1

In an arithmetic progression, the fifth term is 16 2 In an arithmetic progression, the sixth term is 13
and the sum of the first ten terms is 175. Find and the sum of the first seven terms is 21. Find
Dalam suatu janjang aritmetik, sebutan kelima ialah 16 dan Dalam suatu janjang aritmetik, sebutan keenam ialah 13
hasil tambah bagi sepuluh sebutan pertama ialah 175. Cari dan hasil tambah bagi tujuh sebutan pertama ialah 21. Cari
(a) the first term, (a) the first term,
sebutan pertama, sebutan pertama,
(b) the common difference. (b) the common difference.
beza sepunya. beza sepunya.

Given T5 = 16 Given T6 = 13
a + 4d = 16 ——— 1 a + 5d = 13 ——— 1
Given S10 = 175 Given S7 = 21
10 [2a + (10 – 1)d] = 175 7 [2a + (7 – 1)d] = 21
2 2
2a + 9d = 35 ——— 2 2a + 6d = 6
From 1 , a + 3d = 3 ——— 2
a =16 – 4d From 1 ,
Substitute into 2 a = 13 – 5d
2(16 – 4d) + 9d = 35 ——— 2 Substitute into 2 ,
32 – 8d + 9d = 35 (13 – 5d) + 3d = 3
d = 3 –2d = –10
Substitute d = 3 into 1 , d = 5
a = 16 – 4(3) Substitute d = 5 into 1 ,
=4 a = 13 – 5(5)
∴ a = 4, d = 3 = –12
∴ a = –12, d = 5

3 In an arithmetic progression, the second term is 4 A farmer has 5 600 chickens and 4 880 ducks.
35 and the sum of the first ten terms is 140. Find The farmer sells 240 chickens and 180 ducks to
Dalam suatu janjang aritmetik, sebutan kedua ialah 35 dan the wholesaler every day. After a few days, the
hasil tambah bagi sepuluh sebutan pertama ialah 140. Cari number of chickens and the number of ducks left
(a) the first term, are the same. On what day did the number of
sebutan pertama, chickens and the number of ducks left are the same?
(b) the common difference. Seorang penternak mempunyai 5 600 ekor ayam dan 4 880
beza sepunya. ekor itik. Penternak itu menjual 240 ekor ayam dan 180 ekor
itik kepada pemborong pada setiap hari. Selepas beberapa
Given T2 = 35 hari, bilangan ayam dan bilangan itik yang tinggal adalah
a + d = 35 ——— 1 sama banyak. Pada hari ke berapakah bilangan ayam dan
Given S10 = 140 bilangan itik yang tinggal adalah sama banyak?
10 [2a + (10 – 1)d] = 140
2 The number of chickens left: 5 600, 5 360, 5 120, …
2a + 9d = 28 ——— 2  a = 5 600, d = –240
From 1 , Tn = a + (n – 1)d
a = 35 – d = 5 600 + (n – 1)(–240)
Substitute into 2 , = 5 600 – 240n + 240
2(35 – d) + 9d = 28 = 5 840 – 240n
70 – 2d + 9d = 28 The number of ducks left: 4 880, 4 700, 4 520, ….
7d = –42  a = 4 880, d = –180
d = –6 Tn = a + (n – 1)d
Substitute d = –6 into 1 , = 4 880 + (n – 1)(–180)
a = 35 – (–6) = 4 880 – 180n + 180
= 41 = 5 060 – 180n
∴ a = 41, d = -6 5 840 – 240n = 5 060 – 180n
60n = 780
n = 13
On the 13th day, the number of chickens and the
number of ducks left are the same.

76

Modul A+ SPM AddMath F4 2021 C5 3rd.indd 76 19/10/2020 2:38:48 PM

 5 The diagram below shows two objects moving toward each other on a straight line, FG. Object P moves
with a distance of 3 cm in the first second, 6 cm in the next second, 9 cm in the third second and so on.
Object Q moves 2 cm in the first second, 4 cm in the next second, 6 cm in the third second and so on. Both
objects start simultaneously and meet at the nth second.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan dua objek bergerak ke arah satu sama lain pada satu garis, FG. Objek P bergerak sejauh 3 cm pada
saat pertama, 6 cm pada saat kedua, 9 cm pada saat ketiga dan seterusnya. Objek Q pula bergerak sejauh 2 cm pada saat pertama,
4 cm pada saat kedua, 6 cm pada saat ketiga dan seterusnya. Kedua-dua objek bermula serentak dan bertemu pada saat ke-n.
Given FG = 105 cm, find/Diberi FG = 105 cm, cari P Q
(a) the value of n,/nilai bagi n,
(b) the distance travelled by object P before both objects meet. F 105 cm G
jarak yang dilalui oleh objek P sebelum kedua-dua objek bertemu.
(a) The movement of object P: 3 cm, 6 cm, SP + SQ = 105
9 cm, …. (Arithmetic progression)
3 (n2 + n) + (n2 + n) = 105
a = 3, d = 3 2
Sn = n [2a + (n – 1)d] 3(n2 + n) + 2(n2 + n) = 210
2
3n2 + 3n + 2n2 + 2n = 210
SP = n [2(3) + (n – 1)(3)]
2 5n2 + 5n – 210 = 0
= n (6 + 3n – 3) n2 + n – 42 = 0
2 (n + 7) (n – 6) = 0
= n (3n + 3) n = –7, n = 6
2
∴ Both object meet at the 6th second.
= 3 (n2 + n) (b) When n = 6,
2
The movement of object Q: 2 cm, 4 cm,
SP = 3 [(6)2 + 6]
6 cm, …. (Arithmetic progression) 2
a = 2, d = 2 = 63 cm
Sn = n (2a + (n – 1)d)
2
SQ = n [2(2) + (n – 1)(2)]
2
= n (4 + 2n – 2)
2
= n (2n + 2) = n2 + n
2

77

Modul A+ SPM AddMath F4 2021 C5 3rd.indd 77 19/10/2020 2:38:48 PM