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PCS 1 Lecture 2

The document discusses construction cost engineering and the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) in the Philippines. It covers DPWH regulations and specifications, including the content of their Blue Book volumes. It also discusses DPWH cost estimation manuals from 2017 and 2019. Finally, it covers work breakdown structures (WBS), precedence diagramming method (PDM), and the components of a construction schedule like PERT/CPM, bar charts, cash flow, S-curves, and manpower/equipment utilization schedules.

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Bondoc, Miles Jerome Z.
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213 views59 pages

PCS 1 Lecture 2

The document discusses construction cost engineering and the Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) in the Philippines. It covers DPWH regulations and specifications, including the content of their Blue Book volumes. It also discusses DPWH cost estimation manuals from 2017 and 2019. Finally, it covers work breakdown structures (WBS), precedence diagramming method (PDM), and the components of a construction schedule like PERT/CPM, bar charts, cash flow, S-curves, and manpower/equipment utilization schedules.

Uploaded by

Bondoc, Miles Jerome Z.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PCS 1

Construction
Cost Engineering
Department that Regulate
Construction Activities
Department of Public Works and Highways

DPWH
Philippines
DPWH Regulations and
Specifications
CSI Format used in the Philippines
DPWH Blue Book Volume II and III

DPWH
Philippines
DPWH Blue Book Volume II Content

DPWH
Philippines
DPWH Blue Book Volume II Content

DPWH
Philippines
DPWH Blue Book Volume III Content

DPWH
Philippines
DPWH Blue Book Volume III Content

DPWH
Philippines
Cost Estimation Manuals
DPWH Cost Estimation Manuals

DPWH
Philippines
DPWH Cost Estimation Manuals (2017)

DPWH
Philippines
DPWH Cost Estimation Manuals (2019)

DPWH
Philippines
Work Breakdown Structure
(WBS)
Work Breakdown Structure
• A fundamental Project Management tool.
• Breaking work into smaller tasks is a common productivity technique
used to make the work more manageable and approachable.
100% Rule
Work Breakdown Structure
• Types of WBS Program

Hierarchical List
Tree Diagram
WBS Dictionary
Work Breakdown Structure
• Types of WBS Program

Hierarchical List
Tree Diagram
WBS Dictionary
Work Breakdown Structure
• Types of WBS Program

Hierarchical List
Tree Diagram
WBS Dictionary
Work Breakdown Structure
• Types of WBS Program

Hierarchical List
Tree Diagram
WBS Dictionary
Work Breakdown Structure
• Types of WBS Program

Hierarchical List
Tree Diagram
WBS Dictionary
Work Breakdown Structure
• WBS Composes of Product Deliverables.

• Three Kinds of Product Deliverables


The Product (Thing)
The Capabilities (Process)
The Results (Event)
Work Breakdown Structure
• WBS Composes of Product Deliverables.

• Three Compositions of Product Deliverables


Big or Small
Tangible or Intangible
Internal or External
Work Breakdown Structure
• The Importance of Product Deliverables.
Work Breakdown Structure
• WBS applies the MECE Principle.

M - utually
E – xclusive

C - ollectively
E - xhaustive
Work Breakdown Structure
• WBS applies the MECE Principle.
Work Breakdown Structure
• Let’s Start Create a Work Breakdown Structure

Chan Wan Qing


Work Breakdown Structure
• Hierarchical decomposition of Project Deliverables.

Project Level 0
The Totality of
the Project
Deliverable Sets

Main Work Main Work Main Work Level 1

The Key Line where the


Main Project Deliverables
are Organized and
Categorized
(Stages/Phases of the
Project)
Work Breakdown Structure
• Hierarchical decomposition of Project Deliverables.

Project Level 0

Main Work Main Work Main Work Level 1

Major Work Major Work Major Work Level 2

The Major Project Deliverable that


is set within after the Key Line
(How the Project have been
Created)
Work Breakdown Structure
• Hierarchical decomposition of Project Deliverables.
Project Level 0

Main Work Main Work Main Work Level 1

Major Work Major Work Major Work Level 2

Sub Work Sub Work Sub Work Level 3

The Interim Project Deliverable are


set to define the Project End
Deliverables
(Finishing/Testing of the Project)
Work Breakdown Structure
• Hierarchical decomposition of Project Deliverables.
Project Level 0

Main Work Main Work Main Work Level 1

Major Work Major Work Major Work Level 2

Sub Work Sub Work Sub Work Level 3

Sub Work Sub Work Sub Work Level 4


The End Project Deliverable (Goal
of the Project)
Work Breakdown Structure
• Documentation of the Project Deliverables.
Project Level 0
1 2 3
Main Work Main Work Main Work Level 1
1.1 2.1 3.1
Major Work Major Work Major Work Level 2
1.1.1 2.1.1 3.1.1
Sub Work Sub Work Sub Work Level 3
1.1.2 2.1.2 3.1.2
Sub Work Sub Work Sub Work Level 4
Work Breakdown Structure
• How to Find a Project Deliverables?

