Test I. Read the following items carefully. Write the letter of your answer.

1. Philosophy is considered to be overarching other fields of science. What makes philosophical approach
overarching other sciences?

A. Philosophy is said to be overarching other sciences for the reason that it became a discipline ahead of other
sciences.

B. Philosophy is said to be overarching other sciences because all of them originated from it.

C. Philosophy is said to be overarching other sciences because it studies everything.

D. Philosophy is said to be overarching other sciences because each field of science uses scientific method just like
Philosophy.

2. There are many different disciplines under Social Science. Which of the following statements shows the
relationship between Social Science and Philosophy?

A. Social Science and Philosophy are disciplines.

B. Philosophy is a discipline under Social Science.

C. Philosophy is employed in many different disciplines in making arguments.

D. Social Science is a discipline under Philosophy.

3. Economics, Sociology, Psychology, History, among others; are disciplines that follow scientific method in their
inquiry thus making them science. What makes Philosophy a science?

A. Philosophy is a science because it enables us to find answers to our questions.

B. Philosophy is a science because reasoning itself is a science.

C. Philosophy is a science because, as a discipline, it helps other sciences in their quest for answers.

D. Philosophy is a science because it is an organized body of knowledge just like any other sciences.

4. Most of social science concepts have etymological background. Which of the following tells about the etymology
or origin of the term philosophy?

A. The term philosophy comes from two Greek words philo and sophia which means “to love” and “wisdom”,
respectively.

B. The term philosophy comes from Confucian idea which says that deep thinking is essential to one’s well-being.

C. The term philosophy comes from two Greek words philo and sophia which means “to argue” and “agree”,
respectively.

D. The term philosophy was coined by early philosophers which means reasoning.

5. One of the characteristics of doing philosophy is that it is multidimensional or holistic in its approach. What is
meant by holistic?

A. It means that a philosopher does not limit himself to a particular object of inquiry.

B. It means that a philosopher questions almost anything, if not everything.

C. It means that philosophical approach must be based on empirical evidences.

D. Both A and B are correct.

1
6. The Principle of Non-Contradiction is one of the Highest Principles employed by philosophical inquiry. Which of
the following statements best applies this principle?

A. A cow is the same as beef.

B. Ice is a liquid matter in solid form.

C. If Ana went to school then she is not anywhere else.

D. The same person is present in two places at the same time.

7. “Nothing exists without sufficient reason for its being and existence” is stated by the Principle of Sufficient Reason.
Which of the following scenarios best describes this principle?

A. Ghosts as popularly known are spirits who could not be accepted either in hell nor in heaven.

B. Anything afloat the atmosphere will fall down on Earth because gravity will work on it after some time in one way
or another.

C. Cats have nine lives because they can easily prevent accidents.

D. Happy people are those who are contented with their lives.

8. One distinguishing characteristic of philosophy is that it uses Natural Light of Reason. Choose from the following
statements below that best describes this characteristic.

A. A philosopher uses his natural capacity to think or the so-called unaided reason.

B. A philosopher uses experiments to test his arguments and consequently uses the result of such experiment to aid
his reasoning.

C. A philosopher employs his gut feeling in order to arrive at reasonable argument.

D. A philosopher can assume what the majority thinks and consider such as valid reasoning.

9. Philosophy follows First Cause or Highest Principle. Which of the following pertains to the Principle of Identity?

A. The Principle of Identity means “it is impossible for a thing to be and not to be at the same time, and at the same
respect”.

B. The Principle of Identity means “everything is what it is”.

C. The Principle of Identity means “nothing exists without a sufficient reason for its being and existence”.

D. The Principle of Identity means “a thing is either is or is not, there is no middle ground possible”.

10. `Philosophy is a science just like any other sciences. But what makes it different from other sciences?

A. It is different from other sciences in the sense that it considers itself unique.

B. It is different from other sciences because it focuses mainly on reasoning.

C. It is different from other sciences because it does not employ laboratory instrument nor any investigative tools
but instead uses human reason alone.

