Notre Dame of Tacurong College

High School Department

City of Tacurong 1

Chapter I
INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

Electricity is the one that brings a revolutionary change in the world. Now it is
considered as the backbone of the world development. We cannot think our daily life
without electricity. Whenever we talk about electricity a name always comes in our
mind, Thomas Alva Edison is the inventor of electricity, his precious invention has made
our life more convenient as the same time more relaxing and enjoyable. According to
the method of great Thomas Alva Edison electricity has been producing all over the
world. But all countries do not have same capability of electricity producing. As a result
they have to face load shedding problem. Load shedding means when there is lacks of
electricity supply compare to demand of electricity. To solve this major problem our
scientist has made another precious invention known as Generator.

According Andrew Bodkin (2016) Portable manual energy generator can be a

manual input energy charges system for future use; and storage can be expanded for
longer operation and the fact that it’s light weight and portable is an advantage.

According to Casole d’Elsa (2018) The generator dimensions are strictly related to
the quantity of power they are able to supply. To determine the right size, add up the
total watts of all lights, appliances, tools, or other equipment you would like to connect
simultaneously to the generator; and According to Hare, Jonathan (2012) a simple hand
cranked generator that the researchers built can comfortably generate electricity without
having to turn the handle too fast; and its nature friendly.

Since electricity is not available in some cases, the reasearchers came up with
the study of creating a portable manual energy generator as an alternative source of
energy.
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Statement of the problem

This study is to create a portable manual energy generator as an alternative source of

energy.

Specifically aims to:

1. Create a portable manual energy generator.

2. Evaluate the portable manual energy generator.

Significance of the study

There are times when the power cuts, needing of source of light or energy,
portable manual energy generator will be there in need like natural calamities, Natural
disasters are the foremost things that crop up in the minds of most people when they
are pondering over purchasing portable generators. The residents of areas prone to
these cataclysmic phenomena should certainly have at least one portable generator,
which can be the vital difference between overheating or, staying cool, and life or death.
Another example is the Power outages, electric generators solely for subverting the
gross impact of occasional power outage blackouts that take place especially during
summers and at night, needing an emergency light is the first thing that comes in mind.

It will be a benefit to:

Researchers, it will benefit them, to have alternative source of electricity when

needed, especially when we need to input our ideas in a device that can’t work
because of a battery that’s out of energy.

Students, with the portable manual energy generator, there is no need to worry
in having a dead battery to contact their guardians to pick them up or to give
news about their well-being.
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Household, in an average Filipino household in Tacurong, people don’t waste

their time just because in convenience happens. When blackout occurs,
electricity is needed to lighten up the house to continue the tasks that are needed
to be done. The portable manual energy generator has a built in light that can be
used.
Community, In the Philippines, mobile gadgets are needed in many ways, but
some batteries don’t last long as they expected. With the help of the manual
energy generator, people can just charge their mobile gadgets without any
hassle in finding outlets to charge. They can also use its light when travelling at
night.

The materials needed to make the portable manual energy generator are affordable and
some materials also can be found at home which a benefit to save more money.
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Scopes and Limitations

This study compile with the researchers started last March 05 up to March 09,
2018. Experts are the respondents to this research. This research is all about making a
portable manual energy generator as an alternative source of energy. People who use
mobile devices are involved to this research. This portable manual energy generator
only needs small materials or recycled and found at home.

The materials needed for this project are copper wires with approximately 2-3
meters long, a dynamo, a LED light (a light-emitting diode; a semiconductor diode which
glows when a voltage is applied), a Volt regulator (optional), a Lithium-ion battery, a rod,
stick glue, rubber, screw, spaghetti wire, and wood. For the tools needed to make this
project are pliers, cutter, soldering iron and lead.

Hypothesis

Null

- The portable manual energy generator cannot produce electricity.

Alternate

- The portable manual energy generator can produce electricity.

