MODULE-1 INTRODUCTION TO AUTOCAD (PART-1)

INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOME

1. Upon completion of this course, the students should be able to:
1.1. share the acquired knowledge in using AutoCAD commands.
1.2. use AutoCAD commands and shortcuts to accelerate the drawing
MODULE-1 Process.
1.3. execute the four methods of entering points.
1.4. set-up the plotter/printer settings to print all of the CAD tasks
that have been completed.
1.5. observe safety reminder on plug-in the laptop or personal
computer.
INTRODUCTION TO AUTOCAD

A basic introduction on how to get started with the AutoCAD program. It

also discussed how to explore different methods of entering commands.
To be a proficient AutoCAD user, you must be well skilled in the following
areas; Traditional drafting, Microsoft Windows and of course the
AutoCAD program.

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A. Directions: Analyze the given orthographic and isometric drawing. Match the number
in the orthographic drawing with the letters in the pictorial drawing. Encircle the
corresponding letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following letters match the number 11?

A. K C. H
B. I D. F
2. Which of the following lines match the line 6-11?
A. Line F-I C. Line E-G
B. Line I-H D. Line F-H

3. Which of the following letters correspond the no.5?

A. H C. G
B. C D. K

4. Which of the following lines correspond the line J-K?

A. Line 7-9 C. Line 2-10
B. Line 7-5 D. Line 7-2

5. Which of the following lines match the line E-G?

A. Line 6-7 C. Line 2-10
B. Line 4-7 D. Line 4-5

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6. Which of the following lines correspond the line I-J?

A. Line 2-11 C. Line 7-2
B. Line 2-10 D. Line 4-5

7. Which of the following numbers match the letter L?

A. 12 C. 11
B. 10 D. 1

8. Which of the following numbers correspond the letter B?

A. 12 C. 11
B. 10 D. 8

9. Which of the following lines match the line 1-12?

A. Line J-K C. Line D-J
B. Line D-L D. Line D-A

10. Which of the following lines correspond line B-L?

A. Line 8-12 C. Line 1-2
B. Line 12-10 D. Line 3-12

Getting Started to AutoCAD

There are actually 4 ways on how to open the AutoCAD programs;
1. Go to local drive C:, look for the program files under Autodesk, select the
AutoCAD 2014 for instance, then select and click the acad.exe (as shown)

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2. Just select and click the AutoCAD icon

on the desktop.
3. Look for the AutoCAD icon pinned on the task bar and click.

4. Another way to start the AutoCAD program is by selecting a drawing file with
“.dwg“file extension from the window explorer and by clicking twice the filename.

AutoCAD User Interface

The picture below gives you an idea about the key parts of the AutoCAD environment. It
comprises all the components and icons that you can use on creating designs and related
data about your project.

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Getting Help
AutoCAD help can be easily reached through a resident help window, through a traditional
window type help interface, or through the online help on the Internet. Pressing F1 opens
a shortcut to help window.
Begin a Drawing File
A new AutoCAD drawing file can be created from starting the program. A new drawing
file will be opened given a temporary name Drawing1.dwg. As you are working with your
drawing, you can save it using SAVE or SAVE AS command. Opening another drawing
file will be given a temporary name Drawing2.dwg and so on.
Using the NEW command in starting AutoCAD, drawing file allows to select a template
to be used with new drawing with a file name acad.dwt.
You can also open an existing drawing by selecting and opening the required drawing file
using the OPEN command or the OPEN icon in the menu bar.
Closing and Saving a Drawing
Ending a drawing session by using the CLOSE command to close and save with its current
name.
In saving an AutoCAD file, you can use the SAVE command to save the drawing
periodically.
SAVE AS command can be used to save the drawing with a new name.
It is recommended to set 3 minutes, saving time without exiting AutoCAD. The default
setting of the AutoCAD program is 10 minutes.
Saving your work can protect you from any possible power interruption, editing errors, and
other unexpected events.
Getting the Location
The Coordinate system is used to layout the location of points in space or a plane. All
objects drawn on the screen are placed on a simple X, Y coordinate system. This is known
as the World Coordinate System (WCS). It is necessary for every AutoCAD student to be
conversant and work effectually with coordinates.
The X and Y Coordinates
AutoCAD uses points to find where an object
position. There is an origin point (0,0) where one can start counting the units. Every object
is located in relation to the point of origin. If you are drawing a straight line to the right
from the origin, this would be considered the positive X-axis. If you are drawing a line
straight up, this would be the positive Y-axis. When you are working with points, X value
always comes first.

