QUESTION BANK 2019

SIDDHARTH GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS :: PUTTUR

Siddharth Nagar, Narayanavanam Road – 517583

QUESTION BANK (DESCRIPTIVE)

Subject with Code : Management Information System (18MB712) Course & Branch: MBA
Year & Sem: I-MBA & II-Sem Regulation: R18
UNIT-I
Introduction to MIS

1. What is called MIS? Define its importance?

2. How do management decisions can be taken?
3. Discuss Systems Approach and Information?
4. Explain Ark system?
5. What Information System Architecture?
6. Which is called Quantitative Techniques?
7. Management Information Systems interfacing?
8. Give a discussion on Management information system under system approach?
9. A. Discuss about role of managers in organization?
B. Explain DM with MIS?
10. A. Explain any two definitions in MIS?
B. what are the difference between information system & management information system?

UNIT-II
Structure of MIS
1. What is called structure of MIS? Discuss?
2. What are the Basic structural concepts?
3. Write down the differences between public and private information system?
4. What is MIS Office automation?
5. Describe the functionality of Decision Support System?
6. How Knowledge Work Systems works?
7. Artificial Intelligence menace what? Explain with definition?
8. A. What is Formal information? Example?
B. What is Informal information? Example
9. What is called Group Decision Support Systems (GDSS)?

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10. Explain any two office application helps in DM?

UNIT-III
MIS Development and Functions
1. Give an Overview of System Development?
2. System development methodologies‘ define the statement?
3. What is called SDLC? Explain its approach?
4. What is called prototyping approach?
5. Explain the need of user development approach?
6. Give some System Development importance?
7. Explain System development methodologies?
8. What is the difference between SDLC approach & prototyping approach?
9. What is the difference between data mining & data warehousing?
10. What is the need of user development approach?
UNIT-IV
Implementation, Evaluation, Maintenance and control of MIS
1. Explain about software life cycle models?
2. What are the difference between verification and validation?
3. What are the types of testing security?
4. Explain about what is meant by coding? Explain its importance and techniques?
5. How do you detection an error and explain how do you solves it?
6. What is software metrics? Explain it?
7. What is called software quality assurance? Define it?
8. How can you achieve cost benefit analysis?
9. What are the types of information system control?
10. Define A. verification B. Validation?

UNIT-V
Enterprise Resource Planning
1. Explain CRM system?
2. Differentiate between EPR and Conventional package?
3. What are the objectives of ERP?
4. What is ERP? Explain?
5. What is the relation between MIS & Enterprise Resource Planning?
6. What is need of maintenance in MIS?
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7. Explain about conventional packages?

8. Rise some suggestions to an ERP vendor?
9. Write down the difference between customer relationship management and supply chain
management?
10. What are the customer expectations from ERP packages?

Case Study 1: Apple Merging Technology, Business, and Entertainment

This might sound hard to believe, but a bit more than a decade ago, Apple was on the brink of bankruptcy.
Apple Computer Inc., now back from near oblivion, is blazing a trail through the digital world with innovation
and creativity that has been missing from the company for the past 20 years. The unique feature of Apple‘s
competitive advantages is that they come from customers and users, not Apple employees. That‘s right; the
company welcomes products created by consumers to sell to consumers, a trend new to business.

Capitalizing on the iPod

With millions of iPods in the hands of consumers, many people are finding ways to capitalize on the product.
John Lin created a prototype of a remote control for the iPod and took his prototype to Macworld, where he
found success. A few months later, Lin‘s company had Apple‘s blessing and a commitment for shelf space in its
retail stores. ―This is how Apple supports the iPod economy,‖ Lin said. In the iPod-dominated market, hundreds
of companies have been inspired to develop more than 500 accessories—everything from rechargers for the car
to $1,500 Fendi bags.

Eric Tong, vice president at Belkin, a cable and peripheral manufacturer, believes that 75 percent of all iPod
owners purchase at least one accessory—selling over 30 million accessories to date. With most of the products
priced between $10 and $200, that puts the iPod economy well over $300 million and perhaps as high as $6
billion. Popular iPod accessories include:

Altec Lansing Technologies—iPod speakers and recharger dock ($150).

Belkin—TuneCast mobile FM transmitter ($40).

Etymotic Research—high-end earphones ($150).

Griffin Technology—iTrip FM transmitter ($35).

Kate Spade—Geneva faux-croc mini iPod holder ($55).

Apple—socks set in six colors: green, purple, blue, orange, pink, and gray ($29).

Apple—digital camera connector ($29).

Capitalizing on the iPhone

Looking at someone using an iPhone is an interesting experience because there is a good chance they are not
making a phone call. They could be doing a number of things from playing a game to trading stocks, watching a
TV show, or even conducting business with a mobile version of salesforce.com ‘s customer-management
software. In a brilliant strategic move, Apple let outsiders offer software for the iPhone and in less than six
months, more than 10,000 applications had been created. In fact, more than 15,000 applications are available at
its app store section of iTunes, and they have been downloaded a total of 500 million times. Now, many of the

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iPhone apps are available for the iPad. The iPhone and iPad app store market is getting so huge relative to other
smartphone markets that some developers argue there is little point adapting applications for Google‘s Android
or any other iPhone competitor. According to Jeff Holden, CEO of Pelago Inc., when he created his social
networking company he fully intended to follow the conventional wisdom for how to build a sizable, fast-
growing software company: Get your programs on as many platforms and devices as possible. But when he
crunched the numbers he came to an interesting business conclusion: The 13 million iPhone owners had already
downloaded more applications than the 1.1 billion other cell phone owners! To entrepreneurs, developing a
program for the iPhone automatically provides a significantly larger market—almost 94 times larger than its
competitors. ―Why would I ever build for anything but the iPhone?‖ Holden asked

Questions:

1) Why are data, information, business intelligence, and knowledge important to Apple? Give an example of
each type in relation to the iPad.

2) Explain how Apple achieved business success through the use of information, information technology, and
people.

3) Evaluate how Apple can gain business intelligence through the implementation of a customer relationship
management system.

Case Study 2 : Walmart

With the advent of science and technology, technological innovations have become a pre-requisite to achieve
operational and strategic excellence. Organizations by using state-of-the-art systems, are striving for their best to
achieve sustainable and long-term competitive advantage. It has become sine qua non to use modern tools for
the effective achievement of goals and objectives. Its importance can also be observed from the increased
spending on Research & Development in order to pace up with the todays dynamic business environment. Wal-
Mart, founded by Sam Walton in 1962, is the world's largest retailer that employs about 2.1 million associates
worldwide, in more than 8,400 stores, including 8, discount stores, 3,100 combination discount and grocery
stores.

Wal-Mart is serving its customers and members more than 200 million times per week at more than 8,613 retail
units under 55 different banners in 15 countries. Wal-Mart has ranked first among retailers in Fortune
Magazine's 2010 Most Admired Companies survey with fiscal year 2010 sales of $405 billion. Sam Walton's
belief was to build an empire by providing value to its customers and empowering employees, also known as
associates. The way the Wal-Mart operates is so fascinating and impressive that Jack Welch, CEO of General
Electric once said: "Many of our management teams spent time there observing the speed, the bias for action, the
utter customer fixation that drives Wal-Mart." The use of high-tech Information technology has always been an
essential ingredient for WalMart's growth. Since its inception, it has used the IT systems well enough for the
Inventory, administrative, customers and suppliers management.

Wal-Mart's investment in technology started with the computerized accounting systems and since then the
continuous adoption of latest technologies has made Wal-Mart a market leader in the whole retail industry. Wal-
Mart developed a well-equipped computerized Point of Sale (POS) system capable of identifying each unit sold,
creation of accurate sales receipt and storing all the information itemby-item for sales analysis and inventory
reordering purposes. It helped company to avoid overstocking of merchandize through effective information
usage and also assisted them in investing in only those merchandize that were profitable. It has also helped them
figure out best selling products and prospective products that customers want. Analysts say that it is Wal-Mart's
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Point of Sale system that has helped them achieve the world's largest market share and revenues in retail
industry. Wal-Mart, in 2004, was the first in retail industry to adopt electronic radio frequency identification
(RFID) tags for inventory distribution management. RFID technology, which is still being used, helps them keep
track of inventory movement across its supply chain. Wal-Mart was trailing KMart in 1980's but with the
adoption of latest technologies, it has now become the trend setter in retail industry all over the world. Wal-Mart
is currently working on a project to make best out of wireless technology. In near future, they have plans to
develop a remote system that would allow customers to just walk into their store and use their own devices
(Phones or PDA's) to get whatever they want. i.e. they might go online to their website, while at the store, and
find things for themselves or just compare the products' prices etc.