D. It is different from other sciences simply because philosophers are different from scientists.

2
Test II

1. We cannot see the underlying matter itself but we can see the things made of that matter. What branch of
Philosophy sees things like this?

A. Metaphysics C. Logic

B. Aesthetics D. Epistemology

2. As a branch of Philosophy logic does not provide us with knowledge directly. Etymologically, it means a treatise on
matters pertaining to the human thought. As a branch of Philosophy logic does not provide us with knowledge
directly. What then is the role of logic in Philosophy?

A. Logic enhances appreciation of arguments.

B. Logic is used in some disciplines like mathematics.

C. Logic offers opportunities discovering new knowledge.

D. Logic serves as tool concerning the validity of our arguments.

3. A fundamental and necessary drive in every human being is knowing what is real. Which among the branches of
Philosophy accounts for the unreal in terms of what we accept as real?

A. Logic C. Metaphysics

B. Aesthetics D. Ethics

4. A branch of Philosophy deals with what is right or wrong. Another branch focuses itself with the non-observables.
What does epistemology deal with?

A. Epistemology deals with the other branches of Philosophy

B. Epistemology concerns itself with how to make arguments more valid and essential.

C. Epistemology deals with the nature, sources, limitations and validity of knowledge.

D. Epistemology focuses on discovering new knowledge unknown to men.

5. Examination of unobservable entities is the focus of metaphysical discourses. Which of the following statements
exhibits such character?

A. Beautiful designs like arts enhances the way we think.

B. If all backboned animals are called vertebrates, then a dog is a vertebrate.

C. All objects contain water.

D. Exercise of freedom should always be accompanied with responsibility.

6. It is not what we know that logic is interested in. Rather, it concerns itself on the truth and validity of our
arguments. Who was the philosopher who devised the first logical method?

A. Socrates C. Zeno

B. Plato D. Aristotle

3
7. The establishment of criteria of beauty is the function of aesthetics. Which of the following statements shows the
importance of aesthetics to us?

A. It helps us understand better the nature and origin of knowledge.

B. It brings us in touch with our culture and the arts.

C. It serves as a tool in unraveling the unknown.

D. It enables us to make plausible arguments.

8. Some philosophers believe that general ideas are formed from the examination of particular facts. What method
is employed in this kind of generating idea?

A. deduction C. epistemological

B. induction D. logical

9. How do we understand the difference between good and evil or right from wrong? This basic question is a concern
of what branch of Philosophy?

A. Epistemology C. Ethics

B. Logic D. Metaphysics

10. Ethics investigates the nature of moral virtue and evaluates human actions in order to arrive at knowledge.
Which of the following statements exemplifies the value of ethics in Philosophy?

