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Unit I II III IV Camera

A camera is an optical instrument that can capture still or moving images. Modern cameras come in many forms, including compact digital cameras, DSLRs, action cameras, film cameras, and mirrorless cameras. Effective camera shots and compositions use techniques like different shot sizes, camera angles, movements, framing, the rule of thirds, leading lines, and negative space to emphasize emotions, relationships, and themes for the audience.

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152 views16 pages

Unit I II III IV Camera

A camera is an optical instrument that can capture still or moving images. Modern cameras come in many forms, including compact digital cameras, DSLRs, action cameras, film cameras, and mirrorless cameras. Effective camera shots and compositions use techniques like different shot sizes, camera angles, movements, framing, the rule of thirds, leading lines, and negative space to emphasize emotions, relationships, and themes for the audience.

Uploaded by

KUMAR YASH
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BA JMC 205

Camera, Angles and Shots,Movements,


Compositions
A camera is an optical instrument that can capture an image. Most cameras can
capture 2D images, with some able to capture 3D images. Jib Shot- A jib is a special
kind of crane at the end of which you attach a camera; there's a counterweight at the
other end for balance. It's used to capture a variety of shots, such as overhead or
long sweeping moves, and can film a complete 360 degree shot.

A camera is an optical instrument that can capture an image. Most cameras can
capture 2D images, with some able to capture 3D images. At a basic level, most
cameras consist of sealed boxes, with a small hole that allows light through to capture
an image on a light-sensitive surface.

camera, in photography, device for recording an image of an object on a light-


sensitive surface; it is essentially a light-tight box with an aperture to admit light
focused onto a sensitized film or plate

A camera is an optical instrument to capture still images or to record moving


images, which are stored in a physical medium such as in a digital system or on
photographic film. A camera consists of a lens which focuses light from the scene, and
a camera body which holds the image capture mechanism.

Nowadays, cameras come in many different forms. These camera types include your
favorite compact digital cameras, DSLRs, action cameras, new and improved film
cameras, and even the latest mirrorless cameras.
Nowadays, cameras come in many different forms. These camera types include your
favorite compact digital cameras, DSLRs, action cameras, new and improved film
cameras, and even the latest mirrorless cameras. It may be hard to choose which type
of camera to go for, but it’s easy to figure out which one will work best for you once you
find out more about each of them, what they’re best for, and what their pros and cons
are.

Whether you’re a beginner, a hobbyist, or a professional, you’ll find a specific type of


camera that will fit your lifestyle and photography needs from our list below.

Types of Cameras for Photography


1. Compact Digital/Point and Shoot Cameras
2. Bridge Cameras
3. Digital SLR Cameras
4. Mirrorless Cameras
5. Medium Format Cameras
6. Action Cameras
7. 360 Cameras
8. Film Cameras
9. Instant Cameras
10. Smartphone Cameras
11. Rugged Cameras

Camera Shot
A camera shot is how much space the audience sees in a particular
frame. Cinematographers choose specific camera shots to portray things
about a character, setting, or theme to the audience. Similarly, camera
angles are different ways to position a camera to further emphasize
emotions and relationships.

Types of Camera Shot Sizes


 Extreme Wide Shot (ELS)
 Long Shot (LS) / Wide Shot (WS)
 Full Shot (FS)
 Medium Long Shot (MLS) / Medium Wide Shot (MWS)
 Cowboy Shot.
 Medium Shot (MS)
 Medium Close Up (MCU)
 Close Up (CU)

Seven Basic Camera Movements


 Pan. First up is the pan.
 Tilt. To tilt, imagine your camera is your head nodding up and down.
 Zoom.
 Tracking shot.
 Dolly shot.
 Following shot.
 Pedestal.
 Dive into a topic.
A jib camera is simply a camera mounted on a jib, which is a boom or crane device.
On the other end of the jib, there's a counterweight and either manual or automatic
controls to direct the position of the camera.

