Problems 1

Rules for Quizzes and Examinations:

1. No cell phones.
2. No communication between students.
3. A student can use only his/her calculator.
4. No passing of anything among students, including a dictionary, calculator, pen, pencil, ruler,
eraser, the periodic table, etc.
5. A student can take only:
a pen,
a pencil,
a ruler,
an eraser,
spare pens and pencils,
a calculator (not a cell phone),
6. A student cannot take:
any paper,
dictionary.
cell phone (even as a calculator).
7. Pay attention: you must learn by heart all terms and constants used in the problems of this
Module. You cannot have any background materials, tables with constants etc.

Requirements for problems:

1. Solve in quantities and only then find the final number.
2. Solution must contain:
a. Extreme case analysis,
b. Dimensions and units checking
3. Don’t forget to transfer all the units into the SI units:
- hours, minutes into seconds,
- miles, kilometers into meters,
- velocities into m/s,
- Celsius degrees into kelvins etc.

The facts you must remember to solve the problems successfully:

g = 9.8 m/s2 - the gravitational acceleration
1mi = 1609 m - one mile
1min = 60 s - one minute
1h = 60 min - one hour

Thus:
i. 1m=10 dm (decimeters)
ii. 1 s = 1000 ms, etc.

Kinematics
1
An object starts from 30 m/s velocity and reaches 126 km/h in a 1 km distance. Assuming a
constant acceleration, what was the elapsed time?

2
The distance an ant moves in a straight-line motion is given by
x = 0.01t3 - 0.05t2 + 1.5t centimeters, where t is in seconds.
(a)Calculate the velocity for t = 5 s.
(b)What is the average velocity for the time interval from 1 to 2 min?
(c)Calculate the acceleration for t = 2 s.
(d)What is the average acceleration for the time interval from 1 to 2 min?
(e)Is the formula realistic for long times?

3
The position of a particle is given in a certain coordinate system by the vector r(t) = (4 m)
cos(t/T)i - (4m) sin(t/T)j]. Find the displacement vector at times t = T /3, t = T /2, and t = 2T.
In each case, compute the distance to the origin. What is the angle that the position vector makes
with the + x-axis for arbitrary t? (The angles are in radians).

Motion graphs
4
Calculate the instantaneous velocity at:
1. t= 0.5 s
2. t = 2 s
3. t = 4 s
4. t = 5 s
5. Is it possible to calculate for t=1 s, 3 s, 4.5 s?
Calculate the average velocity for time intervals:
6. from 0 to 1 seconds
7. from 0 to 2 seconds
8. from 2 to 4 seconds
9. from 1 to 6 seconds
5
Initial conditions: at t=0 S0=0. Calculate the position of the object at
1. t = 1 s
2. t = 2 s
3. t = 6 s
Calculate the distance travelled by an object for time interval:
4. from 0 to 4 seconds
5. from 2 to 6 seconds
6. from 4 to 8 seconds
Calculate the average speed for time interval:
7. from 0 to 4 seconds
8. from 4 to 10 seconds
Calculate the instantaneous acceleration at:
9. t = 0.5 s
10. t = 3 s
11. t = 8 s
12. Is it possible to calculate for t=1 s, 2 s, 4 s, 7 s?
6
Initial conditions: at t=0 S0=0, V0=0.
Calculate the instantaneous speed at:
1. t = 1 s
2. t = 2 s
3. t = 3 s
4. t = 5 s
Calculate the position of the object at:
5. t = 1 s
6. t = 2 s
7. t = 3 s
Calculate the distance travelled by an object for time interval:
8. from 0 to 2 seconds
9. from 5 to 7 seconds
Calculate the average speed for time interval:
10. from 0 to 1 seconds
11. from 2 to 7 seconds
Dynamics

7
A forensic expert wants to examine the striations on a bullet fired by a gun. A bullet of mass 2.0
g is fired from the gun with muzzle speed 1000 mi/h into a special resistive material. The bullet
is stopped in a distance of 1.4 dm. If we assume the negative acceleration is constant, what is the
acceleration of the bullet inside the material and what force is exerted on the bullet as it
accelerates?

8
Two blocks of masses M and m are connected by a light rope that passes over a frictionless
pulley. Mass M sits on an inclined plane with an angle of inclination of  = 30°. The coefficient
of static friction between mass M and the inclined plane is 0.20, while m = 3.0 kg. Determine the
largest and smallest possible values of M for which the system remains in equilibrium. Calculate
the force of static friction on the block of mass M = 6.0 kg.

Springs

9
A spring gun is made by compressing a spring (assumed to be perfect) and latching it. A spring
of constant k = 60 N/ m is used and the latch is located at a distance of 7 cm from equilibrium.
The pellets have mass 4 g. What is the muzzle velocity of the gun?
10
A nonstandard spring exerts a force F = -k1x – k2x3 to restore itself to equilibrium, where x is the
distance from equilibrium. The values of k1 and k2 are 5.0 N/m and 15 N/m3 , respectively.
Calculate the work done to stretch the spring from 0.10 to 0.20 m.

11
Two masses are connected by a light string over a light, frictionless pulley. The table surface is
also frictionless.
(a) Apply the work-energy theorem (it means the Dynamics: forces and acclelerations must not
be used, solve only through work and energies) for this system to calculate the speed of the
masses after the masses have moved a distance x starting from rest. Note that the work of the
tensions drops out.
(b) Use this result to obtain the acceleration of the system.

12
A fire rescue unit uses a tightly woven net to catch an 80-kg person who jumps out of a burning
building from a height of 11 m.
(a) What is the impulse transmitted to the net?
(b) If the net sinks 70 cm as it slows down the jumper, what is the average force exerted on the
jumper by the net?

