Learning Module #10 in Mathematics 7

Laws of Exponent
Multiplying and Dividing Polynomials

Student’s Name: __________________________

Grade & Section: _________________________

What is this module about?

Multiplying polynomials can be done using the FOIL method, and the distributive property. It
requires knowledge of the laws of exponents.

Lesson 10: Laws of Exponent and Multiplying Polynomial

10.1 Laws of Exponent
10.2 Multiplying Polynomials
10.3 Dividing Polynomials

What do you need to learn?

1. Derive laws of exponent. DepEd-MELC
2. Multiply and divides polynomials. DepEd-MELC

Pre–Test
Before we proceed with the lesson, let us first test your prior knowledge about the topic in this
module. Read the directions carefully and answer the test below.

Directions: Evaluate the following. Notice that the bases are the same. The first one was done for you.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Refer to the Answer Key on the last page of this module to check your answers.

Lesson 10.1: Law of Exponents

Rules should always be followed, most especially in this time of pandemic. In Mathematics,
laws of exponents are used to be a guide in multiplying polynomials. For you to learn more
about it, kindly join me and let us find out!
Copy ONLY the important concepts and accomplish the activity on a separate paper.

LAS #10.1
Activity Title: The Law of Exponent
Learning Target/Competency: The learner will be able to derive laws of exponent. DepEd-MELC
Values/Graduate Attributes: The learner will become systematic.
Reference(s) & Author(s): Grade 7 Mathematics: Patterns and Practicalities by: Nivera
Page(s) No. 222 – 224

1
I. Concept Notes
The Law of Exponent
A. The product law: a • a = a x y x+y

If two expressions are multiplied, then the total number of times you end up using a as factor
is x + y.
B. The power of power law: (ax)y = axy
If a real number a, which is raised to the xth power, is again raised to the yth power, then the
number of times b is used as a factor is x, y or xy.
C. The power of a product law: (ab)x = axbx
If the product ab is raised to the xth power, then the number of time a and b are used as
factors is both x.
D. The Quotient Law: ax/ay, where a ≠ 0 is equal to ax - y
If a raised to the xth power divided by a raised to the yth power, then the remaining number of
times a is used as a factor is x - y.
E. The power of the Quotient law: (a/b)x, where b ≠ 0 is equal ax/bx
This is similar to the power of a product law. However, you are dealing with the ratio of two
variables in this case. The number of times the variables both in the numerator and the
denominator are used as a factor.
F. The Negative Exponent
1
For any nonzero real number, a and any integer n, a−n an
G. The Zero Exponent
Any nonzero number raised to a power of 0 is equal to 1.

II. Examples
1. a2 • a3 = a2+3 = a5 (Since they have the same base, simply add the exponents.)
2. 22 • 23 = 22+3 = 25 = 2 • 2 • 2 • 2 • 2 = 32
3. (a2 )4 = a2•4 = a8 (Just multiply the two exponents.)
4. (22 )4 = 22•4 = 28 = 2 • 2 • 2 • 2 • 2 • 2 • 2 • 2 = 256
5. (ab)3 = a3b3 (Since they have different base, simply distribute the exponent to each base.)
6. (2c)3 = 23c3 = 2 • 2 • 2 • c3 = 8c3
7. = a6-4 = a2 (Since they have the same base, simply subtract the exponents.)
8. = 76-4 = 72 = 7 • 7 = 49

9. = (Since they have different bases, simply distribute the exponent to each base)
1 1 1 1 1
10. = = =1
− 1
11. = (Apply the Inverse Property)
1 1 1
12. = − = − or = or 1
13. = 1 1 ๵ =1 1 ๵ =1
For further understanding refer to pages 222 to 223 of your book for the table of example.

III. Activity
Directions: Simplify the following expressions.
−
1. 3. 5. 7. 9.
2. 4. 6. 8. 10.

2
 Lesson 10.2: Multiplication of Polynomials
Multiplying polynomials involves applying the rules of exponents and the distributive property to simplify
the product. This multiplication can also be illustrated with an area model, and can be useful in modeling
real world situations. Understanding polynomial products is an important step in learning to solve algebraic
equations involving polynomials. Do you want to learn more about it? Come and let us learn! Enjoy!
Copy ONLY the important concepts and accomplish the activity on a separate paper.

LAS #10.2
Activity Title: Multiplication of Polynomials
Learning Target/Competency: The learner will be able to multiply and divide polynomials. DepEd-MELC
Values/Graduate Attributes: The learner will become systematic.
Reference(s) & Author(s): Grade 7 Mathematics: Patterns and Practicalities by: Nivera
Page(s) No. 223 – 227
I. Concept Notes
1. Multiplying Monomials - To multiply one term by another term, first multiply the constants,
then multiply each variable together and combine the result.
2. Multiplying Monomial by Polynomial - To multiply monomial by a polynomial, simply apply
the distributive property and follow the rule in multiplying monomial by a monomial.
3. Multiplying Two binomials using FOIL method - The process of multiplying binomials using
the distributive property is better known as the FOIL method. The letters FOIL stand for F
(First), O(Outer), I(Inner), and L(Last). The word FOIL helps us remember which terms to
multiply.