Drone Shot

Wire Rig

Camera Shots

Extreme Close-Up (ECU)

Close-Up (CU)

Medium Shot (MS)

Full Shot (FS)

Long Shot or Wide Shot (LS)

Extreme Long Shot (ELS) or Extreme Wide Shot

American Shot / Cowboy shot

Reaction shot

Establishing Shot

Cutaway Shot

Over The Shoulder (OTS)

POV Shot

Camera Framing

Single Shot
Two Shot

Three Shot

Over-the-Shoulder Shot (OTS)

Point-of-View Shot (POV)

Camera Angles

Eye Level Shot

Low Angle Shot

High Angle Shot

Hip Level Shot

Knee Level Shot

Ground Level Shot

Shoulder-Level Shot

Dutch Angle Shot

Birds-Eye-View Shot / Overhead Shot

Aerial Shot / Drone Shot / Helicopter Shot

Camera Focus

Rack Focus / Focus Pull

Shallow Focus

Deep Focus

Tilt-Shift-Focus

Camera Movements

Static / Fixed Shot

Zoom Shot

Pan Shot

Tilt Shot
Swish Pan / Whip Pan

Swish Tilt Shot

Tracking Shot

Crab Shot

Arc Shot

The Oner or Long Take 

Camera
Panasonic's handheld and shoulder-mount cameras capture Full-HD images
using our range of robust AVC-ULTRA codecs, which are recorded onto our own
P2 and MicroP2 solid-state media and offloaded using our card readers.

P2 (P2 is a short form for "Professional Plug-In") is a professional digital


recording solid-state memory storage media format introduced by Panasonic in
2004, and especially tailored to electronic news-gathering (ENG) applications.

DSLR is a term that's become synonymous with digital cameras, but a digital


single-lens reflex camera (notable for allowing interchangeable lenses on the
same camera body) is just one type of digital camera. Explore more about what
makes DSLR cameras so popular and find out if they're the right choice for you.
What is a DSLR camera?
DSLR cameras that can autofocus and hold thousands of photos on their internal
memory card — perfect for both pros and entry-level photographers alike — digital
photography is now more accessible than ever. But understanding your camera options
before making a big purchase is still important. DSLR is a term that’s become
synonymous with digital cameras, but a digital single-lens reflex camera (notable for
allowing interchangeable lenses on the same camera body) is just one type of digital
camera. Explore more about what makes DSLR cameras so popular and find out if
they’re the right choice for you. 
 The advantage of interchangeable lenses.
DSLR cameras allow you to combine the camera body with lens
attachments of your choice, whether that’s a fisheye or a zoom lens. “You’re
able to get different types of lenses that serve different purposes and give
you different looks,” photographer Ivy Chen explains. “DSLRs are way more
versatile in that respect.”
 
Whether your goal is intimate portrait photography or shooting stunning
landscapes, understanding the ideal focal length for each situation will help
you to select the best lens for going the DSLR route.

The advantage of interchangeable lenses.


DSLR cameras allow you to combine the camera body with lens
attachments of your choice, whether that’s a fisheye or a zoom lens. “You’re
able to get different types of lenses that serve different purposes and give
you different looks,” photographer Ivy Chen explains. “DSLRs are way more
versatile in that respect.”
A few other DSLR advantages.
 
Low light: DSLR cameras are very effective for shooting in dim lighting, as the larger
sensor can capture more light.
 
Autofocus: DSLRs have better autofocus features compared to point-and-shoot
cameras, allowing you to focus and shoot faster to capture more high-quality images.
 
Battery life: DSLRs don’t require the digital screen to be on all the time, so they use
very little power, extending battery life.
 

What is composition in photography? Composition in photography refers to the


position of elements inside the frame and how they interact with each other.
Ultimately, composition is about the visual structure of your image.
5 Basic Compositional Rules in Photography
 Compositional Rules.
 Rule #1: Leading Lines.
 Rule #2: Rule of Thirds.
 Rule #3: Negative Space.
 Rule #4: Horizon Line.
 Rule #5: Symmetry and Patterns.

Patterns, textures, lines, shapes, forms, color, tone, contrast, depth, frames,
symmetry, asymmetry, depth of field, viewpoint, negative space, positive space,
and visual tension are among them. Read on to learn about the five basic elements of
composition in photography.
To achieve successful composition, you must include three things: A focal point,
structure, and balance.
A good composition is one that has just enough detail. Too few elements is bad
because it robs the work of art of necessary detail that makes correct interpretation
possible. It also ruins the balance of an image. And too many elements can be very
distracting as well.

Here are the 12 rules of composition every landscape photographer should know, starting
with:
 The Rule of Thirds.
 The Golden Ratio.
 Leading Lines.
 Aspect Ratio.
 Foreground, Middleground, and Background.
 Depth of Field: Depth vs Isolation.
 Perspective.
 Simplification.

5 Basic Compositional Rules in Photography


Compositional Rules

As a beginner photographer, you must surely be looking at the images made


by other photographers, people whose work you admire. Among the many
things that you may undoubtedly notice, you may also have noticed that
somehow the compositions of these photographers tend to be a lot more
eye-catching.

