Unit 1:
Integers, powers and roots
Class : G7
Semester :2
AL Madar private
school Teacher: Najiba Aouini
working with integers
Content
Integers are an important part of number work.
We have four sections to work through and there are check up audits
and fitness tests for each section:
1. Arithmetic with integers
2. Multiples and Factors
3. Prime Factors, Highest Common Factor (HCF) and Lowest
Common Multiple (LCM)
AL Madar private 4. Squares, Cubes, Square Roots and Cube Roots
school
Unit1/G8 Arithmetic with integers
Section1.1
1.1.1 : addition and subtraction : ( course book page 9 , Q 1.1
1 Work out these additions.
a) 3 + −6 b) −3 + −8 c) −10 + 4 d) −10 + −7 e) 12 + −4
2 Work out these additions.
a) 30 + −20 b) −100 + −80 c) −20 + 5 d) −30 + −70 e) 45 + −40
3 Work out these subtractions:
a) 4 − 6 b) −4 − 6 c) 6 − 4 d) −6 − 6 e) −2 − 10
4 Write down additions that have the same answers as these subtractions. Then
work out the answer to each one.
a) 4 − −6 b) −4 − −6 c) 8 − −2 d) −4 − −6 e) 12 − −10
5 Work out these subtractions.
a) 7 − −2 b) −5 − −3 c) 12 − −4 d) −6 − −6 e) −2 − −10
AL Madar private
school
Unit1/G8 Arithmetic with integers
Section1.1
AL Madar private
school
Unit1/G8 Arithmetic with integers
Section1.
1.2. : Multiplication and division :course book page 10
8. Work out these multiplications.
a) 5 × −4 b) −8 × 6 c) −4 × −5 d) −6 × −10 e) −2 × 20
9. Work out these divisions.
a) 20 ÷ −10 b) −30 ÷ 6 c) −12 ÷ −4 d ) −50 ÷ −5 e) 16 ÷-4
10. Write down two correct division expressions.
a) 4 × −10 b) −20 ÷ 5 c) −20 × 5 d) −40 ÷ −8 e) −12 × −4
15. Work these out.
a) 5 × −3 b) 5 + −3 c) −4 − −5 d) −60 ÷ −10 e) −2 + 18
f )−10 − 4
16. Write down the missing numbers.
a) 4 ×…..= −20 b) …… ÷ −2 = −6 c) …… − −5 = −2
d) ….. × −3 = 12 e) −2 + …….= 2 f ) ………− 4 = −3
AL Madar private
school
Unit1/G8 Arithmetic with integers
Section1.1
AL Madar private
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Unit1/G8 Multiples , factors and primes
Section2
Multiples : are the result of multiplying one whole number by another.
For example, 12 is a multiple of 4 (because 3 × 4 = 12).
Common multiple CM: shared multiple between 2 numbers example : 15 is a CM
between 3 and 5.
Lowest common multiple LCM: is the smallest CM between 2 numbers example 4
is the LCM between 2 and 4.
Factors: is a positive whole number which divides exactly into another number. For
example, both 3 and 4 are factors of 12 (both 3 and 4 ‘go into’ 12).
Common factors: shared factors between 2 numbers
Highest common factor HCF: the largest number which is a factor of both (or all)
AL Madar private the numbers.
school
Prime numbers :numbers with just 2 factors can be divided by 1 and it self
Unit1/G8 Multiples , factors and primes
Section2 2.1 Practicing: course book page 12
AL Madar private
school
Unit1/G8 Multiples , factors and primes
Section2 Practicing: course book page 12
2.2 Factor tree or factorization (any integer >1 and not a prime number )
Check that these are correct. 60 = 22 × 3 × 5 , 75 = 3 × 52
For the LCM, take the larger frequency of each prime factor and multiply them all
together.
2
LCM = 2 × 3 × 52 = 4 × 3 × 25 = 300
For the HCF, take the smaller frequency of each prime factor that occurs
AL Madar private in both numbers and multiply them all together.
school HCF = 3 × 5 = 15
Unit1/G8 Multiples , factors and primes
Section2 Practicing: course book page 14 Q 6 and 7
6. a) Write each number as a product of primes. i 45 ii 75
b) Find the LCM of 45 and 75.
c) Find the HCF of 45 and 75.
7. a) Write each number as a product of primes. i 90 ii 140
b) Find the LCM of 90 and 140.
c) Find the HCF of 90 and 140.
AL Madar private
school
Unit1/G8 Squares, Cubes, Square Roots and Cube Roots
Section3
Square Numbers
… are made by multiplying a number by itself.
1×1 2×2 3×3 4×4 5×5
12 22 32 42 52
(we say this as ‘3 squared’)
1 4 9 16 25
The first 15 square numbers are:
1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121,144, 169, 196, 225
AL Madar private
school
Unit1/G8 Squares, Cubes, Square Roots and Cube Roots
Section3
Cube Numbers
… are made by multiplying a number by itself, by itself.
1×1×1 2×2×2 3×3×3 4×4×4 5×5×5
13 23 33 43 53
(we say this as ‘4 cubed’)
1 8 27 64 125
The first 10 cube numbers are:
AL Madar private
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1, 8, 27, 64, 125, 216, 343, 512, 729, 1000
Unit1/G8 Squares, Cubes, Square Roots and Cube Roots
Section3
The reverse process to squaring a number is to
square root a number.
What number squared gives the answer 16? The number is 4
We say that 4 is the square root of 16, or write 16 = 4
The reverse process to cubing a number is to
cube root a number.
What number cubed gives the answer 64? The number is 4
AL Madar private We say that 4 is the cube root of 64, or write 3 64 = 4
school
Unit1/G8 Section 2.1: Fitness Check
Section3
Here are some questions to check your progress;
there are more practice questions if needed.
Find: Find:
25 100 10
52
36 6 400 20
103 1000 196 14
3 216 6 225 15
Find:
3 729 9 3 8 2
AL Madar private 3 64 4 3 125 5
school
Unit1/G8 Index Notation
Section3
Index notation is a very useful shorthand way of writing expressions
(plural of index is indices )like:
2×2×2×2×2×2×2×2
The above could be written as
288
The small number, the 8,
8 is the index (or power).
For example: 35 = 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3
For example: 47 = 4 × 4 × 4 × 4 × 4 × 4 × 4
AL Madar private
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Unit1/G8 Index Notation
Section3
Course book page 15 ,Q1.4
1.Find the value of each power.
5
a) 32 b) 33 c) 34 d) 3
2. Find the value of each power.
2 3 4
a) 10 b) 10 c) 10
6 9
3. 10 is one million and 10 is one billion. Write down these two numbers in full.
4. In each pair, which of the two numbers is larger?
5 3 6 2 4
a) 3 or 5 b) 2 or 6 c) 5 or 45
AL Madar private
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Course book END OF UNIT REVIEW
page 17
AL Madar private
school
Course book END OF UNIT REVIEW
page 17
AL Madar private
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