II. Examples
挨
1.
挨
2.
挨1 挨
3. 1
4. − 挨 − −1
5. − 挨 − −
6. − − 挨 − 挨 − − −1
7. Multiply 挨 挨
F 挨 挨 Multiply first terms:
O 挨 挨 Multiply outer terms:
I 挨 挨 Multiply inner terms:
L 挨 挨 Multiply last terms: 1
The result is 挨 挨 挨 1 ๵ Combining like terms, the product of 挨 and 挨 is
挨 挨1 .

III. Activity
A. Directions: Multiply the following expressions.
1. − ๵ 挨 挨 ๵
B. Directions: Multiply the following expressions. Use FOIL method.
1. − 挨 2. 挨 挨1

Lesson 10.3: Division of Polynomials

In Dividing of Polynomials, you need to know how to add, subtract and multiply polynomials.
You also need to apply the laws of exponents for division and the definition of negative
exponent. Do you want to learn more about it? Come and let us learn! Enjoy!
Copy ONLY the important concepts and accomplish the activity on a separate paper.

3
 LAS #10.3
Activity Title: Division of Polynomial
Learning Target/Competency: The learner will be able to multiply and divide polynomials. DepEd-
MELC
Values/Graduate Attributes: The learner will become systematic.
Reference(s) & Author(s): Grade 7 Mathematics: Patterns and Practicalities by: Nivera
Page(s) No. 231-238
I. Concept Notes
Dividing Monomials
In multiplying two monomials, multiply the coefficients together and then multiply the variables
together. Similarly, when dividing monomials, divide the coefficients. Then divide the variables. When there
are exponents with the same base, apply the law of exponents in division by subtracting the exponents.

II. Examples

If there are two or more variables in the base, treat the coefficient and each variable separately.
− − − −1 1
−
− −
In terms of simplifying algebraic expressions that involve both multiplication and division, apply the law of
exponents.
1 Simplify the numerator before
− 1 − 1 1
a. dividing
− − − 1 1 − 1
b. Simplify the numerator and the
1 1
denominator first before dividing.

Dividing a Polynomial by a Monomial

The distributive property states that you can distribute a factor that is being multiplied by a sum or
difference, and likewise you can distribute a divisor that is being divided into a sum or difference (as
division can be changed to multiplication).
1 − −1
Example 1: Divide
1 1
Solution: − − Distribute over the polynomial by dividing each term by .
− − Divide each term, a monomial divided by another monomial.
Answer: − −
4
 挨 −1
Example 2: Divide −
1
Solution: −
挨− −− Divide each term in the polynomial by the monomial.
− −1
− 挨 Simplify. Remember that 18 can be written as 1 . So, the
exponents are − 1 − 1
−
Answer: − 挨 Apply the law of Negative Exponent.

III. Activity
Directions: Divide the following.
1 挨1 −
1.) 2.) 3.)

Reflective Journal
This part will help you evaluate some real-life situations in which you can apply the concepts you have
learned from the lessons in this module.

Directions: Read the question carefully and write a reflection about it in at least five sentences. Please be
guided by the provided criteria below. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
Question: To multiply expression correctly, we need to observe the laws of exponents. In line with this, as a
student, why are laws and rules important in this time of pandemic?

Criteria 4 pts. 3 pts. 2 pts. 1 pt.

Organization Uses clear, consistent Uses clear and Uses clear organizational Uses inconsistent
organizational strategy: consistent strategy but with organizational strategy:
presentation is logical. organizational occasional presentation is not
strategy. inconsistencies. logical.
Content The answer is focused, The answer is The answer is focused on The answer poorly
purposeful, and reflects focused on the topic topic and includes few addresses topic and
original insight and ideas. and includes relevant loosely related ideas. includes irrelevant
ideas. ideas.

Post–Test

Let us test what you have learned after accomplishing this module. Read the directions carefully and
answer the test below. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer for each of the following items.
1. What is the simplified form of − ?
1 1
A. 1 B. 1 C. 1 D. 1

2. What must be multiplied to 䁘 挨 to obtain 䁘 挨 1 䁘 挨 ?

A. 䁘 挨 B. 䁘 挨 C. C. 䁘 挨 D. 䁘 挨

3. What is the area of the rectangle with the width of − 1 and with the length of 挨
A. − B. 挨 C. C. − D. 挨

5
4. What is the quotient of 1 −1 − and ?
A. − − C. 挨 −
B. − − D. 挨 挨

5. What is the area of a square whose side is 挨

A. 挨 C. −1 挨
B. 挨1 挨 D. 挨 挨

My Learning Experience:
We want to hear your thoughts! Answer the following questions below. Write your answers on the same paper where
you have written your answers for the Post-Test.

1. What have you learned from this module?

2. Which activities did you find enjoyable and easy?
3. What difficulties did you encounter in accomplishing this module?

You are done with Module 10. Congratulations!

Reference

(1) Gladys C. Nievera Phd. Grade 7 Mathematics Patterns and Practicalities

Answer Key
Here are the answers in the pre-test and enrichment activities. Please look at this part only after
accomplishing the test. HONESTY IS STILL THE BEST POLICY. Please check your answers and
determine how much knowledge you have attained.

Note: No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any
means without the prior written permission of the author.

6
 MY PERSONAL NOTES