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Coordinate display shows the current coordinate selected in the drawing area and located
on the status bar at the bottom of the screen.

Entering Points in AutoCAD

1. Absolute Coordinates – Using this method, you will enter the points related to the
point origin of the WCS. To enter points just enter the value for X, Y. Ex. Point A=
1,1 means 1 unit positive values of X and 1 unit positive values of Y on the
Cartesian coordinate.

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2. Relative Coordinates – This allows you to enter the point in relation to the last
point you have entered. After you’ve entered a point, the next would be entered as
@X, Y. The AutoCAD will draw a line from the first point to another point X units
and Y units relative to the previous point

3. Polar Coordinates – Use this system if the given line with a certain distance and
particular angle or direction. Enter this text string as @D<A. The D is the distance
and A is the angle or direction.
Example: Line BC @3<90, will draw a line 3 units at 90 angle.

4. Direct Distance Entry (DDR) – To specify a point using a pointing device (mouse)
move the pointer until the crosshair intersection reaches the required point, then
press the pointer’s pick button (left click).

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Presicion
The mechanics of the drafting task have largely been automated and accelerated
through the use of precision tools. These commands increase the speed and accuracy of the
drafting process, as well as making the reproduction of drafts as simple as printing text
documents. There are five features in AutoCAD that ensures the precision needed for an
object that includes Polar tracking, Locking angles, Object Snaps, Grid Snaps and
Coordinate entry. The first three features are the most commonly used in Drafting work
using CAD.
Polar Tracking
This precision feature of AutoCAD allows the user to guide the movement of cursor
in certain direction. For example, after you specify the first point of the line below, move
your cursor to the right, and then enter a distance in the command line window to specify
a precise horizontal

Object Osnap
The most important way for a drafter to specify precise locations on objects is to use
object snaps. Object snaps are essential to specifying precise locations on objects. For example,
you can use object snaps to create a line to the center on a circle or to the midpoint of another
line. An object snap mode specifies a point at an exact location on an object. You can use an
object snap once in the middle of a command, or you can set running object snaps. Running
object snap modes can be toggled on and off with the OSNAP button on the status bar or the
function key F3. You can use TAB key to cycle through available object snaps. Object snap
settings are stored with the drawing.

Options for running Object Snap Tools Menu:

 Drafting settings
 Shortcut menu: Press SHIFT while right-clicking in the drawing area and choose Osnap
Settings
 Command: OSNAP or OS (or `osnap for transparent use)
 Status bar: Right click OSNAP on the status bar and choose settings…
Running object snaps stay on until you turn them off. You can also turn on more than one running
object

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To use the individual object snap at the prompt for a point, hold down the
Shift Key and right click in the drawing area, then choose the object snap
mode from the list. You can also enter/type the first three characters of the
object snap. If you enter more than one name, separate the names with
commas.

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ENDpoint
Snaps to the closest endpoint of an arc,
Elliptical arc, line, mline, polyline segment,
or ray or to the closest corner of a trace, solid, or
3D face.
MIDpoint
Snaps to the midpoint of an arc, ellipse,
elliptical arc, line, mline, polyline segment,
solid, spline, or xline
INTersection
Snaps to the intersection of an arc, circle,
ellipse, elliptical arc, line, polyline, ray,
spline, or xline. You may get varying results
if you have both intersection and Apparent
Intersection at the same time
EXTension
Snaps to the extension point of an object.
You can establish an extension path by
moving the cursor over the endpoint of an
object. A marker is placed on the endpoint.
While the endpoint is marked, the cursor
snaps to the extension path of the endpoint
APParent Intersection
Snaps to the apparent intersection of two
objects (arc, circle, ellipse, elliptical arc, line,
mline, polyline, ray, spline, or xline) that do
not intersect in 3D space but appear to
intersect in the drawing display.
INSertion
Snaps to the insertion point of an attribute, a
block, a shape, or text
NODe
Snaps to a point object
QUAdrant
Snaps to a quadrant point of an arc, circle,
ellipse, or elliptical arc
CENter
Snaps to the center of an arc,circle, ellipse,or
elliptical arc
TANgent
Snaps to the tangent of an arc, circle, ellipse,
or elliptical arc
NEArest
Snaps to the nearest point on an arc, circle
ellipse, elliptical arc, line, mline, point,