Customer service, best shopping environment and experience, one-stop shopping, best value products, customer
convenience of online shopping, good customer relations are the blessings that Wal-Mart provides using cutting-
edge technology. Latest wireless system at their stores, online web-retailing, vast width and hierarchy of product
items, and stores at multiple remote sites are the benefits customers of Wal-Mart cherish. Wal-Mart is
considered to be a trend setter in retail industry and it's all due to its inclination towards achieving impossible
through modern technology. For example, Wal-Mart once tried to develop three experimental stores in
McKinney, Aurora and Las Vegas that were equipped with latest technologies or concepts like wind turbines,
photovoltaic solar panels, bio-fuel-capable boilers and water-cooled refrigerators. Irrespective of the criticism it
had on environmental issues, Wal-Mart's initiative was considered to be a positive step towards change and
innovation and it provided them with an opportunity to become the biggest seller of organic milk and the biggest
buyer of organic cotton in the world, as well as reducing packaging and energy costs. It has been quoted in
2006's annual report of Wal-Mart that in order to compete against upscale and appealing store, such as 'Target',
they have launched a new Supercenter concept in Plano, Texas. The new store had wood floors, wider aisles, a
sushi bar, a coffee shop with free Wi-Fi Internet access, and more expensive beers, wines and other electronics
goods.

By using advance forecasting techniques and integrating different technologies, Wal-Mart is planning to deploy
simulation software that would help them simulate business events that are yet to happen.

Wal-Mart has got a strategic plan of introducing a concept of self-service. Self-service technology,
aimed at eliminating paper and paper forms, will be provided to their associates, prospective
associates, customers and members. It was said by Kevin Turner, CEO of Wal-Mart's subsidiary
corporation, in his interview with 'CIO' personnel that "having an associate portal and devices on
our sales floors will let customers and members get product information, and let us do computerassisted selling".
Wal-Mart has been outstanding in its investments in Information technology from all prospects.
IT systems at Wal-Mart allow them to reduce transactional as well as operational costs at their
distribution centers and it has also helped them to support Wal-Mart's long-term strategy of owning
the distribution centers and maintaining long-term relationships with their suppliers. Also,
improvement in productivity due to IT systems is dramatic at Wal-Mart. It has helped them offer
products at such a nominal cost that a small town merchant is unable to provide and this is
remarkable achievement of Wal-Mart. It has become a sustainable competitive advantage for them
over their competitors and a reason of their growth and profitability. We are aware of a fact that
every benefit is accompanied with some problem but Wal-Mart has successfully defied its
weaknesses and have used its strength well to take advantage from the prospective opportunities
and avoiding possible threats

Questions:

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1) How IT and IS may be used to help the company operate and achieve its objective
2) Discuss the challenges faced by the CIO - which are the most important and why?
3) What role does information technology play in the business? How is it helping Walmart refine its
business strategies?
4) Summarize the main purposes of information systems in organizations

Case Study: 3

A new on-line teller system design for a medium size bank was approved by the president, signaling
the beginning of implementation. The project leader devised a master plan to specify who is to perform
each task and in what order. New deposit slips and withdrawers were ordered and delivered three
weeks before implementation. In the interim, copies of the user manual were prepared for the lobby
and drive-in-tellers. Soon after the terminals were installed, the tellers begin to learn how to enter
various transactions. After training sessions were over, they had a chance to ask questions and enquire
about the new system. Once completed, the telephone company and the computer service
representative hooked up the terminal on-line with the master system.

The following Monday (a week before actual conversion), the analyst asked the head teller whether
the tellers would come in on Saturday to catch up on their work and run test data to reinforce recent
training. The head teller agreed to overtime, but on Saturday, only 12 of 17 tellers showed up. During
that time, the entire system was checked out and functioned as expected.

The bank opened the following Monday, the online system operated normally. Customers were
greeted at the door by the president. Coffee and cake were served in the lobby. At the end of the day,
the analyst sent a report to the board directors informing them that the system was now in operation
and all user requirements had been met.

Three weeks later the analyst was called to the board meeting. The chairman criticized the analyst for
exceeding the budgeted amount approved by the board. Furthermore the authorization the analyst gave
the terminal vendor to bring in two CRT screens to expedite information retrieval exceeded his
authority to implement the system. The bank‘s auditor also estimated that it would take 3.8 years rather
than the initial estimate of 2.1 years to break even on the total cost of the installation. Not knowing
what to say, the analyst left the board room with a feeling of total failure.

(a) What are the major problems in the case? Who is to blame? Why?

(b) Was the board chairman justified in his criticism of the analyst? Explain.

(c) Discuss whether the analyst succeeded in implementation of the system.

Case Study 4 MIS: Information System in Restaurant

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Case Summary:

A waiter takes an order at a table, and then enters it online via one of the six terminals located in the
restaurant dining room. The order is routed to a printer in the appropriate preparation area: the cold
item printer if it is a salad, the hot-item printer if it is a hot sandwich or the bar printer if it is a drink. A
customer‘s meal check-listing (bill) the items ordered and the respective prices are automatically
generated. This ordering system eliminates the old three-carbon-copy guest check system as well as
any problems caused by a waiter‘s handwriting. When the kitchen runs out of a food item, the cooks
send out an ‗out of stock‘ message, which will be displayed on the dining room terminals when waiters
try to order that item. This gives the waiters faster feedback, enabling them to give better service to the
customers. Other system features aid management in the planning and control of their restaurant
business. The system provides up-to-the-minute information on the food items ordered and breaks out
percentages showing sales of each item versus total sales. This helps management plan menus
according to customers‘ tastes. The system also compares the weekly sales totals versus food costs,
allowing planning for tighter cost controls. In addition, whenever an order is voided, the reasons for the
void are keyed in. This may help later in management decisions, especially if the voids consistently
related to food or service. Acceptance of the system by the users is exceptionally high since the waiters
and waitresses were involved in the selection and design process. All potential users were asked to give
their impressions and ideas about the various systems available before one was chosen.

Questions:

1. In the light of the system, describe the decisions to be made in the area of strategic planning,
managerial control and operational control? What information would you require to make such
decisions?
2. What would make the system a more complete MIS rather than just doing transaction
processing?
3. Explain the probable effects that making the system more formal would have on the customers
and the management.

Prepared by: Mr.Sai Chandu.K & Dr. Kuladeep Kumar

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 MIS Question Bank

MBA Semester – 2

Module 1

1. Define Information System. What are the main dimensions of Information System?
2. What are the strategic business objectives of Information system?
3. Differentiate between Data & Information & write attributes of information.
4. Explain the behavioral and economic impact of information system on organization.
5. Discuss the various job opportunities in the field of IT.
6. Using Michael Porter’s 5 forces model describe how business can use information system to
apply competitive strategies.

Module 2

1. Discuss various information system serve at various level of organization.

2. Define Expert system. What are the application of expert system.
3. Short note on: (a) GDSS (b) GIS (c) KMS (d) Client-server network
4. Describe the Relationship between TPS, MIS, DSS, ESS.

Module 3

1. What is Network Topology? Name & explain principle network topologies.

2. What are the principle technologies and standards for wireless networking, communication and
Internet access?
3. What is computer network? Discuss various types of computer network.
4. What is the various physical transmission media used in a network?

Module 4

1. Explain in detail computer crime & hacking as the biggest issue to the information system.
2. What are the security measures that a company can use to manage their security?
3. What are the key digital networking technologies? Explain in detail.
4. Define ERP system. Discuss its importance and limitation.
5. Piracy & Privacy are the biggest issues created by the information technology – Justify.
6. Write a note on: (a) Intranet (b) Extranet (c) Customer relationship management system
(d) Supply chain management system (e) E-commerce
 MCQ on Management Information System. Answer Key

1.Management information systems (MIS)

1. create and share documents that support day-today office activities
2. process business transactions (e.g., time cards, payments, orders, etc.)
3. capture and reproduce the knowledge of an expert problem solver
4. use the transaction data to produce information needed by managers to run the
business
5. none of the above
2 The term used to describe those people whose jobs involve sponsoring and funding the project
to develop, operate, and maintain the information system is
1. information worker
2. internal system user
3. systems owner
4. external system user
5. systems builder
3 The person who ensures that systems are developed on time, within budget, and with
acceptable quality is a
1. systems designer
2. project manager
3. systems owner
4. external system user
5. systems builder
4 Which one of the following is not a business driver for an information system?
1. business process redesign
2. knowledge asset management
3. proliferation of networks and the Internet
4. security and privacy
5. collaboration and partnership
5 A task of developing a technical blueprint and specifications for a solution that fulfills the
business requirements is undertaken in the following phase of the system development
process
1. system initiation
 2. system implementation
3. system analysis