A. Women are not inferior to men and that both must complement each other.

B. All matters are composed of atoms.

C. Ideas are forms of thought representing the real objects.

D. No man is an island

Test III

1. It is the belief that human behaviour can be explained by breaking it down into simpler component parts.

A. Analytic C. Reductionist

B. Speculative D. Holistic

2. What is the meaning of the Greek word Holos?

A. Hallway C. Whole

B. Holiday D. Wonder

3. The focus of the holistic approach in philosophy is –

A. Time C. Parts

B. Wholeness D. Space

4. What is the most important point of holistic approach?

A. Priority of the wholeness of being over its parts C. Realities of grammar and language

4
B. Relevance of the parts to understand the whole D. Speculations and pure opinions

5. A philosopher that introduced reductionism in the modern times

A. John Locke C. René Descartes

B. Immanuel Kant D. Charles Darwin

6. Minima maxima sunt means -

A. The smallest things are the most important

B. The minimum wage is the maximum we can get

C. The small efforts are the greatest

D. The minimum standard of man is the maximum for humanity

7. A philosopher that introduced holism in metaphysics

A. Plato C. Thales

B. Socrates D. Aristotle

8. The focus of the reductionist approach in philosophy is –

A. Time C. Parts

B. Wholeness D. Space

9. What is the most important point of reductionist approach?

A. Priority of the wholeness of being over its parts C. Realities of grammar and language

B. Relevance of the parts to understand the whole D. Speculations and pure opinions

10. What is the difference between reductionist and holistic approach?

A. Focus C. Tools

B. Topic D. Action

Test IV

1. His idea of two worlds is evident in the Christian distinction between this physical world and the world afterlife.

A. Plato C. Socrates

B. Aristotle D. Descartes

2. In the allegory of the cave, the cave depicts________________.

A. World of gods C. World of Senses

B. World of abyss D. World of Ideas

3. In the allegory of the cave, the outside of the cave depicts_________.

A. World of gods C. World of senses

B. World of abyss D. World of ideas

4. Man’s faculty towards acquiring knowledge is just mere –

5
A. Memorization; man’s brain is mechanical C. Remembering; man knows everything already

B. Nostalgia; man tends to dream about the past D. Intuition; man feels the hype of knowledge

5. Plato likened a man’s physique into a _______________.

A. State C. Dog

B. Cave D. World

6. Plato’s concept of a human being is composed of -

A. Attitude and Body C. Soul and Intelligence

B. Body and Soul D. Intelligence and Attitude

7. This human body can be classified into three according to Plato’s ‘The

Republic’, ___________, ___________, and ____________ like a State.

A. Rulers, Soldiers, and Workers C. President, Vice-President, and Secretary

B. Soldier, Peasants, and Farmers D. Senators, Congressmen/women, and Police Power

8. The HEAD of a human person symbolizes the virtue of ___________

A. Courage; that plays a vital role to man C. Temperance; the one that limits man’s desire

B. Wisdom; the rational ruler of all parts of the body D. None of the above

9. The SOLDIERS from Plato’s ‘The Republic’ is likened to a man’s _______

A. Arms; depiction of strength and force

B. Legs; shows mobility of the personhood

C. Chest; being spirited and full of courage

D. Stomach; conveys hunger towards justice

10. Plato’s idea of a good life is a life ruled by______________.

A. Emotions C. Questions

B. Actions D. Reason

Test V

1. Every moment of our lives is a choice. In fact, “life is what we make it”. Which of the following reminds us of
something important about the process of choosing?

A. Making a choice is philosophical.

B. Making a choice is an expression of freedom.

C. Remember that whenever we choose, we get what we want.

D. Remember that whenever we choose, we also give up something.

2. An idea remains an idea and will never realize unless it is translated into action. What aspect of the intellect or
reasoning enables a person’s ideas be translated into action?

6
A. ego C. behavior

B. will D. consciousness

3. Good should be sought after and evil should be avoided. This is natural law. Which of the following statements
tells about such law?

A. To see is to believe.

B. Beauty is in the eyes of the beholder.

C. The voice of the people is the voice of God.

D. Don’t do unto others what you don’t want others do unto you.

4. We always make choices. We behave the way we do because we believe that our chosen action has more benefits
than costs. What theory governs this behavior?

A. Evolution Theory C. Rational Choice Theory

B. Theory of Existentialism D. The Theory of Maximization

5. Consequence either good or bad is defined as a result of an action. Which of the following tells about the
relationship between one’s choice and its consequence?

A. Consequence only happens when we allow it to happen.

B. Action is realized only if a person wills it.

C. One’s action is influenced by his way of reasoning out.

D. Every choice we make has an eventual consequence either good or bad.

6. Learned ideas is useful. The fourfold classification of law is very important because it can be used to evaluate
one’s action. Who is the famous philosopher who gave light on the idea of fourfold classification of law?

A. St. Thomas Aquinas C. William Du Bois

B. Plato D. Jean-Jacques Rousseau

7. Action is a realization of one’s thought or idea. One’s choice is a form of action. How is

reasoning related to one’s will?