13
A test car of mass 700 kg is moving at a speed of 15 mi/h when it crashes into a wall to test its
bumper. If the car comes to rest in 0.3 s, how much average power is expended in the process?

Dynamics at Circular Motion

14
Consider the conical pendulum, a mass on the end of a massless string, with the other end of the
string fixed on a ceiling. Given the proper push, this pendulum can swing in a circle at a given
angle , maintaining the same height h throughout its swing.
(a) What is the free-body diagram for such a pendulum?
(b) If the mass of the pendulum is 0.2 kg, the length of the pendulum is 50 cm, and the angle at
which it swings is  = 100, what is the speed of the mass as it swings?
15
A small block slides in a horizontal circle on the inside of a conical surface, with the cone
making an angle of 440 with the vertical. Assuming that there is no friction between the block
and the surface and the block slides with an angular speed of 3.8 rad/s, at what vertical height
above the apex of the cone does the block slide?

Vectors

16
Three charges move through space with no forces acting on them except the electric forces that
they exert on each other. In an appropriate coordinate system, some of the forces can be broken
down as follows: The force that charge 1 exerts on charge 2 is
F21 = (2 N)i + (-3 N)j + (1 N)k.
The force that charge 1 exerts on charge 3 is
F31 = (-3 N)i + (2 N)j + (-3 N)k.
a) What is the total force on charge 1?
b) What is the magnitude of the net force on charge 1?

Projectile Motion

17
An astronaut on a planet finds that she can jump a maximum horizontal distance of 15.0 m if her
initial speed is 3.00 m/s. What is the gravitational acceleration on the planet?

18
A projectile is fired in such a way that its horizontal range is equal to three times its
maximum height (i.e. the maximum height during this flight). What is the angle of projection?

19
Someone standing on a down-tilting inclined plane making an angle of 30° with the horizontal
throws a ball horizontally with a velocity of 10 m/s. How far down the plane will the ball strike
the plane?

20
A body starts its projectile motion from initial height of 10 m with initial velocity (12i+10k)
km/hr. What is its range of flight when it falls on the ground? (i and k gives horizontal and
vertical directions respectively, positive k directed upward).

Liquids

21
A swimming pool has dimensions 30 m x 10 m and a flat bottom. When the pool is filled to a
depth of 2 m with fresh water, what is the force caused by the water on the bottom? On each
side?

22
The spring of the pressure gauge shown in a figure below has a force constant of 1000
N/m, and the piston has a diameter of 2 cm. As the gauge is lowered into water, what
change in depth causes the piston to move in by 0.5 cm?

23
A large storage tank, open at the top and filled with water, develops a small hole in its side
at a point 16 cm below the water level. If the rate of flow from the leak is equal to 250 l/min
(litre per minute), determine
(a) the speed at which the water leaves the hole,
(b) the diameter of the hole.

24
A wedge of mass 10kg and opening angle = 55° is floating on the surface of water in the
symmetrical position. Calculate the force of the water that acts on each of the two surfaces.
25
A waterfall of height 40 m has 200 m3 of water falling every second. How many joules of work
are done by gravity every hour?

Collisions

26
A machine gun in automatic mode fires 20g bullets with 300 m/s at 60 bullets/s rate.
(a) If the bullets enter a thick wooden wall, what is the average force exerted against the wall?
(b) If the bullets hit a steel wall and rebound elastically, what is the average force on the wall?

27
Two objects with masses 2.0 and 3.0 kg move toward each other, both with speeds V0 = 5.0 m/s.
They collide head on and stick together.
(a) Calculate their final velocity.
(b) Calculate the amount of kinetic energy lost during the process.
(c) Suppose the two masses approach each other at 90° before the collision (e.g., along the x- and
y-axes). What will be the kinetic energy loss in this case?

28
A 7-kg rifle is used to fire a l0-gr bullet that travels with a speed of 700 m/s.
(a) What is the speed of recoil of the rifle?
(b) How much energy does it transmit to the shoulder of the person using the rifle as it stops?

Torque

29
A uniform rod of length L lies along the x-axis. A force F1y is applied to one end of it and a force
-F2y is applied to the other end of it. How large is the torque on the rod about its center of mass?

30
A two-dimensional object placed in the xy-plane has several forces acting on it. Find the torques
about points A and B.

31
A seesaw pivots as shown in below.
(a) What is the net torque about the pivot point?
(b) Give an example for application of the third force will balance the seesaw. Calculate the
position and magnitude of the balancing force.
Rotational Dynamics

32
A massless rope is wrapped around a hollow cylinder of radius 12 cm whose central axis is fixed
in a horizontal position. A mass of 4.0 kg hangs from the rope and, starting from rest, moves 180
cm in 2.0 s. What is the mass of the cylinder?

33
A body rolls without slipping and have uniform density, mass M. and radius R and the speed of
the center of mass is V. Find the ratio of the rotational kinetic energy to the total kinetic energy
for:
a. solid cylinder,
b. hollow cylinder,
c. solid sphere,
d. hollow sphere.

34
A centrifuge whose maximum rotation rate is 10000 rev / min can be brought to rest in 400 s.
(a) What is the average angular acceleration of the centrifuge?
(b) What is the distance that a point on the rim travels during the deceleration time assuming that
the radius of the centrifuge is 8 cm and that the acceleration is uniform?

35
A string is wrapped around a cylindrical spool of radius 1 cm, The axis of the spool is fixed. A
length of string of 0.8 m is pulled off in 1.5 s at a constant tension of 20 N. What is the rotational
inertia of the spool?

36
A cylindrical shell starting from rest rolls down an inclined plane that makes an angle of 20°
with the horizontal. How far will the shell travel in 4 s? How far would a solid cylinder travel in
the same time?