4. system design
5. feasibility analysis
6 If a university sets up a web-based information system that faculty could access to record
student grades and to advise students, that would be an example of a/an
1. CRM
2. intranet
3. ERP
4. extranet
5. none of the above
7 Which of the following is not a technology driver for an information system?
1. enterprise applications
2. object technologies
3. knowledge asset management
4. collaborative technologies
5. networks and the Internet
8 Which of the following is a deliverable of the system implementation phase in a formal
system development process?
1. technical hardware and software solution for the business problem
2. business problem statement
3. statement of the system users’ business requirements
4. technical blueprint and specifications for a solution that fulfills the business requirements
5. none of the above
9 An information system that supports the planning and assessment needs of executive
management is
1. DSS
2. TPS
3. ERP
4. MIS
5. none of the above
10 Decision makers who are concerned with tactical (short-term) operational problems and
decision making are
 1. middle managers
2. executive managers
3. supervisors
4. mobile managers
5. none of the above
11 The application of information to scan an organisation’s environment is:
1. external communication.
2. information overload.
3. sensing.
4. internal communication.
5. none of the above.
12When a bank uses information to launch a personalised credit card product this:
1. manages risks.
2. creates a new opportunity.
3. adds value.
4. reduces costs.
5. none of the above.
13 When a bank uses business performance management software to monitor its performance in
differences regions this:
1. reduces costs.
2. manages risks.
3. adds value.
4. creates a new opportunity.
5. none of the above.
14 When a bank offers web self-service for customers to answer their questions, the primary
outcome is:
1. adds value.
2. manages risks.
3. reduces costs.
4. creates a new opportunity.
5. none of the above.
15 The general transformation cycle for information is:
1. information to data to knowledge.
2. knowledge to data to information.
3. data to knowledge to information.
 4. data to information to knowledge.
5. none of the above.
16 The most important attribute of information quality that a manager requires is:
1. relevance.
2. media.
3. presentation.
4. timeliness.
5. none of the above.
17 To improve the performance of a business process, which of the following is most relevant?
1. Input.
2. Processing.
3. All of the above.
4. Control and feedback
5. Output.
18 Monitoring the legal constraints which a company operates under requires review of:
1. a company’s customers.
2. a company’s outputs.
3. a company’s macro-environment.
4. a company’s micro-environment.
5. all of the above.
19 The majority of publically available Internet information sources are:
1. created in XML.
2. structured information.
3. normal information.
4. unstructured information.
5. none of the above.
20 Records management:
1. is a discipline limited to digitised paper documents.
2. is a discipline limited to library books.
3. is a discipline limited to paper documents.
4. is a discipline limited to information contained in databases.
5. none of the above.

21 Which of the following should be represented on an information flow diagram?

 1. Entity
2. Source
3. Process
4. Attribute
5. Database
22 A web blueprint depicts:
1. the layout of an individual web page
2. the layout of the home page
3. the layout of an index page
4. the layout of a website
5. the layout of a sitemap
23 UML depicts information systems as a collection of:
1. Entities
2. Processes
3. Data
4. Information
5. Objects
24 Which of the following statements describes a taxonomy?
1. A browsable hierarchy
2. A list of equivalent terms
3. A complex controlled vocabulary showing relationships
25 Which of the following statements about XML schemas is incorrect?
1. Schemas can specify integer values
2. Schemas are defined by XSD tag
3. All XML documents must have a schema
4. Schemas provide data oriented data types
5. They offer more flexibility than DTDs
26 Which of the following relates to enterprise interoperability?
1. DFD
2. Information flow diagram
3. XML
4. Entity relationship diagram
27 Which of the following is not a type of navigation system for a web site?
1. National
 2. Global
3. Contextual
4. Local
5. Regional
28 What should not be part of an acceptable use policy?
1. Allowable use of systems
2. Legal obligations
3. Encryption policies
4. User responsibilities
5. Account and password responsibilities 29 Use-case analysis focuses upon:

1. data
2. Objects
3. Entities
4. Actors
30 Which of the following is part of a static view of information?
1. Logical data model
2. Meta data
3. Data flow model
4. Information process model
31Contemporary Information Systems are interfacing with customers and suppliers using :
1. BPR
2. CRM
3. SCM
4. Both A and B
5. Both B and C
32 Information systems that support the business functions that reach out to suppliers are known
as:
1. back office information systems
2. decision support systems
3. expert information systems
4. front office information systems
5. none of the above
33 Which of the following is not a class of information system applications?
1. database management system
 2. decision support system
3. expert system
4. management information system
5. office automation system
34 Who are the people that actually use the system to perform or support the work to be
completed?
1. system analysts
2. system designers
3. system owners
4. system builders
5. none of the above
35 Which is not a typical business function?
1. Sales
2. Service
3. Manufacturing
4. Accounting
5. Benefits and Compensation
36 The flow of transactions through business processes to ensure appropriate checks and
approvals are implemented is called:
1. procedures
2. work flow
3. process flow
4. process requirements
5. procedures
37 Language-based, machine-readable representations of what a software process is supposed to
do, or how a software process is supposed to accomplish its task is known as:
1. prototyping
2. software specifications
3. application programs
4. human engineering
5. none of the above
38 A specification of how the user moves from window to window, interacting with the
application programs to perform useful work is called:
1. interface specifications
2. software specifications
 3. user dialog
4. prototyping specifications
5. navigation specification
39 Examples of keyless interfaces include:
1. bar coding, OCR, pen, and voice recognition
2. mouse, OCR, pen, and voice recognition
3. keyboard, OCR, pen, and voice recognition
4. all of the above
5. none of the above
40 Open database connectivity (OBDC) tools are an example of:
1. layerware
2. tool kit
3. interfaceware
4. middleware
5. none of the above

Information Systems Development

41 The first CMM level at which measurable goals for quality and productivity are established is
1. Level 1
2. Level 2
3. Level 3
4. Level 4
5. Level 5
42 Project Management ensures that
1. project’s risk is assessed
2. project’s feasibility is assessed
3. system is developed at minimum cost
4. both A and B
5. none of the above
43 The deliverable of the problem analysis phase is
1. system improvement objectives
2. problem statement
3. statement of constraints
4. statement of work
5. none of the above
44 Which one is NOT a category of problems represented by the PIECES framework?
1. control
2. efficiency
3. service
4. economics
5. technology
45 Which one is NOT a phase of the systems development life cycle?
1. problem analysis
2. scope definition
3. requirements analysis
4. post-implementation review
5. decision analysis
46 A cross life-cycle activity of system development is
1. object modeling
2. prototyping
3. fact-finding
4. data modeling
5. data flow diagram modeling
47 An ongoing activity of systems support is
1. assisting users
2. adapting the system to new requirements
3. recovering the system
4. fixing software defects
5. all of the above
48 Rapid Application Development (RAD) strategy includes all of the following, except
1. actively involves system users in the analysis, design, and construction activities
2. uses waterfall development approach to evolve system concept
3. organizes systems development into a series of focused, intense workshops
4. reduces the amount of time that passes before the users begin to see a working
system
5. accelerates the requirements analysis and design phases 49 Request for quotation
(RFQ) is