Chapter II
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REVIEW ON RELATED LITERATURE

Conceptual framework

The portable
manual energy
generator

Alternative
Source of
Energy

Figure 1.1 the conceptual framework of the study

The conceptual framework shows that the portable manual energy generator, an
alternative source of energy; it is to produce electricity on urgent moments that happens
on wrong timings; the product can convert mechanical energy to electrical energy.

According to Tom Lombardo (2013), Distributed energy storage systems

(DESS) applications include several types of battery as a backup electricity source is
reliable, upgradable, economical and efficient.

One of the materials being used in the portable manual energy generator is the
dynamo and According to Charles Brush (2014), Dynamo is a device that makes direct
current electric power using electromagnetism. That is why the producing of energy will
be quicker if dynamo will be used as an alternative source of energy
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And in order to avoid common errors, batteries to be used must be rechargeable.

According to Marshall Brain (2018) Lithium- ion batteries is specifically to be used in the
portable manual energy generator. It’s better to read instructions and information about
the batteries before using.

If using a weak steel magnet, many thousands of turns of wire would be needed
and according to Billy Beaty (2018), Instead for a group of ceramic block magnets, you
need 600-800 turns to light a red LED. For a rare-earth neo super magnet, you'd only
need less than 100 turns of wire. The speed (RPM) affects the voltage, the number of
turns affects the voltage, and the strength of the magnet affects the voltage. To produce
higher current, use thicker wire.

According to Brian Baer (2017), a dynamo is an electric generator that produces

direct current using a commutator. A commutator is a device that reverses the direction
of current. The dynamo uses wire coils that rotate creating a magnetic field. This action
converts the mechanical energy of the rotation to a direct electric current. The inclusion
of a capacitor allows the dynamo to generate charge and the commutator transfers the
charge to the capacitor for storage.

For materials needed, according to Ma Wen Jie (2017), because a basic

generator is very simple, it can be made from readily available components. A low
voltage flashlight bulb can show that the generator is actually producing electricity and
an inexpensive socket for the light bulb will make it easier to hold the bulb against the
power feeds from the generator.

Advantages and disadvantages are really a part of a study. According to Nina

Cai (2016), the advantages of a portable manual energy generator: This is, in a word, a
charger is portable. You can bring it in the office, or while on vacation. It does not need
sockets. So you can charge your phone even when you are in travel or vacation in the
woods. The portability will certainly help you stay away from a terrible situation when the
box runs out of life. It’s economical and not too much pressure on your wallet. The
disadvantages are: small disadvantage is that it’s tiring. It is thick and has weight.
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According to Froilan Destreza (2014), A commutator is a mechanism used to

switch the input of certain AC and DC machines consisting of slip ring segments
insulated from each other and from the electric motor's shaft. The motor's armature
current is supplied through the stationary brushes in contact with the revolving
commutator, which causes required current reversal and applies power to the machine
in an optimal manner as the rotor rotates from pole to pole.

In terms of DC generator, according to William Beaty (1996), if you want a DC

generator, you'll have to add a special reversing switch to the magnet shaft. It's a switch
called a "commutator." If you look up some DC generator DIY projects, you'll see how to
build the commutator switch.

A generator will produce an electrical current that can power a variety of devices
according to Sarah Kim (2017); Generators make good backup power sources in
outages. They use a process that converts mechanical energy into electricity. The
mechanical energy causes a magnetic change within coiled wire, which then conducts
the electrical current. 

Chapter III
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METHODOLOGY

This chapter shows the following design of the study. It includes the locations
where the research is held and has been evaluated with chosen experts to this field. It
also includes the data gathering tool with its data analysis.

Design of the study

Portable Manual
Energy Generator

Create a portable manual

Locale Lim residence
energy generator

Notre Dame of
Locale Tacurong College

Evaluate the portable

Respondent The researchers chose
manual energy generator
s experts to this field to
evaluate the portable
manual energy generator
Data
gathering Evaluation form
tool

Data Mean and

Analysis percentage score

Figure 1.2 design of the study

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Locale

The locale of the study where it was created is at Lim residence, Saranay 1 st block,
Tacurong City, Sultan Kudarat; and at Notre Dame of Tacurong College High School
Department where the portable manual energy generator was evaluated. A four story building, a
catholic school here at Tacurong City Sultan Kudarat.