Have you ever wondered what the difference is between an average photo
and a remarkable photograph? How do you know how if a photo works?
What makes a photograph outstanding? Is it the setting (or environment),
depth-of-field, the subject, lighting (either ambient or artificial), balance, the
use of lines, how space is utilized, the uses of color, or contrast?

Photography is about communication between the photographer and the


viewer. It’s all about the photographer telling their story through an
image. So what makes for a great image? The answer can be rather
subjective. Most of us would agree that a great image strikes a chord inside
of us. It evokes a strong emotional response in the viewer. But there are also
some tangible elements of good photography.

Contents [hide]
 Compositional Rules
 Rule #1: Leading Lines
 Rule #2: Rule of Thirds
 Rule #3: Negative Space
 Rule #4: Horizon Line
 Rule #5: Symmetry and Patterns
It does take a considerable amount of time and energy to develop the
necessary skills to make great images. One thing that is also required is a
good understanding of the Compositional Rules of photography.

Watch our exclusive video on Composition Rules in Photography:


Yes, there are rules in photography. But don’t get disheartened; these are
not designed to superimpose on your creativity. Rather, you can consider
them as guides, meaningful tried and tested guidelines that have worked
this far. Once you have mastered these rules, you would be able to go
beyond them and break them whenever necessary to create even more
compelling images.

Rule #1: Leading Lines

Leading lines are used by photographers in different ways to compose their


images. However, the most dominant use of leading lines is that it draws the
attention of the user to the main subject of the image. Sometimes, though,
leading lines are used to draw the viewer’s eyes deeper into the image. It
remains one of the sure-fire ways to capture attention-grabbing images,
allowing the eyes to follow a line and wander into the image.

Rule #2: Rule of Thirds

Probably the most talked about and therefore clichéd rule in photography is
the rule of thirds. While using your camera viewfinder / LCD screen, you may
have accidentally come upon a grid line, nine square boxes arranged in three
rows. If you turned it off without realizing what it is, you deprived yourself of
one of the best ways to compose correctly, using the rule of thirds. Placing
the most important aspect of the image on one of the intersecting points
makes the image more appealing to the human eye.
Simply put, divide the viewfinder into thirds, vertically and
horizontally. The four intersecting points are where you need to place the
subject.

Rule #3: Negative Space

Negative space is all about leaving space, and lots of it, in the image to
ensure that the main subject occupies a small portion of it. How much space
to leave depends on you and the final look of the image. One of the uses of
negative space is in commercial and stock photography. Negative space
allows an editor to put content and tag line. However, that is just the
commercial attribution. Certainly the use of this rule is more to do with
compositional value.

Rule #4: Horizon Line

The horizon line need not be right at the middle of the frame. I know it kind
of looks right, but then that’s not necessarily useful. The horizon line should
be either 2/3rds the way down or up, depending on whether the sky is more
interesting or the foreground.

Rule #5: Symmetry and Patterns

Symmetry is closely related to beauty, and it is the exact correspondence of


form on the opposites sides of a dividing line. Perfect symmetry is always eye
catching. Try and incorporate anything symmetrical in your images, and the
quality of your compositions will go up automatically. 
Our eyes have been exposed to symmetry or dynamic symmetry since the
day we were born, and our minds now demand it and are conditioned to
it. So, it is a rule that cannot be ignored. If you are presented with a scene
that has symmetry, you should not ignore it. You should do your best to
compose that photograph precisely so that you emphasize and balance the
scene. If you ignore the apparent symmetry, you will create an un-balanced
picture that is uncomfortable to the human eye

White Balance with camera

Thankfully, even simple cameras today have extremely advanced “white


balance” settings, by which we can tell the camera what type of lighting
condition we are in, and it can try to figure out what spectrum of light should
be perceived as “white” (and then deduce what other colors should be in
relation to that). If you set your camera’s white balance to “daylight” what
you’re really doing is telling the camera you would like to see light at
around 6,500K (color is measured in light in Kelvin) as “white” and shift all
the other colors to compensate. If you set it to “indoor” the camera will
assume that “white” is closer to 3,200K… etc.

This also isn’t just a feature of digital cameras, manual film and


photography cameras could get the same effect by putting a piece of
colored glass either in front of the lens to shift all the colors coming into the
camera, or in front of the film being exposed. This way you could
accomplish the same result without digital technology (although the digital
gives you far more control and options, obviously).

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