A. The will is volitional.

B. One’s will is guided by his/her reasoning.

C. One’s will guides his/her reasoning.

D. The will is independent from reasoning because they work separately.

8. Human Law is one among the fourfold classification of law. Which of the following best describes Human Law?

A. Human Law is the same as Natural Law because we live in this planet.

B. Human Law has been here even before the existence of human beings.

C. Directed towards common good, Human Law serves as instrument in the promotion of virtue.

D. Human Law is above other components of the fourfold classification because the rest of the laws are products of
human imagination.
7
9. Since all things were created by Him we can say that wisdom in everything is drawn out from the wisdom of God.
Therefore, seeking for the truth behind everything is seeking for God’s wisdom thus recognizing and understanding
what kind of law?

A. Natural Law C. Eternal Law

B. Human Law D. Divine Law

10. The fourfold classification of law is an interrelated but separable categories of law.

Which of the following is the combination of fourfold classification of law?

A. Human law, Natural Law, Eternal Law and Divine Law

B. Social law, Natural Law, Eternal Law and Divine Law

C. Social law, Natural Law, Eternal Law and Divine Law

D. Divine Law Human law, Natural Law, Eternal Law and Environmental Law

Test VI

1. The father of modern philosophy

A. St. Thomas Aquinas C. Socrates

B. Aristotle D. Descartes

2. Cogito ergo sum means –

A. I am therefore you are C. I know therefore I think

B. I think therefore I am D. I study therefore I know

3. It is a view in the philosophy of mind that mental phenomena are nonphysical.

A. Monism C. Solipsism

B. Existentialism D. Mind–body dualism

4. In the light of Descartes’ philosophy. We may say now that man is not man if he does not -

A. Think C. Work

B. Eat D. Pray

5. It pertains to our consciousness, self-awareness and the seat of intelligence

A. Thinking Chair C. Thinking Man

B. Thinking Thing D. Thinking Dog

6. Our mind is far superior to our body, therefore

A. Let not the desire of the flesh prevails C. Use our head every quiz time only

B. Follow thy heart not the mind D. Ignore your thoughts

7. How do you feed your mind?

A. Watch youtube C. Play basketball

8
B. Read books D. Sleep and dream

8. Possibilities are endless when we -

A. Use our resources to control the people around us

B. Use our mind and make our existence worthwhile

C. Use your body as something to gain happiness

D. Use your voice to shut down other people

9. What does dualism tells something about the body and mind?

A. There is a particular interaction between the mind and body

B. Body is apart from the mind up to the end of existence

C. The mind controls the body, the body surrenders to the soul

D. Both body and mind will cease to exist when man dies

10. What does Descartes mean about the powers of the mind?

A. The mind is limited if you do not study

B. The mind is full of thoughts and principles

C. The mind is limitless, it can never be contained

D. The mind is just a slave to the desires of the body

Test VII

1. IMAGO DEI is a Latin phrase which means

A. Image of God C. Image of Day

B. Mage of the Day D. Freedom Day

2. What does philosophia ancilla theologiae means?

A. Philosophy is not like Theology C. Philosophy bothers Theology

B. Philosophy is the handmaid of Theology D. Philosophy contradicts Theology

3. What is the first gift given to humankind that is capable of understanding the order of all things that God created?

A. Free will C. Reason

B. Courage D. Aspiration

4. What do you call the second gift which is also known as the faculty of the mind that selects a desire at the
moment of decision from among the various desires present?