1. a document that compares business and technical requirements of a commercial

application package against the capabilities and features of a specific commercial
application package
 2. a document that communicates business, technical, and support requirements for an
application software package to vendors that wish to compete for the sale of that
application package and services
3. a document that communicates business, technical, and support requirements for an
application software package to a single vendor that has been determined as being
able to supply that application package and service
4. a contract with management and the user community to develop or enhance an
information system
5. none of the above
50 Which of the following phases is unique to the commercial application package
implementation strategy as opposed to the rapid application development strategy
1. problem analysis
2. construction and testing
3. scope definition
4. requirements analysis
5. business process design
51 A model-driven analysis approach that focuses on the structure of stored data in a system
rather than on processes is
1. structured analysis
2. information engineering
3. rapid architected analysis
4. object-oriented analysis
5. none of the above
52 All of the following are phases of systems analysis, except
1. decision analysis phase
2. requirements analysis phase
3. design analysis phase
4. problem analysis phase
5. scope definition phase
53 Which of the following analysis techniques derive system models from existing system or
discovery prototypes?
1. rapid architected analysis
2. object-oriented analysis
3. data modeling
4. discovery prototyping
5. structure analysis
54 Prototypes are used in
1. model-driven analysis
2. object-oriented analysis
3. traditional approaches
4. accelerated systems analysis
5. structured analysis
55 Which of the following is NOT a feasibility analysis criterion?
1. technical feasibility
2. schedule feasibility
3. operational feasibility
4. economic feasibility
5. resource feasibility
56 Which of the following phases identifies and expresses requirements, prioritizes
requirements, updates project plan, and communications the requirements statement?
1. logical design phase
2. decisions analysis phase
3. problem analysis phase
4. systems analysis phase
5. none of the above
57 The tasks of defining acceptance tests, structuring functional requirements, and validating
functional requirements are performed in which one of the phases?
1. problem analysis phase
2. decision analysis phase
3. systems analysis phase
4. logical design phase
5. none of the above
58 The task of establishing system improvement objectives is performed in which phase of
systems analysis?
1. problem analysis phase
2. logical design phase
3. scope definition phase
4. physical design phase
5. requirements analysis phase
59 The task of identifying and expressing system requirements is performed in which phase of
systems analysis?
 1. problem analysis phase
2. logical design phase
3. scope definition phase
4. requirements analysis phase
5. none of the above
60 Cause-and-effect analysis is performed in the following phase of systems analysis
1. scope definition phase
2. logical design phase
3. requirements analysis phase
4. physical design phase
5. problem analysis phase
61 A property or quality the system must have is called a:
1. scope
2. functional requirement
3. preliminary requirement
4. nonfunctional requirement
5. none of the above
62 The process of requirements discovery consists of the following activities, except
1. requirements management
2. sampling of existing documentation, forms and files
3. requirements discovery
4. problem discovery and analysis
5. documenting and analyzing requirements
63 Which one is NOT a common fact-finding technique?
1. prototyping
2. interviews
3. research and site visits
4. sampling of existing documents, forms, databases
5. reverse engineering
64 A fact-finding technique that involves a large number of observations taken at random
intervals is called:
1. randomization
2. stratification
3. people sampling
 4. work sampling
5. none of the above
65 Which one of the following fact-finding techniques is an inexpensive means of gathering data
from a large number of individuals?
1. observations
2. work sampling
3. interviews
4. proxemics
5. none of the above
66 Randomly sampling ten invoices based on a given sample size would be an example of
1. stratification
2. closed-ended sampling
3. observation
4. open-ended sampling
5. none of the above
67 All of the following are examples of requirements problems, except
1. missing requirements
2. overlapping requirements
3. costly requirements
4. conflicting requirements
5. ambiguous requirements
68 Which of the following types of questions should not be asked on an interview?
1. closed-ended questions
2. biased questions
3. open-ended questions
4. loaded questions
5. both (b) and (d)
69 Which of the following is an advantage of discovery prototyping?
1. serves as a training mechanism for users
2. allows users and developers to experiment with the software and develop an
understanding of how the system might work
3. aids in building system test plans and scenarios
4. aids in determining the feasibility and usefulness of the system before high development
costs are incurred
5. all of the above
70 Which of the following is NOT a guideline for successfully conducting a Joint Requirements
Planning (JRP) session?
1. stay on schedule
2. allow for ample breaks
3. encourage user and management participation
4. brainstorm technical alternatives to problems identified in a JRP session
5. ensure that the scribe is able to take notes
71 The person generally responsible for the program design strategy, standards, and construction
is called a(n):
1. program librarian
2. backup chief programmer
3. network designer
4. chief programmer
5. systems analyst
72 Which one of the tests is performed on a subset of a program?
1. subset test
2. unit test
3. stub test
4. program test
5. system test
73 Which of the following is the last phase of the Systems Construction phase?
1. build and test databases
2. write and test new programs
3. prepare conversion plan
4. build and test networks
5. none of the above
74 Which installation strategy is a variation on the abrupt and parallel conversion?
1. location conversion
2. staged conversion
3. partial conversion
4. hierarchical conversion
5. none of the above
75 Which of the following is(are) the task(s) of the Systems Conversion phase?
1. prepare conversion plan
2. train users
 3. convert to new system
4. build and test networks
5. none of the above
76 Which of the tests is a final system test performed by end users using real data over an
extended period of time?
1. final test
2. complete test
3. systems acceptance test
4. parallel test
5. none of the above
77 Which of the following is(are) the primary inputs into the task of writing and testing new
programs?
1. programming plan
2. database structure
3. test data
4. integration requirements
5. both (a) and (c)
78 Which of the following is the first phase of the Systems Implementation phase?
1. conduct system test
2. build and test networks
3. prepare conversion plan
4. build and test databases
5. write and test new programs
79 Which of the following is(are) the deliverables of the Systems Implementation phase?
1. training materials
2. functional system
3. physical design specification
4. operational system
5. none of the above
80 Which of the following is(are) the inputs to the Systems Construction phase?
1. design prototypes
2. redesigned business processes
3. physical design specifications
4. documentation
5. all of the above
81 Which of the following is(are) an input process method(s)?
1. smart card
2. biometric
3. optical mark
4. point-of-sale
5. all of the above
82 A form used to record data about a transaction is a(n)
1. batch document
2. source document
3. on-line document
4. data entry document
5. none of the above 83 Combination checks:

1. determine data entry errors on primary keys

2. ensure that the correct type of data is input
3. determine whether a known relationship between two fields is valid
4. determine whether all required fields of the input have actually been entered
5. none of the above
84 Which of the following is NOT an advanced input control?
1. radio button
2. slider edit calendar
3. spin box
4. both (a) and (c)
5. Internet hyperlink
85 If you need a student to select from a list of eighty courses of the university’s on-line
catalogue, your best choice for a GUI control would be:
1. check box
2. radio buttons
3. drop-down list
4. combination box
5. Internet hyperlink
86 If you need to collect employee status information (e.g., full-time vs. part-time) on a
computer screen, your best choice for a GUI control would be:
1. drop-down list
2. masked edit control
 3. radio buttons
4. spin box
5. none of the above
87 Remote batch processing has the following characteristic(s):
1. Data is entered online.
2. Data is collected in batches.
3. Data is processed at a later time.
4. both (a) and (b) and (c)
5. none of the above
88 Optical character recognition:
1. is less prevalent than optical mark recognition
2. is used on forms for subjective-based questions on exams
3. requires the user to carefully handwrite input data on a business form
4. both (a) and (c)
5. both (a) and (b) and (c)
89 Which of the following advanced input controls provides a nonnumeric means of selecting a
value?
1. ellipsis control
2. Internet hyperlink
3. check list box
4. slider edit calendar
5. none of the above
90 In cases where the data item has a large number of predefine values and screen space is tight,
the following GUI control should be used for an input:
1. combination box
2. drop-down list
3. list box
4. ellipsis control
5. none of the above
91 Which of the following reports presents information with little or no filtering or restrictions?
1. non-filtered

2. summary
3. external
4. exception
 5. none of the above
92 A list of the names of all customers who purchased only one product within a six-month
period would be an example of a(n):
1. detailed report
2. summary report
3. exception report
4. external report
5. none of the above
93 A listing of the names and addresses of all the employees for an organization would be an
example of a(n):
1. detailed report
2. summary report
3. external report
4. exception report
5. none of the above
94 The most common medium for computer outputs is:
1. screen
2. paper
3. e-mail
4. microfilm
5. none of the above
95 Which of the following reports categorizes information for managers who are not interested
to wade through the details?
1. external
2. detailed
3. exception
4. supplemental
5. none of the above
96 A turnaround output is an example of
1. internal output
2. external output
3. summary output
4. exception output
5. none of the above
97 A count of the number of students who earned A, B, C, D, and F grades in a given course
would be an example of a(n):
1. external report
2. summary report
3. detailed report
4. exception report
5. none of the above
98 Which kind of chart is useful for comparing series or categories of data, each in its own bar?
1. line chart
2. pie chart
3. scatter char
4. bar chart
5. none of the above
99 Which of the following is NOT a general principle for output design?
1. The distribution of (or access to) computer outputs must be sufficient to assist all relevant
users.
2. The computer outputs should be designed with automated tools.
3. The computer outputs must be acceptable to the system users.
4. Computer outputs should be simple to read and interpret.
5. The timing of computer outputs is important. Output information must reach recipients
while the information is pertinent to transactions or decisions.
100 Which of the following is(are) the step(s) in the output design process?
1. specify physical output requirements
2. identify system outputs and review logical requirements
3. design, validate, and test outputs
4. design any preprinted forms
5. all of the above
 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS

UNIT-1

Section-A

1. Write a short note about management information system (MIS).

DEFINITION:

Management information system is a system consisting of people, machines, procedures,

databases and data models, as its elements. The system gathers data from the internal and
external sources of an organisation.

MEANING:

Management information system is an acronym of three words, viz., Management,

information, system .in order to fully understand the term MIS, let us try to understand these
three words.

Management:

Management is the art of getting things done through and with the people in formally
organised groups.

Managerial function:

Planning
Organising
Staffing
Directing and
Controlling
Management hierarchy:

strategic
management(top
management)

management
control(middle
management)

operational control(bottom
management)

Information:

Information is data that is processed and is presented in a form which assists decision-
making.it may contain an element of surprise, reduce uncertainty or provoke a manager to
initiate an action.

Data usually take the form of historical records. In contrast to information, raw data
may not be able to surprise us, may not be organised and may not add anything to our
knowledge.

DATA-------→PROCESSING-------→INFORMATION

System:

The term system is the most loosely held term in management literature because of its
use in different contexts. However, a system may be defined as a set of elements which are
joined together to achieve a common objective. The elements are interrelated and
interdependent.

The set of elements for a system may be understood us input, process and output. A
system has one are multiple inputs; these inputs are processed through a transformation
process to convert these input into outputs. The three elements of a system are

INPUT------→PROCESS--------→OUTPUT
 2. What are the various functions of information systems?

One of the mostly widely used bases for organising activities in almost every
organisation is the business function. Business activities are grouped around functions
such as production, marketing, finance and personnel etc... Resulting in the respective
department or an area of the business organisation. These departments or functional areas
are commonly known as the functional areas of business.

There is no standard classification of such sub-system in an organisation, but a

typical set of functions in a manufacturing organisation includes:

Production
Marketing
Finance and accounting
Materials and
Personnel systems

Production:

Production planning and control

Engineering standards
Quality control
R & D etc

Marketing:

Sales order
Forecasting
Sales analysis
Billing
Distribution
Stock availability
Sales quota control
Pricing
Product promotion
Finance and accounting:

Financial planning
Budgeting
Cost accounting
Asset accounting
Accounts receivable
Payroll
Accounts payable, etc...

