75℃. The Over-all heat transfer is 320w/𝑚 2 ℃. Calculate
the area.

68. Calculate the heat loss per linear meter from 2 mm nominal pipe ( 2.375 mm inside diameter ) covered with 1 mm of an insulating
material having an average thermal conductivity of 0.0375 W/m-K. Assume that the inner and outer surface temperatures of the
insulation are 380˚C and 80˚C respectively.

69. Calculate the heat transfer of a pipe having an outside diameter of 15 cm, thickness of 50 mm with thermal conductivity of 0.0032
W/m-K passing through a length of 30 m. Assume temperature of pipe equal to 100˚C and ambient temperature of 27˚C.

70. Calculate the heat loss per linear meter from a 10 m nominal pipe ( outside diameter of 10.75 m) covered with a composite pipe
insulation consisting of 1.5 m of insulation I placed next to the pipe and 2 m of insulation II placed upon insulation I. Assume the inner
and outer surface temperatures of the composite insulation are 500˚C and 100˚C respectively, and that the thermal conductivity of
material I is 0.05 W/m-K and for material II is 0.039 W/m-K.

71. Temperature at 300˚C passed through 0.15 m steel pipe for a total distance of 155,000 mm and having 8 cm thickness. The ambient
temperature of 27˚C. Determine the thermal conductivity having heat loss of 1200 watts.

72. Calculate the thermal conductivity of a material having a heat loss of 1039.45 watts. Inside diameter of 55 cm and thickness of 100
mm passing through a 17 m long pipe at 55˚C. Assume ambient temperature of 4˚C.

73. A steel pipe having a thermal conductivity of 45 W/m-K has an inside diameter of 150 cm and thickness of 50 mm. Calculate the
heat loss per length of the pipe if the temperature difference is 97˚C.
74. A 150 m steel pipe has an 240˚C temperature, diameter of 250 mm is insulated with a 210 mm layer of asbestos and with a thermal
conductivity of 0.424 W/m-K and followed by a layer of cork in 150 mm in thickness with a thermal conductivity of 0.35 W/m-K. If the
ambient temperature of the cork is 120˚C. Calculate the heat loss.
75. A 150 m distance of pipe, has an initial 235˚C temperature in a diameter of 15.5 cm. Insulated with a 8.05 cm thickness of a
magnesia followed by 5 cm layer of asbestos of k=3.39 W/m-K and has an ambient temperature of 150˚C. Calculate the heat transfer
in Joules per minute.

76. Calculate the heat loss of a pipe 100 mm inside diameter and 10 m length is covered with a layer 30 mm thick of insulation having
a thermal conductivity of 0.05 W/m-K. If the temperature of the pipe is 400˚C and the ambient temperature is 50˚C.

77. A pipe with an 500˚C temperature, diameter of 4 m is insulated with an 1 m layer of asbestos k=0.063 W/m-K followed by a layer
of cork 2 m thick and having a thermal conductivity of 0.30 W/m-K. If the temperature of the outer surface of the cork is 300˚C.
Calculate the heat loss if the pipe is 100 m long.

78. An insulated steam pipe located where the ambient temperature is 32⁰C, has an inside diameter of 50 mm with 10 mm thick wall.
The outside diameter of the corrugated asbestos insulation is 125 mm and the surface coefficient of still air, h o=12 W/m2-K. Inside the
pipe is steam having a temperature of 150⁰C with film coefficient hi= 6000 W/m2-K. Thermal conductivity of pipe and asbestos
insulation are 45 and 0.12 W/m2-K respectively. Determine the heat loss per unit length of pipe.
a. 110 W b. 120 W c. 130 W d. 140 W
79. Water is flowing in a pipe with radius of 25.4 cm at a velocity of 5 m/sec at the temperature in the pipe. The density and viscosity
of the water are as follows: density = 997.9 kg/m3 and viscosity of 1.131 Pa-s. What is the Reynolds Number for this situation?
a. 2241 b. 96.2 c. 3100 d. 1140
80. Steam at 285psia ( tsat=413F, hg=1202.45Btu/lb) enters a convective superheater in a saturated state and leaves at
600F(h=1316.4). The hot gas (cp=0.241Btu/lb-F) leave the superheater at 1150F. There are 1.6 lbg/lbsteam and the total steam flow is
17,580lb/hr. If the transmittance is U=4Btu/hr-ft2-F, find the temperature of gas entering the superheater and the heating surface
area.
a. 987F, 456ft2 b. 3421F, 534ft2 c. 1445.F, 634ft2 d. 765F, 765ft2
81. A 22.7kg/s flow of air enters a preheater at 28C and leaves at 150C; 23.7kg/s of exhaust gases, cp=1.09kJ/kg-K, enters at 315C. The
overall coefficient of heat transfer is 710 W/m 2-C. Determine the surface area for counterflow.
a. 28.77m2b. 22.82m2 c. 32.54m2 d. 27.49m2
82. A cold storage compartment is 4.5 m long by 4 m wide by 2.5 m high. The four walls, ceiling and floor are covered to a thickness
of 150 mm with insulating material which has a coefficient of thermal conductivity of 5.8 X 10-2 W/ m K. Calculate the quantity of heat
leaking through the insulation per hour when the outside and inside face temperatures of the material is 15°C and -5°C respectively.
a. 2185kJ b. 3652kJ c. 1254kJ d. 4658kJ