A. Courage C. Aspiration

B. Reason D. Free will

5. What did Adam and Eve feel after eating the forbidden fruit?

A. Guilt C. Excited

9
B. Anxious D. Satisfied

6. It is an outstanding manifestation of the divine image.

A. Subjectivity C. Morality

B. Freedom D. Divinity

7. What do you call the inner voice that you hear that falls beneath the faculty of reason?

A. Whisper C. Conscience

B. Gossips D. Inner persona

8. Where does freedom come from?

A. From EDSA revolution

B. From Jean Paul Sartre‟s reflection

C. From the philosophers of the ancient times

D. From God

9. As Image Dei, we are bound to do -

A. Things that we want to do because we are free C. What is needed to do even it is bad

B. Good and avoid evil D. All that the people ask you to do

10. What is the essence of the Imago Dei?

A. We are given freedom to do anything we want

B. Reason is beyond and over free will

C. Freedom is just a matter of characteristic of a person

D. We are given the reason and free will that goes together

Test VIII

1. What is the battle cry of existentialism?

A. Existence precedes essence C. Cogito Ergo Sum

B. Essence precedes existence D. Live life to the fullest

2. A philosopher who coined the concept of absolute freedom is -

A. Martin Buber C. David Hume

B. John Locke D. Jean Paul Sartre

3. It is a belief that god does not exist

A. Monotheism C. Atheism

B. Polytheism D. Pantheism

4. It is a list of things you want to do before you die

A. Promise list C. Dream list

10
B. Bucket list D. Things-to-do list

5. What could be our basis for making choices?

A. Environment C. Intuition

B. Moral Values D. Imposed ideas

6. What do you think is one of the characteristic of our own choices?

A. Lax C. Illogical

B. Immediate D. Prudent

7. Absolute freedom is tantamount to

A. Freedom of spontaneous choice C. Freedom from evil by doing good

B. Freedom based on situations D. Freedom towards sins

8. What do you think is the goal of an existentialist

A. Choose good over evil C. Follow the rules and live

B. Live with authenticity D. Abuse your freedom

9. Absolute freedom also means -

A. We cannot avoid making choices C. We cannot avoid getting free

B. We cannot avoid the responsibilities D. We cannot avoid limitations

10. All individuals are condemned to be

A. Dead C. Free

B. Happy D. Sad

Test IX

1. What virtue has the highest moral value?

A. Respect C. Anger

B. Love D. Patience

2. He constituted the idea of situated freedom

A. Martin Buber C. Maurice Merleau-Ponty

B. Max Scheler D. Jean Paul Sartre

3. The exercise of freedom depends on

A. Time of the Day C. Desire

B. Mood D. Situation

4. It is way better than our intellect in terms of acquiring knowledge according to Merleau-Ponty

A. Experience C. Schooling

B. Intellect D. Tutorials
11
5. What do you call our basic and particular choices we made every day in our lives?

A. Freedom of expression C. Fundamental option

B. Freedom of choice D. Fundamental choice

6. What is our general direction or orientation in life that reflects our values in life?

A. Freedom of expression C. Fundamental option

B. Freedom of choice D. Fundamental choice

7. It is also called as vertical freedom

A. Freedom of expression C. Fundamental option

B. Freedom of choice D. Fundamental choice

8. What is the horizontal freedom?

A. Freedom of expression C. Fundamental option

B. Freedom of choice D. Fundamental choice

9. Our choices must be based on our ______________________

A. Moral standards/values C. Intellectual Choice

B. Desires D. Favorites

10. As we speak about the freedom of the human person, we may conclude that you are _________ to your actions
and________ to your choices.