Materials:

Material planning
Bill of material
Cost estimate
Warehousing planning etc...

Personnel:

Employee recruitment
Employee selection
Employee development
Employee transfers
Employee retirements etc...
3. Discuss about information system resources.

In information system includes four major resources, hardware, software, people

and data. Let’s briefly discuss some basic concepts and examples of how these resources
contributes to the information processing activities of information system.

Hardware---- it includes all physical devices

Software-----it includes all set of information processing
instructions.
People -------people are required for the operation of all
information systems. These people resources include specialists
and end users.
 Data-----data is more than the raw material of information
systems. The concepts of data resources have been broadened by
managers and information system professionals.

4. List out the different types of information.

Information could be classified on the basis of the purpose for which it is

utilised, into three main categories:

 Strategic information-----it is required by the managers at the strategic level

of management for the formulation of organisational strategies.
 Tactical information -----information in this category is used in short term
planning and is of use at management control level.
 Operational information-----it applies to short periods which may vary from
an hour to a few days.

5. Discuss about need for in information system.

Meeting global challenges

Capturing opportunities in marketplace
Supporting corporate strategy
Linking departments whose functions are different
Enhancing worker productivity
Increase in quality of goods and services

Section-B

1. List and explain the classification of information system.

The discipline of MIS is in its evolutionary stage. MIS is a concept, which is a

matter of degree rather than an absolute one. The classifications of information system are

Transaction processing system.

Management information system.
Decision support system.
Executive support system.
Office automation system.
Business expert system.
Transaction processing system:

It represents the automation of the fundamental, routine process used to support

business operations. It does not provide any information to the user for his/her decision
making. Previously Transaction processing system was known as MIS. Prior to computers,
data processing was performed manually or with simple machines.

(INPUT) DATA--------→PROCESSING--------→DATA (OUTPUT)

Management information system:

MIS is an information system which process data and converts it into information.
A MIS uses TPS for its data inputs. The information generated by the information system
may be used for control of operations, strategic and long range planning, short range
planning, management control and other managerial problem solving.

It has some functional business areas. They are

Marketing
Production
Human resources
Finance
Accounting etc...

TPS------→DATA------→INPUT------→PROCESSING-------→OUTPUT-----
---→INFORMATION

Decision support system:

The Decision support system (DSS) is an information system application that assist
decision making. Decision support systems tend to be designed primarily to serve
management control level and strategic planning level managers.

The data in the database typically is a combination of master files (internal

corporate data) and from external sources.
 Database←-------------→model base

↘user interface ↙

User

Executive support system:

Executive support system (ESS) is an extension of the management information

system which is a special kind of DSS. An ESS is specially tailored for the use of chief
executive of an organisation to support his decision making.

An ESS is designed to cater to the information needs of a chief executive keeping

in view not only his requirements but also taking into account his personality and style of
functioning etc.,

Office automation system:

Office automation refers to the application of computer and communication

technology to office functions. Office automation systems are meant to improve the
productivity of managers at various level of management by providing secretarial assistance
and better communication facilities. Office automation systems are the combination of
hardware, software and people in information systems, that process office transactions and
support office activities at all levels of the organisation.

These systems include a wide range of support facilities, which include word
processing, electronic filing, electronic mail, message switching, data storage, data and voice
communication etc...

In the first category, the following is a list of activities.

Typing
Mailing
Scheduling of meetings and conferences
Calendar keeping and
Retrieving documents
 In the secondary category,

Conferencing
Production of information
Controlling performance

Business expert system:

Business expert system (BES) is a knowledge based information system that uses its
knowledge about a specific, complex application area to act as an expert. This system is
one of the knowledge based information system.
Expert system provides decision support to managers in the form of advice from an
expert in a specific problem area. Expert systems find application in diverse areas,
ranging from medical, engineering and business.

Knowledge base←-------------→inference engine

↘user interface ↙

2. Discuss about cost benefit analysis.

Every legitimate solution will have some advantages is benefits and some
disadvantages or costs. These advantages and disadvantages are identified when each
alternative solution is evaluated. This process is typically called cost/benefit analysis.

Examples: ↑ in sales or profits.

↓ in operating costs.
↓ in required investment

Selecting the best solution:

Once all alternative solutions have been evaluated the process of selections the best
solution can begin. Alternative solutions can be compared to each other because they have
been evaluated using the same criteria. It is possible that to decide to select the best solution
to the problem.
Implementing a solution:

Once a solution has been selected it must be implemented. An implementation plan

may be developed. An implementation plan specifies the activities, resources and timing
needed for proper implementation.

Post implementation review:

The final step of the system approach recognized that an implemented solution can
fail to solve the problem for which it was developed. The results of implementing a solution
should be monitored and evaluated. This is called a post implementation review process.

Global business strategies:

MNC is a firm that operates across products, markets, nations and cultures. It consists
of the parent company and a group of subsidiaries. They are geographically disresed and each
one may have its own unique goals, policies and procedures.

Multinational strategies:

It was a type of “hands off” strategy in which the parent allowed the subsidiaries to
develop their own products and practise. The information flows are primarily from the
subsidiaries to the parent in the form of financial reports.

Global strategy and international strategy is also comes under cost/benefit analysis.

3. Components /resources of information system.

An information system depends on the resources of people, hardware, software,

data and networks to perform input, processing, output, storage and control activities that
convert data resources into information.
IS consists of 5 major resources:
People resources:
People are the essential ingredient for the successful operation of all information
systems. This people resource includes:
End users are also called users or clients are people who use an
information system or the information it produces. They can be
customers, salespersons, engineers etc... Most of us are IS end
users.
 IS SPECIALISTS are people who develop and operate
information system. They include system analysis, software
developers, system operators and other managerial, technical and
clerical IS personnel.
Hardware resources:

It includes all physical devices and materials used in information processing.

Examples of hardware in computer based information system are:

Computer system which consists of central processing units

containing microprocessors and a variety of interconnected
peripheral devices. Example: handheld, laptop, midrange computer
systems and large mainframe computer systems.
Computer peripherals which are devices such as a keyboard or
electronic mouse for input of data and commands a video screen or
printer for output of information and magnetic or optical disks for
storage of data resources.

Software resources:

It includes all set of information processing instructions. It includes not

only the set of operating instructions called programs. Examples are

System software such as an operating system program which

controls and supports the operations of computer system.
Application software which are programs that direct processing for
a particular use of computers by end users. Example sales analysis
program, a payroll program and a word processing system.

Data resources:

Data resources of information systems are typically organised, stored and

accessed by a variety of data resources mgt technologies into:

Database that hold processed and organised data.

Knowledge bases the hold knowledge in variety of forms such as facts,
rules, and case.
Network resources:

Telecommunications technologies and networks like the internet, intranets and

extranets. The concept of network resources emphasizes that communications technologies
and networks are a fundamentals resource component of all information systems. Network
resources include:

Communications media is includes twisted pairs wire, coaxial and fiber

optic cables and microwave, cellular and satellite wireless technologies.
Network infrastructure this generic category emphasizes that many
hardware, software and data technologies are needed to support the
operation and use of a communication networks.

4. Write about the fundamentals and dimensions of information system.

It shows the 3 major roles of the business applications of information systems.

Example: consider a retail store as a good example of how these three fundamental roles can
be implemented by a business.

 Support business processes and operations

 Support business decision making
 Support strategies for competitive advantage

Support business processes and operations:

As a consumer you have to deal regularly with the information systems that support
the business processes and operations at the many retail stores where you shop. Example:
most retail stores now use computer based information systems help them record customer
purchase, keep track of inventory, pay employees, buy new merchandise and evaluate sales
trends.

Support business decision making:

IS also help store managers and other business professionals make better decisions
and attempt to gain a competitive advantage.
Support strategies for competitive advantage:

Gaining a strategic advantage over competitors requires innovative use of

information technology.

DIMENSIONS:

The major dimensions of information systems are:

1. Organisation: IS are integral parts of organisations. The key elements of an

organisation are its:
People
Structure
Business processes
Politics
Culture
2. Management: management’s job is to make sense out of many situations faced by
organisations, make decisions and formulated action plans to solve organisational
problems.
3. Technology: information technology is one of many tools managers use to cope with
change in various resources of technology involved in IS are:
Computer hardware
Computer software
Data management technology
Networking and telecommunication technology
 UNIT -2

Section-A

1. Discuss about the marketing information system (MKIS).

The role of MKIS is to assess the marketing managers information needs then
develop the framework for collecting information and distribute the information
gathered to the end users in time. The marketing information system is generally
carried out marketing need analysis, planning, and implementation and control
functions of marketing managers.
The needed information is developed through internal company records,
marketing intelligence activities, marketing research and marketing decision support
analysis.

Different parts of MKIS:

accounting information system

marketing , sales and customer services
sales force automation
saves company labours hours and telephone expenses
capture customer data
response time to customer inquiries

market research and intelligence information system

customer research
market research
competitor intelligence
Competitor’s products.
“ Operating strengths and weaknesses.
“ Customer service level and customer
policies.
“ New product line.
2. Discuss manufacturing information system.