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PERpendicular
Snaps to a point perpendicular to an arc,
circle, ellipse, elliptical arc, line, mline,
polyline, ray, solid, spline, or xline
PARallel
Snaps to an extension in parallel with an
object. When you move the cursor over the
endpoint of an object, the endpoint is marked
and the cursor snaps to the parallel alignment
path to that object. The alignment path is
calculated from the current “from point” of
the command.
NONe
Turns off object snap modes
M2P or MTP (Mid between two points)
Locates the midpoint between two points
(use SHIFT and right-click or type M2P)

Draw and Modify Commands

LINE (L)
Creates straight line segments
Width Close and Undo features
Command : L
First Point : (A) Click to any point or intersection
Next Point : (B) @2000<0 (any coordinate system will do)
Next Point : Esc, Spacebar or Enter can terminate the command
Command : L
First Point : (D) Click to any point or intersection
Next Point : (E) @2000<-38
Next Point : Enter to terminate the command
1. POLYLINE(PL)
Draw a 2000 x 1500 rectangle
using relative Cartesian
coordinates and a PLine
command
Command : PL
First Point : (A) Click to any point or intersection
Next Point : (B) @2000,0
Next Point : (C) @0,1500
Next Point : (D) @-2000,0
Next Point : (A) C to close the object
Draw an arrow pointing the East direction by applying length and width

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PEDIT (PE)
Command to edit polylines
When you select the Multiple option from the PEDIT command, you can select and
edit more than one polyline object at a time, you can select both polyline and
non-polyline objects. If one or more of the objects that you select are not polylines,
you will be prompted to convert them to polylines
Options:
Close - Connects the last segment with first/ removes closing segment
Join - Connects lines, arc or pline to the end of an open pline
Width - Specifies a new uniform width
Edit vertex - Moves, deletes or inserts vertex
Fit - Creates smooth curves passing every control point
Spline - Creates a curve passing through the first and the last control points
Decurve - Straightens all segments of the polyline
Ltype gen - Generates line type in a continuous pattern through the vertices of the polyline

A. Directions: Identify the AutoCAD environment.

1 2 3 5 6 7

8 10

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1.______________________ 6.__________________________
2.______________________ 7.__________________________
3.______________________ 8.__________________________
4.______________________ 9.__________________________
5.______________________ 10.__________________________

B. Directions: Plot the given coordinate points using the following entering point
systems.
1. Absolute Coordinate System (8pts.)

2. Relative Coordinate System (8pts)

3. Polar Coordinate System (8pts)

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C. Directions: Draw the given shear plate by using the following entering points.

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True or False

Directions: Write True if the statement is correct and False, if it is incorrect. Write your
answer on the space before each number.

_____1. The AutoCAD start measuring angles at 3 o’clock?

_____2. WCS stand for worldwide coordinate system.

_____ 3. When drawing 2D the Z axis not necessary to use.

_____ 4.The textstring pattern for the polar coordinate system command is D<angle.

_____5. The textstring pattern for the absolute coordinate system command is X, Y.

_____6. The command for 50mm length at vertical position is @500<90’.

____ 7. The textstring pattern for the relative coordinate system command is @X, Y.

_____8. The command for 75mm at horizontal position is @X,Y.

_____9. Polar coordinates are used mostly for drawing lines at angled position.

____10. Counter clockwise direction for drawing lines with negative degrees.

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I. Channel plate
Directions: Encircle the letter of the appropriate coordinate asked for every number.
Use counter-clockwise flow of direction. See figure below for reference.

(start point coordinate: x=10 , y=10)

1. If the absolute coordinate of point 15 is (11,11.25),the coordinate of the first point

is:
A. 10 , 10 C. 10, 9
B. 9 , 9 D. 9, 10

2. Which of the following absolute coordinates for point 7?

A. 10.2 , 10.125 C. 10.175 , 10.2
B. 10.125 , 10.2 D. 10.2 , 10.75

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3. Which of the following absolute coordinates for point 10?