A. Sincere and Well-founded C. Mindful and Firm

B. Sure and Unique D. Responsible and Accountable

Test X

1. A place created by people who believes that someday it will make their lives better?

A. Otherworld C. World of ideas

B. Netherworld D. World of senses

2. God is dead according to

A. Martin Buber C. Maurice Merleau-Ponty

B. Friedrich Nietzsche D. Jean Paul Sartre

3. Death is a certain reality

A. True, because death is a predictable instance

B. True, because it is an inescapable reality

C. False, because there is otherworld

D. False, because we can extend our life

4. What does Nietzsche wants us to realize in this lesson?

12
A. You can do more, we can do better

B. Your life is meaningless, go die

C. You don‟t have the right to be happy

D. Your life is a shadow of your future

5. What do you call a complete loss or absence of hope?

A. Miserable C. Anxiety

B. Depression D. Despair

6. What do we mean by ‘God is dead’?

A. People thought that God is dead when they are in despair

B. God dies, he abandons his people

C. People killed God and worship other belief system

D. God dies, so he was a mortal

7. What is the best way to do before we die?

A. Live according to your needs

B. Live according to signs of the times

C. Live life to the fullest authentically

D. Live a healthy lifestyle

8. Which does not belong to the group in living a genuine life?

A. Education C. Passion

B. Career D. Drugs and Vices

9. How do we need if we want to live an authentic life?

A. Optimistic perspective C. Come-what-may philosophy

B. Pessimistic perspective D. None of the above

10. In smallest details of life, what is the best thing to do before you die?

A. Blame yourself „til your last breath C. Let others feel pity about your life

B. Do your best in all things D. Cry and show your weakness to all

13
Test XI

1. The father of existentialism is

A. Soren Kierkegaard C. Maurice Merleau-Ponty

B. Friedrich Nietzsche D. Jean Paul Sartre

2. When reason ends, ________________ begins!

A. Analysis C. Discourse

B. Faith D. Brainstorm

3. People during Kierkegaard‟s time tend to ___________ their faith

A. Neglect C. Rationalize

B. Ignore D. Summarize

4. It is to do something although you know that something unpleasant or dangerous could happen.

A. Taking Risks C. Gambling

B. Prediction D. Guessing

5. What is the best way of living a true Christian life?

A. Memorize Bible verses C. Prove the existence of God

B. Attend mass every Sunday D. Do good and avoid evil

6. What do we mean „when reason ends faith begins’?

A. We embrace faith if our reason cannot grasp mysteries

B. We ignore reason and proceed with faith instead

C. We neglect both realities since life is meaningless

D. We predict that faith can resolve our problem

7. When we eliminate risks, we eliminate our _________________

A. Reason C. Justice

B. Faith D. Freedom

8. How can you say that you are ready for death?

A. When you know you have done good things

B. When you hold on to your faith and believe in the afterlife

C. When you lived well with others

D. All of the above

9. What is the meaning of your life?

A. Life is all about living a life of taking risks

14
B. Life is a matter of knowing when to die

C. Life is a matter of securing all things for your own sake

D. Life is all about changing oneself for others

10. For Kierkegaard, what does it mean when you take a risk?

A. You choose to stand in between reason and faith

B. You tend to embrace reason more than faith

C. You neglect and ignore all things

D. You uphold your beliefs over what you know

Test XII

1. The term dasein or being-towards- death is coined by -

A. Soren Kierkegaard C. Martin Heidegger

B. Friedrich Nietzsche D. Jean Paul Sartre

2. In Martin Heidegger’s concept of death, he focuses on the ___________

rather than death itself!

A. Human Person as the subject C. Anxiety about death

B. Fear of death D. Physical sickness

3. Martin Heidegger’s notion of existential anxiety can be best understood by the infamous line,
“________________”

A. Live today, die tomorrow C. Live life to the fullest

B. We are born to die D. We only live once

4. Death can be understood in two defining factors, ______ and ______.

A. Life and Love C. Fear and Anxiety

B. Hope and Despair D. Wonder and Change

5. This matter has no particular object in the concept of death, a feeling of non-beingness.

A. Fear C. Despair

B. Hope D. Anxiety

6. This matter has a particular object, somehow a physical feeling

A. Fear C. Despair

B. Hope D. Anxiety

7. It is simply a kind of talk “which the herd or masses conduct and it has a character of triviality.”

A. Idle walk C. Idle speak

B. Idle talk D. Idle look

15
8. According to the philosophy of death, there are two ways to face death, _______ and _________.

A. Escape and Accept C. Respect and Honor

B. Ignore and Runaway D. All of the above

9. What do you think is the best thing to do before you die?

A. Live life to the fullest C. Live an authentic way of life

B. Accept death and face it with your whole heart D. All of the above

10. In the concept of death, Martin Heidegger teaches us that

A. Death is something we should be afraid of

B. Death is the end of our lives

C. Death is a certain reality, a fulfilment of man’s life

D. Death is a joke, and the joke is on us

16