Manufacturing information system is a complete set of tool for managing the

flow of manufacturing production data throughout the enterprise. This IS was designed to
provide tools for both IT and operations personnel who would deliver services to anyone in
the plant.

Manufacturing consists of many different disciplinary areas including product

engineering, facility design and scheduling, fabrications, and quality control management.
Each of them can be dramatically improved by using information systems.

A manufacturing system takes material, equipment, data management and

information systems technology as the input and uses manufacturing and information
processes to generate better final product as output. The manufacturing designed around the
transaction process of raw materials into usable components or materials. These systems are
value added processes such as materials processing or support systems such as scheduling.

3. Discuss business information system.

Business information system in marketing, manufacturing, and human resources

with a special emphasis on computer integrated manufacturing. It describes the most widely
used types of accounting information systems as well as information needed for the effective
financial management of a firm.

Functional Business information systems:

Marketing
Production/operations
Accounting
Finance
Human resource management

4. Discuss accounting information system.

Accounting information system is the part of organisations information system.

The information system processes a mixture of quantitative and qualitative data but the
accounting information system focuses almost entirely on processing quantitative data. The
accounting system and information system must work together in an effective and efficient
way.

Accounting information system provide efficient delivery of information needed

to perform necessary accounting work and to assist in delivery of accurate and informative
data to users especially those who are not familiar with the accounting and financial reporting
areas itself. A high value of data processing characterizes these applications. Data processing
consists of 4 major tasks- data gathering, data manipulation, data storage, and document
preparation.

Section-B

1. List and explain in detailed about transaction processing system?

Transaction processing system:

Transaction processing systems are information system that process data resulting
from the occurrence of business transactions. Transactions are events that occur as part of
doing business such as sales, purchase, deposits, withdrawals, refunds and payments.

For example:

The data generated whenever the business sells something to a customer on credit.

Data about the customer, product, salesperson, and store and so on must be captured and
processed. This in turn causes additional transactions such as credit checks, customer billing,
inventory changes, and increases in accounts receivable balances, which generate even more
data. Thus, transaction processing activities are needed to capture and process such data, or
the operations of a business world grind to a halt. Therefore, transaction processing systems
play a vital role in supporting the operations of an organisation.

The Transaction processing cycle:

Transaction processing systems capture and process data describing business

transactions. Transaction processing system has five stages of cycle. They are

Data entry activities

Transaction processing activities
File and database processing
 Document and report generation
Inquiry processing activities

The data entry process:

The input activity in transaction processing systems involves a data

process. In this process data is captured or collected by recording,
coding and editing activities.
Data may be converted to a form that can be entered into a computer
system.
It has always been a problem getting data into computers accurately and
quickly enough to match their awesome processing speeds.
These methods are more efficient and reliable and are known as source
data automation.

Traditional data entry:

Traditional methods of data entry typically rely on the end users of an

information system to capture data on source document such as
purchase order, payroll time sheets and sales order forms. The source
documents are subjected to one of the following additional data entry
activities.
The data is converted into a machine – readable medium, such as
magnetic tape or magnetic disks. Typically this means using such
devices as key to tape machine and key to disk system.
The data from source documents could alternatively be directly entered
into a computer system using a direct input device without the use of
machine readable media.

Source of data automation:

 The use of automated methods of data entry is known as source data

automation several methods have been developed to accomplish this
automation though very few completely automate the data entry
process.
 They are all based on trying to reduce or eliminate many of the activities,
people and data media required by traditional data entry methods.

Batch processing:

Transaction processing system process data two basic ways:

Batch processing where transaction data is accumulated over a period

of time and processed periodically.
Real time processing where data is processed immediately after a
transaction occurs.

Transactions processing systems still make heavy use to batch processing.

Batch processing activities:

In a batch processing system transaction data is accumulated over a period of time and
processed periodically. Batch processing usually involves.

Gathering source documents originated by business transactions such a sales orders

and invoices into groups called batches.
Recording transactions data on an input medium such as magnetic disk or magnetic
tape.
Sorting the transactions in a transaction file in the same sequence as the records in a
sequential master file.
Processing transaction data and creating an updated master file and a variety of
documents and reports.

Real time processing:

It process transaction data immediately after they are generated and

can provide immediate output to end users.
Data is fed directly into the computer system from online terminals
without being stores and it is always stored online in direct access
files.
Files and database are always upto date since they are updated
whenever date is originated regardless of its frequency.
 Real time processing depends as telecommunications networks of
online terminals and computers.

Conclusion:

Transaction processing systems are operations information systems that process

data resulting from business transactions. They involve the basic activities of data entry,
transaction processing, file and database etc.

2. Discuss about financial information system.

Financial information system is a sub system of organisational management

information system. This sub system supports the decision making process of financial
functions at the level of an organisation.

A brief description of each of the financial decisions that a financial manager has
to take is given below.

Capital budgeting decision----in this decision funds are allocated to long term asset
which would yield benefits in the future. Example: funds allocated for land, building,
machinery, etc...
Financial decision----the financial manager has to decide about the proportion of
equity and debt capital.
Dividend decision-----this decision relates to the dividend policy of the organisation.
A decision whether the organisation should distribute all profits or retain them or
distribute a portion and retain the balance has to be taken by the financial managers.
Current asset management-----in order to safeguard the org against liquidity or
insolvency current assets of the organisation are also required to be efficiently
managed.

3. Discuss about human resources information system.

This functional information system supports the functions of human resource

management of an organisation. The function involves:

Manpower planning:

It is about deciding the present and future needs of manpower in the

organisation.
Staffing:
This function includes recruitment, selection and placement of employees.
Recruitment refers to attracting qualified and competent people for different jobs.
Training and development:
The need to train and develop the employees is felt due to
A gap between the job requirements and competence of the employee.
The need to develop lower level managers to assume higher level
responsibility when required.
Performance evaluation:
This task is concerned with evaluating employee performance at work in terms
of pre determined standards and norms. Evaluation or performance appraisal
includes the formulation of performance appraisal plans, development of appraisal
techniques and programmes etc...
Separation activities:
The employee employer relations may come to an end due to the resignation
of an employee, layoff, death or retirement. HRM besides the above mentioned
functions is also responsible for the wages and salary administration, sustaining and
maintaining the work force in the organisation and maintaining of healthy and
peaceful labour management relations. It contains 3 function flow of human resource
information system.
Transaction data-----is a basis for various types of output
information or analysis. The data includes employee number, name,
qualification, experience, joining data etc... Categories and grades of
posting and daily performance etc...
Environmental data----includes data about the availability of
personnel, trends in the labour force, competition, market offering to the
employees, government and labour laws etc...
Organisational plans------also provide an important input in
human resource information system, on the basis of which future planning
for recruitment, job assignment, etc...
 4. Discuss accounting information system.

Accounting information system is the part of organisations information system.

The information system processes a mixture of quantitative and qualitative data but the
accounting information system focuses almost entirely on processing quantitative data. The
accounting system and information system must work together in an effective and efficient
way.

Accounting information system provide efficient delivery of information needed

to perform necessary accounting work and to assist in delivery of accurate and informative
data to users especially those who are not familiar with the accounting and financial reporting
areas itself. A high value of data processing characterizes these applications. Data processing
consists of 4 major tasks- data gathering, data manipulation, data storage, and document
preparation.

Characteristics of accounting information system:

Performs necessary task

Adheres to relatively standardized procedures
Handles detailed data
Has a primarily historical focus
Provides minimal problem solving information

Sources of accounting information system:

Procedures manual
Management accounts / balance sheets
Financial data
Accounting policies
Tax details
Working capital
Types of accounting information system:

 General ledger system: this module helps organisations leverage the GL

processing speeds available streamline accounting processes and reduce the
period end close cycle.
 Asset management: this module help streamline tracking, depreciation and
maintenance scheduling of asset improve productivity with easier access to
critical information derive maximum tax benefits and minimize risk of loss or
damage to capital assets. It maintains an inventory of the company’s long
term assets.
 Order entry system: it captures and manages different kinds of data relating
to a transaction such as number of units sold customer billing.
 Account receivable and payable system: this module helps organisations
bill customers automatically from any sales channel, streamline accounts
receivables processing and automate the invoicing process.
 Inventory control system: it captures processes and manages all issues
related to the company’s inventory such as items in inventory, inventory cost,
lost items and damages items.
 Payroll system: it captures and processes data related to salaries including
taxes, other deductions, benefits, overtime and other related data.
 Cash management: this module helps organisations forecast cash flows in
any currency and in multiple time periods, streamline the reconciliation
process, monitor exceptions and fraud and manage the cash cycle efficiently
with control.
 UNIT -3

Section-A

1. Discuss about components of DSS?

Following are the components of the DSS:

Data management sub system: Data management sub system includes a database that
contains relevant data for the situation and is managed by software called Database
management system (DBMS).

Data management sub system is composed of the following elements:

DSS database
Database management system
Data directory
Query facility

Model management sub system: this is a software packages that includes financial,
statistical, management science or quantitative models that provide the systems analytical
capabilities and appropriate software management

Model management sub system is composed of the following elements:

Model
Model base management system
Modelling language
Model directory
Model execution, integration and command processor.