Respondent

The respondents who are experts in this field was discovered at Notre Dame
of Tacurong College.

Data gathering tool

The data gathering tool was an evaluation form that the researchers made
for the experts to evaluate to gather information and data about the portable manual
energy generator

Data Analysis

The data gathering tool was an evaluation form that the researchers made
for the experts to evaluate and to gather information and data regarding on materials,
durability, efficiency and efficacy, and lastly, dependability,
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Definition of terms:

Generator- is a device that converts motive power (mechanical energy) into electrical

power for use in an external circuit.

Dynamo- is an electrical generator that produces direct current with the use of

a commutation.

Voltmeter- is a device that measures voltage.

Lithium-ion battery- is a type of rechargeable battery in which lithium ions move from
the negative electrode to the positive electrode during discharge and back when
charging.

Soldering iron- is a hand tool used in soldering. It supplies heat to melt solder so that it
can flow into the joint between two work pieces.

Lead- is a chemical element with symbol Pb and atomic number 82. It is a heavy metal
that is denser than most common materials. Lead is soft and malleable, and has a
relatively low melting point.

Alternative- it is one of two or more available possibilities.

Manual- involving or using human effort, skill, power, energy, physical actions.

Electrical energy- is the energy newly derived from electric potential energy or kinetic
energy.

Mechanical energy- the energy associated with the motion and position of an object.
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Chapter IV

Data analysis

This chapter presents the data gathered from the study and the evaluation of each
expert to this field. The researchers used a table to determine the mean of the portable
manual energy generator and with the criteria showed below.

After the evaluation of the experts, the researchers proceeded to find proof that the
portable manual energy generator that the researchers conducted will be a success.

Table 1 The total scores and the Mean score of the four experts in science
Criteria Expert I Expert II Expert III Expert IV Total Mean
Materials 23 24 25 25 97 24.25
Durability 25 20 20 20 85 21.25
Efficiency and 24 24 24 24 96 24
Efficacy
Availability 22 20 25 25 92 23
Total 94 88 94 94 92.5
Mean 23.5 22 23.5 23.5
Percentage 94% 88% 94% 94%

Based on the table showed above, the first expert scored the materials with 23,
25 in durability, 24 in efficiency and efficacy and 22 in availability; and with the total of
94; and it garnered 94% overall which means that the total scores surpasses the
evaluation, and in terms in materials, durability, efficiency and efficacy and availability;
the first expert agreed to the product.
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The second expert scored the materials with 24, 20 in durability, 24 in efficiency
and efficacy and 20 in availability; and it garnered 88% overall which means that the
total scores surpasses the evaluation, and in terms in materials, durability, efficacy and
availability and availability; the second expert agreed to the product.

The third expert scored the materials with 25, 20 in durability, 24 in efficiency and
efficacy and 25 in availability; and it garnered 94% overall which means that the total
scores surpasses the evaluation, and in terms in materials, durability, efficacy and
availability and availability; the third expert agreed to the product.

The fourth expert scored the materials with 25, 20 in durability, 24 in efficiency
and efficacy and 25 in availability; and it garnered 94% overall which means that the
total scores surpasses the evaluation, and in terms in materials, durability, efficacy and
availability and availability; the third expert agreed to the product.
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Table 2 The total score, Mean score and Percentage overall

Criteria Total Mean Percentage

Materials 97 23.5 97%
Durability 85 22 85%
Efficiency and Efficacy 96 23.5 96%
Availability 92 23.5 92%
Total 370 2.64

Based on the table showed above, overall, the results show that the portable
manual energy generator is a success in terms of materials; the materials can be seen
or available in the market. The said materials are cheap. The materials can be mass
produce. The materials can be easily assembled. The materials used in the product are
nature friendly.