A. 10.125 , 11.05 C. 10.105 , 11.05
B. 10.175 , 11.05 D. 10.1 , 11.05

4. What is the absolute coordinate for point 2?

A. 11 , 10 C. 11 , 12
B. 11 , 11 D. 11 , 13

5. What is the correct absolute coordinate for point 19?

A. 10 , 10 C. 10 , 9
B. 9 , 9 D. None

6. Which of the following absolute coordinates for point 21?

A. 10 , 10 C. 10 , 9
B. 9 , 9 D. None

7. What is the precise polar coordinate for point 3?

A. @0.3536<135 C. @0.3536<45
B. @0.3546<45 D. @0.3546<135

8. What is the correct polar coordinate for point 9?

A. @0.600<90 C. @0.550<90
B. @0.500<270 D. @0.650<270

9. Which of the following polar coordinates for point 4?

A. @0.105<90 C. @0.175<90
B. @0.155<90 D. @0.125<90

10. What is the precise polar coordinate for point 5?

A. @-0.50<180 C. @0.50<270
B. @0.50<180 D. @0.50<0

11. Which of the following polar coordinates for point 6?

A. @0.125<270 C. @0.185<270
B. @0.175<270 D. @0.125<90

12. Which of the following is the precise relative coordinate for point 3?
A. @-0.250 , 0.250 C. @0.250 , 0.250
B. @0.250 , -1.250 D. @-0.250 , -0.250

13. Which of the following is the precise relative coordinate for point 2?
A. @-0.100 , 0 C. @-0.125 , 0
B. @0.100 , -0 D. @0.100 , 0

14. What is the correct relative coordinate for point 6?

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A. @-0. , 0.175 C. @0 , -0.175

B. @0 , -1.25 D. @-0 , 0.175

15. Which of the following is the precise relative coordinate for point 8?
A. @-0.125 , 0.125 C. @0.125 , 0.125
B. @0.125 , -1.25 D. @-0.125 , -0.125

II. Draw the figure T-Clip (15 Pts)

Directions: Using the following relative coordinate points below, the T-Clip
figure will be drawn at positive quadrant. Use counter-clockwise flow of
direction.

Start Pt. 1 2,1

To pt. 2 @1,0

To pt.3 @0,2

To pt. 4 @-1.25,0

To pt. 5 @0,1

To pt. 6 @3.5,0

To pt. 7 @0,-1

To pt. 8 @-1.25,0

To pt. 9 @0,-2

To pt. 10 @1,0

To pt. 11 @1.75,3

To pt. 12 @0,1

\To pt. 13 @-6.5,0

To pt. 14 @0,-1
To pt. 15 @1.75,-3

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Honestly answer the following questions:

1. Which part of the lesson did you find most interesting and easy to understand?
2. Was there a part in the lesson you found hard to understand? If yes, which part?
3. What values did you learn from the lesson?
4. Can you apply this lesson in plotting a bearing points of a given lot?

References:

Mangubat, Reynaldo P., (2017) CBLM AutoCAD Instructional Module, Technical

Drafting NCII

Leach, James A. (2000) AutoCAD 2000 Instructor 1ST Edition, Autodesk registered
Author Publisher & McGraw Hill Book Co. New York

DepEd K-12 Technology and Livelihood Education Drafting Technology

Supplementary References:

https://www.mycadsite.com/tutorials/level_1/introduction-to-AutoCAD-basics-1-1.html

http://www.cadtutor.net/tutorials/autocad/index.php

Module Creator/Curator: Mr. Reynaldo P. Mangubat

Template & Layout Designer: Mr. Reynaldo P. Mangubat

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Answer Key for Activity:

1. C 6. C
2. D 7. A
3. C 8. D
4. C 9. B
5. D 10. A
Answer Key for Formative Assessment:

1. T 6. T
2. F 7. T
3. T 8. F
4. T 9. T
5. T 10.F

Answer key for Application:

A. B.
1. Application Menu
2. Quick access toolbar
3. Ribbon tab
4. Drawing area
5. Autodesk online search
6. Service
7. Exchange
8. UCS icon
9. View cube
10. Cross Hair
Rubrics for Shear Plate drawing:

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Answer key for Evaluation:

I. II.
1. A
2. C
3. B
4. A
5. A 13 12
5
6. D 6
7. C 14 11
8. A
9. D 4 3 8 7
10. A
11. B 15
12. C 1 2 9 10
13. D
14. C
15. A

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