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Fundamentals FA4.

The document discusses key concepts and formulas related to amplitude modulation (AM) including: 1) Calculating the modulating signal amplitude needed to achieve a given modulation index of a carrier signal. 2) Calculating the modulation index of a carrier signal given the amplitude of a triangular modulating signal. 3) Calculating the percentage of modulation from an oscilloscope display of an AM signal. 4) Calculating the total modulated voltage of an AM signal given the carrier voltage and percentage of modulation.

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ian jasper nathan
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140 views3 pages

Fundamentals FA4.

The document discusses key concepts and formulas related to amplitude modulation (AM) including: 1) Calculating the modulating signal amplitude needed to achieve a given modulation index of a carrier signal. 2) Calculating the modulation index of a carrier signal given the amplitude of a triangular modulating signal. 3) Calculating the percentage of modulation from an oscilloscope display of an AM signal. 4) Calculating the total modulated voltage of an AM signal given the carrier voltage and percentage of modulation.

Uploaded by

ian jasper nathan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

To achieve 77 percent modulation of a carrier of Vc = 44 V, what amplitude of the modulating signal,


Vm , is needed ?
𝑉𝑚
𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑥 𝑚 =
𝑉𝑐
𝑉𝑚 = 𝑚𝑉𝐶 = (0.77)(44) = 𝟑𝟑. 𝟖𝟖 𝑽

2. A modulating signal consists of a symmetrical triangular wave having a zero dc component and peak-
to-peak voltage of 15 V. Calculate the value of modulation index if it is used to amplitude modulate a
carrier of peak voltage of 10 V.
15
𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑎𝑙 = = 7.5 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑠
2
𝐴𝑚 7.5
𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑥 𝑚 = = = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓
𝐴𝑐 10

3. An AM wave displayed on an oscilloscope has values of Vmax = 4.3 and Vmin = 2 as read from the
graticule. What is the percentage of modulation?
𝑉𝑚𝑎𝑥 − 𝑉𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑚=
𝑉𝑚𝑎𝑥 + 𝑉𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑉𝑚𝑎𝑥 − 𝑉𝑚𝑖𝑛 4.3 − 2
%𝑚 = × 100 = × 100 = 𝟑𝟔. 𝟓𝟏%
𝑉𝑚𝑎𝑥 + 𝑉𝑚𝑖𝑛 4.3 + 2

4. An AM signal is 85% modulated and has a carrier voltage of 72 V. What is the total modulated voltage?
𝑚2 0.852
𝑉𝑇 = 𝑉𝑐 √1 + = (72)√1 + = 𝟖𝟒. 𝟎𝟎 𝑽
2 2

5. An AM signal has a 12.1-W carrier and 1.1 W in each sideband. What is the percentage of modulation?
𝑃𝑈𝑆𝐵 = 𝑃𝐿𝑆𝐵 = 𝑃𝑆𝐵 = 1.1 𝑊
Side Band Power
𝜇2
𝑃𝑈𝑆𝐵 = 𝑃𝐿𝑆𝐵 = 𝑃𝐶 ×
4
1.1 × 4
𝜇=√ = 0.6030 ≅ 𝟔𝟎. 𝟑𝟎%
12.1

6. An AM transmitter puts a carrier of 4.6 A into an antenna whose resistance is 46ohms. The transmitter
is modulated by 70 percent. What is the total output power?
𝑃𝐶 = (𝐼𝑇 )2 𝑅 = (4.6)2 (46) = 973.36 𝑊
𝑚2 0.702
𝑃𝑇 = 𝑃𝐶 (1 + ) = 973.36 (1 + ) = 𝟏𝟐𝟏𝟏. 𝟖𝟑𝟑𝟐 𝑾
2 2
7. When a broadcast AM transmitter is 71% modulated, its antenna current is 11.7A. What will be the
new output current when the modulation depth is increased to 85%?
𝑚2
𝐼𝑇 = 𝐼𝑐 √1 +
2
2 𝑚12
𝐼𝑇1 1 + 2
( ) =
𝐼𝑇2 𝑚2
1+ 2
2
0.712
11.7 1+ 2
=√
𝐼𝑇2 0.852
1+ 2
𝐼𝑇2 = 𝟏𝟐. 𝟏𝟗𝟗𝟔 𝑨

8. A ham transmitter has a carrier power of 732 W. How much power is added to the signal when the
transmitter is 92 percent modulated?
𝑚2 0.922
𝑃𝑇 = 𝑃𝐶 (1 + ) = 732 (1 + ) = 𝟏𝟎𝟒𝟏. 𝟕𝟖𝟐𝟒 𝑾
2 2
𝑃𝑇 − 𝑃𝐶 = 1041.7824 − 732 = 𝟑𝟎𝟗. 𝟕𝟖𝟐𝟒 𝑾

9. An AM transmitter supplies 11.1 kW of carrier power to a 41-ohm load. It operates at a carrier


frequency of 1.2 MHz and is 84% modulated by a 3 kHz sine wave. Calculate the rms voltage of the
signal.

𝑚2 0.842
𝑃𝑇 = 𝑃𝐶 (1 + ) = 11100 (1 + ) = 15016.08 𝑊
2 2

𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 = √𝑃𝑇 × 𝑅𝐿 = √(15016.08)(50) = 𝟖𝟔𝟔. 𝟒𝟗 𝑽


An imaginary line called the envelope resembles the waveform of the modulating signal. TRUE

If a 5 kHZ sine wave modulates a 50 kHZ carrier, the upper sideband frequency will be 55 kHz. TRUE

The amplitude of the upper sideband frequency is greater than that of the lower sideband frequency.
FALSE

A circuit that changes lower frequency baseband or intelligence signal to a higher frequency signal is called
a modulator. TRUE

A time domain display can be seen on an oscilloscope. TRUE

AM modulation index can be computed using the display of AM signal in an oscilloscope. TRUE

Given a constant peak amplitude of the carrier signal, as the modulating signal voltage increases, the
modulation index also increases. TRUE

Distortion of AM signals can be avoided using compression circuits. TRUE

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