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Capul Juvylyka ME335 ASST5

Forced vibrations occur when a system is continuously driven by an external force, such as a child on a swing being pushed on each downswing. Resonance takes place when the driving frequency matches the natural frequency of a system, producing large amplitudes. Harmonic forcing is a force that varies sinusoidally over time. Vibration isolation involves isolating machinery from vibration sources to prevent transferring vibrations that could damage equipment or create noise. It is most beneficial when the frequency ratio between the excitation frequency and natural frequency is greater than 1.414.

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Juvy Lyka Capul
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145 views4 pages

Capul Juvylyka ME335 ASST5

Forced vibrations occur when a system is continuously driven by an external force, such as a child on a swing being pushed on each downswing. Resonance takes place when the driving frequency matches the natural frequency of a system, producing large amplitudes. Harmonic forcing is a force that varies sinusoidally over time. Vibration isolation involves isolating machinery from vibration sources to prevent transferring vibrations that could damage equipment or create noise. It is most beneficial when the frequency ratio between the excitation frequency and natural frequency is greater than 1.414.

Uploaded by

Juvy Lyka Capul
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1. What is meant by forced vibrations? Give examples of forced vibrations.

• Forced vibrations occur if a system is continuously driven by an external force. Some simple
examples are:
o a child on a swing pushed every downswing
o playing guitar by continuously strumming the strings
o when the stem of a vibrating tuning fork is pressed against the top of a table, the tuning
fork forces the tabletop are forced vibrations.

2. When does resonance takes place in a system?

• Resonance occurs when the driving frequency of an oscillation matches the natural frequency,
giving rise to large amplitudes. Resonance will not occur if the vibrating frequency does not match
the resonant frequency of the item.

3. Define harmonic forcing

• Harmonic forcing is a force whose magnitude varies sinusoidally with time. The magnitude of the
force will go up and down in accordance with the sine function.

4. Explain the concept of vibration isolation. When does this happen?

• Vibration isolation is the process of isolating an object such as isolating machinery from the source
of vibration. The possibility of vibrational energy being transferred from motorized equipment,
such as electric motors, fans, or pumps, to the structure is high when the equipment is mounted
to one. These vibrations could create noise and harm the machinery/equipment. Many
companies will find the vibration isolation to be highly beneficial.

5. A machine with a mass of 30 kg is operating at a frequency of 60 rad/s. What equivalent stiffness of the
machine’s mounting leads to resonance?
6. A 50 kg machine is mounted on an isolator with a stiffness of 6 x 105 N/m. During the operation, the
machine is subject to a harmonic excitation with a frequency of 140 rad/s. a.) What is the frequency
ration? b.) Does this isolator actually isolate the vibrations?

b.) Vibration isolation occurs only when the frequency ratio is greater than √2 or 1.414. Therefore, the
isolator does not isolate the vibrations since r= 1.278 which is less than 1.414.
7. For an SDOF system under applied force F=725 sin(30t), having mass of 60 kg, spring stiffness of 10
kN/m and damping constant of 500 N.s/m. Determine the Amplitude, and phase angle (in degrees) of the
system. Is it underdamped, or critically damped? Also, find the amplitude and phase angle when it is under
resonance.

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