User interface sub system: the user communicates with and commands the DSS through the
sub system. The user is considered part of the system.

Knowledge base management sub system: this sub system can support any of the other sub
systems or act as an independent component.
1. Discuss the role of DSS in business?
The roles of DSS are as follows:
What if analysis: in what if analysis an end user makes changes to variables or
relationships among variables and observes the resulting changes in the values of
other variable.
Goal oriented: it is a process of determining the input values required to achieve a
certain goal.
Risk analysis: risk is important factor which affects the business enterprises. It can be
classified as low, medium and high risk. A DSS is particularly useful in medium risk
and high risk environments.
Model building: DSS allows decision markets to identify the most appropriate model
for solving the problems.
Graphical analysis: this helps managers to quickly digest larger volumes of data and
visualize the impact of various courses of action. They recommend the use of graph
when:
 Seeking a quick summary of data.
 Forecasting activities
 Detecting trends overtime
 Composing points and patterns at different variables.

2. What are the applications can be used in DSS?

Application of a DSS can be classified into following three categories:

Independent problems- the independent problems are “Standalone problems” whose
solutions are independent of other problems. The goal is to find the best solution to
the given problem.
Interrelated problem- in interrelated problems solutions are interrelated by each
other to find the most effective solution to the group of interrelated problem. These
types of problems usually require team effort.
Organisational problems- in Organisational problems all departments within an
organisation are included. Such problem required team effort. TQM is a good
example of an organisational effort because for it to be effective it requires a joint
effort from all departments units in the organisation.
 3. What are all the capabilities of executive support system (ESS)?
An effective ESS should have the following capabilities:
Support for defining an overall vision: one of the key roles of senior
executive is to provide a broad vision for the entire organisation.
Support for strategic planning: EIS also support strategic planning. It is
also planning the acquisition of new equipment, analyzing merger
possibilities and making difficult decisions concerning downsizing and
the sale of assets if required by unfavourable economic conditions.
Support for strategic organizing and staffing: top level executive are
concerned with organisational structure .overall direction for staffing
decisions and effective communication with labour unions are also
major decision areas for top level executives.
Support for strategic control: another type of executive decision relates
to strategic control, which involves monitoring and managing the
overall operation of the organisation.
Support for crisis management: even with careful strategic planning a
crisis can occur. Major disasters, include hurricane, tornadoes, floods,
earthquakes, fires and terrorist activities can totally shut down major
parts of organisation.

4.Discuss about advantages and disadvantages of EIS?

Advantages:
Ability to analyze trends
Augmentation of managers leadership capabilities
Enhanced personal thinking and decision making
Contribution to strategic control flexibility
Ease access to existing information
Instruments of change
Better reporting system
Better understanding of enterprise operations.

Disadvantages:
 Functions are limited cannot perform complex calculations.
Hard to quantify benefits and to justify implementation of an
EIS.
Executives may encounter information overload.
System may become slow, large, and hard to manage.
Difficult to keep current data.
May lead to less reliable and insecure data.
Small companies may encounter excessive costs for
implementation.

Section-B

1. What do you mean decision support systems (DSS)? What are the characteristics of
decision support systems?

Meaning:

The term DSS refers to a class of systems, which supports the process of making
decisions. The Emphasis is on “support” rather than on automation of decision. DSS allow
the decision maker to retrieve data and test alternative solutions during the process of
problem solving.

Definition:

According to Scott Morton, “DSS as interactive computer based systems, which help
decision makers utilize data and model to solve unstructured problems”.

Examples of DSS:

Group DSS
Computer support Co-operative work
Logistics systems
Financial planning system

Characteristics of decision support systems:

Provide rapid access to information: some DSS provides fast the dashboard of a
car or truck are used to see how the vehicle is running.
 Handle large amount of data from different sources: advanced database
management systems and data warehouses have allowed decision makers to search
for information with a DSS even when some data resides in different databases on
different computer systems or network.
Provide report and presentation flexibility: managers can get the information they
want presented in a format that suits their needs. Produce text, tables, line
drawings, pie charts, trend lines, and more.
Support drill down analysis: a manager can get more levels of detail when needed
by drilling down through data.
Perform complex, sophisticated analysis and comparisons using advanced
software packages: marketing research surveys.

2. Discuss about classification of DSS and steps in constructing a DSS?

Classification of DSS:

File drawer systems: these allow immediate access to data item. They are
basically online mechanized versions of manual filing systems.
Data analysis systems: these allow the manipulation of data by means of either
analysis operations tailored to the task or setting or general analysis operations.
Analysis information systems: these provide access to a series of data base and
small models.
Accounting models: these calculate the consequences of planned actions on the
basis of accounting definitions. They typically generate estimates of income,
balance sheets, etc., based on variation in input values to the definitional
formulas.
Representational models: these estimate the consequences of action on the basis
of models that represents some non-definitional characteristics of the systems
such as probabilities of occurrence.
Optimization models: these provide guidelines for action by generating the
optimal solution consistent with a series of constraints.
Suggestion models: these compute a specific suggested decision for a fairly
structured and repetitive decision.
Steps in constructing a DSS:

Choosing the project or problem to be solved.

Selecting hardware and software.
Data acquisition and management.
Model subsystem acquisition and management.
Dialogue subsystem and its management.
Knowledge component.
Packaging.
Testing, evaluation and improvement.
User training.
Documentation and maintenance.
Adaptation.

3. Discuss about advantages and disadvantages of DSS?

Advantages:

Improving personal efficiency: many DSS do not do anything. A person

could not do himself or herself. People prepared budgets for centuries
before spreadsheet software came in to use. DSS help them do it faster and
with less change of error.
Improving problem solving: a DSS can make it possible for a person or a
group to solve problem faster or better, than they could without it.
Facilitating communications: after found that DSS facilitating
interpersonal communication in several ways. In addition technology
developments that have occurred since his or her research have opened up
for DSS to provide this benefit.
Promoting learning or training: using a DSS can also help people learned
more about using computers and about software package that are in the
DSS although this is seldom a specific objective of developing the DSS it
can be valuable by project.
Increasing organisational control: some DSS can also control information
about an individual’s decision to his or her managers.
Disadvantages:

Limited storage capability: due to its small memories and limited storage
capabilities, DSS has definite computational constraints.
Slow: it is slow compared to the speed of large mainframes.
Limited information sharing: most DSSs are designed for individual use
but they can be designed so that several computers can be linked for
limited information sharing.
Difficult: it is difficult to know interdependencies of functions provided by
system.
Require extensive knowledge: there are applications that require
extensive knowledge of specific problem domain or technical knowledge.
Translation problems: users have to deal with several databases and
model each with different data models and resulting translation problems.
Confliction: users may have to work on several decision scenarios at same
time. As a consequence they have to keep track of what they done for each
of them.

4. Discuss about executive information system (EIS) and its characteristics.

Meaning:

ESI are information systems that combine many of the features of MIS and DSS. When
they were first developed their focus was on meeting the strategic information needs of top
management. In some cases and EIS also called executive support system.

Definition:

According to Matthews and Shoe Bridge, “EIS is a computer based information delivery
and communication system designed to support the needs of top executives”.

Characteristics of EIS:

The main characteristics of EIS are as follows:

Drill down capabilities: This capacity of an EIS allows the executives

look for details on any specific information. Each level of detail that is
accessed by the user may involve submenus if the system is menu driven.
 Designed with management critical success factors in mind: every
organisation has certain critical factors that are important for achieving the
organisational goals.
Status access, trend analysis, and exception reporting: this feature
allows executives to access the current executives to examine. The timing
and relevance of information is very important.
Personalized analysis: This capability of an EIS allows executives to use
built in functions to analyze problematic situations.
Navigation of information: This feature allows the executives to access
large amounts of data in a quick and efficient manner.

5. Discuss about EIS critical success factors.

A committed and informed executive sponsor: a top level executive,

preferable the CEO should serve as the executive sponser of the EIS by
encouraging its implementation.
An operating sponsor: the executive sponcer will most likely be too busy
to devote much time to implementation.
An appropriate information services staff: information specialist should
be available who understand not only the information technology but also
how the executive will use the system.
Appropriate information technology`: EIS implements should not get
carried away and incorporate unnecessary hardware and software.
Data management: it is not sufficient to simply display the data or
information. the executive should have some idea of how current the data
is.the analysis can be accomplished by drill down by following up with data
managers or both.
A clear link to business objectives: most successful EIS are designed to
solve specific problems or meet needs that can be addressed with
information technology.
Management of organisational resistance: when an executive resists the
EIS efforts should be taken to gain support. A good strategy is to identify a
single problem that the executive faces and then quickly implement an EIS
using prototyping to address that problem.
Management of the spread and evolution of the system: experience has
shown that when upper level management begins receiving information
from the EIS lower level managers want to receive the same output.
 UNIT-4

Section - A

1. Write the objectives of IS for strategic advantage.

The several strategic uses of information technologies for electronic business
and commerce and how they give competitive advantage to a business. Business
process re-engineering frequently involves the strategic use of business technologies.
The cross functional E-business systems and how they can provide significant
business value to a company and its customers and business partners.
Enterprise resource planning (ERP)
Customer relationship management (CRM)
Supply chain management (SCM)
2. Discuss about strategic uses of information technology?
Lower costs:
Use IT to substantially reduce the cost of business process.
Use IT to lower the costs of customer’s suppliers.