• Create or List a Work Packages


Activities
Sequences
Estimates
Schedule
Budget
WBS vs PDM
Precedence Diagram Method
(PDM)
IV. Components of a Construction Schedule

Construction Schedule determines the activities that


flow logically during the construction process.

Many forms of schedules exist but the most popular


are the Network Diagram and Bar Chart. Each has its own
advantages and disadvantages and has its appropriate
application.
IV. Components of a Construction Schedule

1. PERT/CPM

Acronym for the hybrid scheduling technique, which means


Project Evaluation Review Technique/Critical Path Method.

It is a control tool, for defining the parts of construction job


and then putting them together in network form. It serves as
an aid to see the whole picture of the entire job in a logical
arrangement of the sequence of activities.
IV. Components of a Construction Schedule

2. Bar Chart

Sometimes called the Gantt Chart, uses timelines and other


symbols to illustrate multiple, time based activities in a
project on a horizontal time scale. It usually does not
represent the interrelationship of the work activities.
IV. Components of a Construction Schedule

3. Cash Flow

Probable cash position as a result of the planned time schedule


of activities along the project duration.

For the Contractor who prepares the Cash Flow, it consists of


two parts: the planned Cash Inflows and the planned Cash
Outflows.
IV. Components of a Construction Schedule

4. S-Curve
It is the graphical representation of the cumulative
monthly cash flow of a project over its time duration. It
is a graphic plan of the Cash Flow Statement.

5. Manpower & Equipment Utilization Schedule


The contract also requires the submissions of the
contactor’s Monthly Equipment and Manpower
Utilization Schedule based from the
Construction Schedule.
IV. Components of a Construction Schedule (Example)
IV. Components of a Construction Schedule (Example)
IV. Components of a Construction Schedule (Example)
IV. Components of a Construction Schedule (Example)
ADVANTAGES OF PDM

• PDM is very useful when representing


REPETITIVE CONSTRUCTION activities, e.g.,
highways construction & multi-storey buildings.
• The ABILITY to show relationships other than
finish-to-start.
• The technique is more VERSATILE as
compared to other network planning.
• Availability of lag has made this technique more
ADAPTABLE to the planner’s needs.
• This tool can guide managers in making
CRITICAL DECISIONS such as to DEPLOY
RESOURCES based on priority.
ADVANTAGES OF PDM
PDM allows complex CPM schedules to be created with fewer activities.
ADVANTAGES OF PDM
Most Software use PDM in generating the
Network Diagram
DISADVANTAGES OF PDM

• Manual Calculation is more complicated

• May produce different dates on different software

• Updating and Managing change can be challenging


THINGS TO REMEMBER

In PDM, the RELATIONSHIP between the


current and previous activities can be
BETTER CALCULATED by using
two or more of the four possible logical
relationships than by using only one
relationship
THINGS TO REMEMBER

Calculation of the critical path requires consideration of the


logical relationship of each activity
THINGS TO REMEMBER

In a comprehensive schedule all activities except the first


and last nodes should have at least ONE PRECEDING
ACTIVITY and at least ONE SUCCEEDING ACTIVITY.
SAMPLES
the graphical representation of the cumulative monthly
accomplishments of a project over its time duration usually
presented overlapping/with the bar chart (gantt chart)

Percent weight
of each
bar/activity to
be accumulated
per period time
interval

The vertical axis consists of the


Timeline that shows the exact dates usually on
percentage at a fixed scaled
a monthly basis used in project monitoring
interval
Probable cash position as a result of the planned time schedule
of activities along the project duration. This simply represents
the projected accomplishment along the duration of the project.

Timeline that shows the exact Monthly and Cumulative physical


dates usually on a monthly basis accomplishment (percentage) and
used in project monitoring financial accomplishment
The list of numbers of equipment deployed on the project based
from the Construction Schedule, usually on a monthly basis.

The type/
description of
equipment
needed to be
deployed in the
whole project
duration

Timeline that shows the exact dates to schedule


Simply the quantity of a specific
the number and type of equipment needed to be
type of equipment on the
deployed with reference to the corresponding
corresponding period
activities on that same period.
The list of numbers of labor force deployed on the project based
from the Construction Schedule, usually on a monthly basis.

The type/
description of
manpower
needed to be
deployed in the
whole project
duration

Timeline that shows the exact dates to schedule


Simply the quantity of a specific
the number and type of manpower needed to be
type of manpower on the
deployed with reference to the corresponding
corresponding period
activities on that same period.
Tool used to plan the timing of projects involving sequential activities and
identifies the time required to complete each activity and the project itself.

Used the
principle
Activity-
on-Arrow

Timeline that shows the exact dates to Sequence of activities presented using
facilitate establishment of start and nodes (milestone/event) and arrows
finish dates of every activity. Usually (activities) that are connected and
presented on a monthly basis. arranged chronologically
Tool also used to plan the timing of projects involving sequential activities
but unlike PERT/CPM, it can depict more than one interdependencies of
each activity providing lag times and lead times in between them

Used the
principle
Activity-
on-Node

Activities on boxes that contains data Chronological sequence of activities


such as project description, code, presented using boxes/nodes (activities)
duration, earliest and latest times and arrows (relation/dependence)

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