As for its durability, based on the evaluation form given to the experts, the
portable manual energy generator can withstand a long period of time. The durability of
the product is at the point where it can handle harsh weather condition. The product can
withstand shock. The product can’t withstand explosion. The product can’t be flexible.

As for its efficiency and efficacy, the portable manual energy generator has work
that is equal to the produced energy. The product can convert mechanical energy to
electrical. The product can charge mobile devices. The product’s light works properly
when use. The product has no error in regards to making energy.

And as for the availability, the portable manual energy generator can work in any
season. The product can be used all around and available at any times. The product will
come in handy during emergencies. The portable manual energy generator can be used
in a long period of time.
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Chapter V

The following chapter concludes this report. The summary of the research is
presented, and the conclusion are discussed and interpreted. Recommendations for
further research end the chapter.

Summary

The portable manual energy generator is a device that converts mechanical

energy to electrical energy for use in an external circuit. We make this product because
aside from good benefits of it, we can also help people who cannot afford to buy energy.
Some benefits of it can use for brown outs and other emergencies. Portable: This is, in
a word, a charger is portable. You can bring it in the office, or while on vacation. You
can also use it to charge your mobile phone. The portability will certainly help you stay
away from a terrible situation when the box runs out of life. In addition, people who use
mobile devices were considered appropriate as population of the study area because,
as stated in chapter one, the portable manual energy generator is for urgent
emergencies, when the person needed a light or a source of energy.

Conclusion

The Portable Manual Energy Generator in which where all of us can benefit if we
use it as our source of energy at our designated locations. We can save energy and
power as well as help the environment saves power usage consumption. The generator
is portable and this can help us reach out to further locations of villages or houses
where there is no electricity to make a better place around the world.

Recommendation

For this research, the researchers recommend that ones you’ll use a battery, just
make sure that the wires you’ll be using to connect the positive and negative have
covers in it because when the wirings are open, the energy will continue to flow that
causes the battery to deflate and it won’t be use anymore when it’s needed. It’s better to
use accessible yet quality wise in making a Portable Manual Energy Generator. Magnet
and copper wire will be best for this. Some it is cheaper and easier.
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Appendices

Methods and procedures (steps)

Before starting in making the portable manual generator, make sure that all material
needed are complete to avoid difficulty.

Step 1: prepare the base that is needed for assembling.

Step 2: prepare the metal that will be used for the wheel
Step 3: with the use of wires, connect it on the dynamo. Afterwards, connect it to the battery,
then to the switch; afterwards connect it to the USB port and with the volt regulator.
Step 4: Display it all on the base with the use of stick glue (optional) and soldering iron (using
electrical tape is okay).
Step 5: make the wheel and attach the rod onto it (you can make it any way you can as long
as it can be rotated). Afterwards, put the rubber around the dynamo and the wheel to create a
circular motion or rotation.
Step 6: assure that the items that you put are in the right order for the product to function
properly.

it is optional to add the solar panel but if you want just connect it to the power supply The
manual energy generator that we made is just an example of the actual product; it still needs some
improvements to make it better my proposal to make it better is increase the electrical capacity of
the product so that it can have more load.

The manual energy generator that we made is just an example of the actual
product; it still needs some improvements to make it better my proposal to make it
better is increase the electrical capacity of the product so that it can have more load.
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Documentation:

(Pictures of the product)

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Documentation:

(Pictures of the product)

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References:

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Beaty, B. (2018)
How to make a simple electric generator. Retrieved on March 06, 2018
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Beaty, W. (1996)
Ultra-simple Electric Generator. Retrieved on March 10, 2018
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Brain, M. (2018)
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06, 2018 fromhttps://www.wikihow.com/Make-a-Simple-Electric-Generator

Brush, C. (2014)
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Cai, N. (2016)
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Casole. D (2018)
About portable generators. Retrieved on March 11, 2018
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Destreza, F, (2014)
Portable Self-Sustaining Electric Generator. Retrieved on March 06, 2018 from
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Hare, J (2012)
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Kim, S. (2017)
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