Differentiate:

Develop new its feature to differentiate products and

services.
Use IT features to reduce the differentiate advantages of
competitors.

Innovate:

Create new product and services that include IT

components.
Develop unique new markets or market niches with the
help of IT.

Promote growth:

Use IT to manage regional and global business

expansion.
 Use IT to diversify and integrate into other products and
services.
3. What is business process and elements of business process?
The business process is defined as a set of activities performed across the
organisation creating an output of value to the customer. every process has a customer
who may be internal and external to the organisation. The basic elements of the
processes are motivation to perform certain activities. the data is used in the process
to generate the information which would be checked, processed and stored.
The process is executed through the basic steps such as receiving the input
measuring the input, analysing the document, performing, processing accessing data
producing the results and communicating them.
Elements are:
Motivation to perform
Data gathering processing and storing
Information processing
Checking, validating and control
Decision making
Communication
4. How to identifying E-Business and E-Commerce strategies.
E-business and E-commerce applications and internet technologies can be
used strategically for competitive advantage as this text will repeatedly demonstrate.

Cost and efficiency improvement

Performance improvement in business effectiveness
Global market penetration
Product and service transformation
Section - B

1. Discuss about Virtual Company (VC) strategy.

VC typically use an organisational structure called a network structure since
most virtual companies are inter linked by the internet, intranets, and extranets.
People and corporations are forming VC as the best way to implement key
business strategies that promise to ensure success in today’s turbulent business
climate.
Strategies for VC:
Share infrastructure and risk
Link complementary core competencies
Increase facilities and market coverage
Migrate from selling products to selling solutions.
2. Discuss about competitive strategic concepts.
The strategic role of information systems involves using information
technology to develop products, services and capabilities that give a company
major advantages over the competitive forces it facts in the global marketplace.
The competitive environment of an industry:
Rivalry of competitors within industry
Threat of new entrants
,, ,, substitutes
The bargaining power of customers and
,, ,, ,, ,, suppliers

Cost leadership strategy:

Becoming a low cost producer of products and services in the industry.

Differentiation strategy:

Developing ways to differentiate a firms products and services from its

competitors.

Innovation strategy:

Finding a new ways of doing business. this may involves the development of
unique products and services or entry into unique markets or market niches.
 Alliance strategy:

Establishing new business linkages and alliances with customers, suppliers,

competitors and other companies.

3. Write the objectives of IS for strategic advantage and strategic uses of

information technology?
The several strategic uses of information technologies for electronic
business and commerce and how they give competitive advantage to a business.
Business process re-engineering frequently involves the strategic use of business
technologies.
The cross functional E-business systems and how they can provide significant
business value to a company and its customers and business partners.
Enterprise resource planning (ERP)
Customer relationship management (CRM)
Supply chain management (SCM)

Lower costs:
Use IT to substantially reduce the cost of business process.
Use IT to lower the costs of customer’s suppliers.

Differentiate:

Develop new its feature to differentiate products and

services.
Use IT features to reduce the differentiate advantages of
competitors.

Innovate:

Create new product and services that include IT

components.
Develop unique new markets or market niches with the
help of IT.
Promote growth:

Use IT to manage regional and global business

expansion.
Use IT to diversify and integrate into other products and
services.
 UNIT – 5

Section - A

1. Explain computer aided planning (CAP) tools.

The planning process can be quite difficult and time consuming. That’s what gives
organisations the “we don’t have time to plan” excuse for using a formal planning process. So
vendors have developed CAP tools to help ease the burden of planning.

This process results in an enterprise model of the business. An enterprise model

defines the structures and relationship of business processes and data elements as well as
other planning structures. Developing an enterprise model for a business is a starting point for
the strategic data planning process. Data administration personnel use enterprise modelling to
help them develop a variety of data models for the organisation.

2. Explain the benefits of strategic IS planning.

The process of strategic information systems planning can help an organisation

achieve significant advantages. Business firms have found that strategic planning helps
achieve benefits such as the following:

Pinpoints ways to achieve competitive advantage by using information

systems as a strategic weapon.
Stimulates the creative use of information systems technology and encourages
innovation in applying it to the needs of the organisation.
Redeploys financial and human resources to the most important and strategic
information systems projects for the business.
Establishes priority and timeframes for the development of information
systems in the future.

3. Explain cross functional enterprise system.

Integration of the enterprise has emerged as critical issues for organisations in all
business sectors striving to maintain competitive advantage. Integration is the key to success.
it is the key to unlocking information and making it available to any user, anywhere, anytime.
4. Explain about enterprise resource planning (ERP).

Operating system, the equivalent of the windows operating systems for back office
operations. ERP is a cross functional enterprise system that serves as a framework to
integrated and automate many of the business processes that must be accomplished within
the manufacturing, logistics, distribution, accounting finance and human resources functions
of a business. Companies are finding major business values in installing ERP software in two
ways:

ERP creates a framework for integration and improving their back

office systems that result in major improvements in customer service,
production and distribution efficiency.
ERP provides vital cross functional information quickly on business
performance to managers to significantly improve their ability to make
better decisions across the enterprise.

5. Explain the information resource management (IRM).

IRM has become a popular way to emphasize a major change in the management
and mission of the information systems function in many organisations. managing the
information system resources of an organisation is a vital concepts in today’s business
environment, because of three major developments that are affecting how corporate
management views the information systems function.

Section-B

1. Explain dimensions of the information resource management (IRM).

IRM has become a popular way to emphasize a major change in the management
and mission of the information systems function in many organisations. Managing the
information system resources of an organisation is a vital concept in today’s business
environment, because of three major developments that are affecting how corporate
management views the information systems function.

Five dimensions of IRM:

IRM is a response to these pressures.

Resource management
 Technology management
Distributed management
Functional management
Strategic management.

Resource management:

IRM views data, information, and computer hardware, software and personnel as
valuable resources that should be effectively and efficiently managed for the benefit of the
entire organisation. If plant and equipment, money, and people are considered valuable
organisational resources so should its data, information, and other information system
resources.

Technology management:

IRM emphasizes that all technologies that process and deliver data and information
must be managed as an integrated system of organisational resources. Such technology
includes telecommunications and office system as well as computer based information
processing. These “island of technology” are bridged by IRM and become a primary
responsibility of the executive in charge of all information services, sometimes called the
chief information officer (CIO) of the organisation.

Functional management:

The IRM concept stresses that the management of an organisation must apply
common managerial functions and techniques to the management of information resources.
Managers must be managerial techniques just as they do with other major resources and
activities of the business.

Strategic management:

Finally the IRM concepts stresses that the information services function in the firm
must be more than a provider of computer services. It must also make major contributes to
the profitability and strategic objectives of the firm. Information resources management
focuses on developing and managing information system that significantly improve
operational efficiency promote innovative products and services and build a strategic
information resources base that can enhance the competitiveness of the organisation.
2. Explain about customer relationship management (CRM).

Meaning:

The concept of customer relationship management as a cooperative and collaborative

process has tended to be more common. Its purpose is mutual value creation on the part of the
marketer and customer.

Definition:

According to white whale, customer relationship management which is sometimes

referred to as relationship or marketing or one to one marketing is defined by as: the
integration is a process, culture and systems to recognize, differentiate, service and develop
an organisations most valuable customers.

Processes in CRM:

The key processes under CRM are as follows:

Marketing: this process involves decision regarding which customers to

target, how to target customers, and what products to offer, how to price
products and how to manage the actual campaigns targeting customers.
Sell: it focus on making an actual sale to a customer. The sell process
includes providing the sale force the information they need to make a sale
and then executing the actual sale.
Order management: the process of managing customer orders as they flow
through an enterprise is important for the customer to track his order and
for the enterprise to plan and executives order fulfilment.
Call/services center: it is often the primary point of contact between a
company and its customer. Is center helps customer place orders, suggest
products, solves problems, and provides information on order status.

Advantages of CRM:

Provide better customer service

Increase customer revenue
Discover new customer
Help sales staff close deals faster
 Simplify marketing and sales processes

Disadvantages of CRM:

Record loss
Overhead
Training

4. Explain about E-governance.

E-governance is a form of e-business in governance comprising of processes and

structures involved in deliverance of electronic services to the public, viz, citizens.

Objectives of e-governance:

Build services around citizens choice

Make government more accessible
facilitate social inclusion
provide information responsibly
reduce government spending
deliver online services

Domains of e-governance:

improving government processes

cutting process costs
managing process performance
making strategic connection in government
creating empowerment
connecting citizens
talking to citizens
listening to citizens
improving public services
building external interactions with and within civil society
working better with business
developing communities
building partnerships