SUMMER TRAINING REPORT

in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

of

Bachelor of Technology In
Computer Science & Engineering
in

Department of Computer Science & Engineering

BHARTIYA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &

TECHNOLOGY,
SIKAR

BIKANER TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by

MUSTAKIM ANSARI
20EBTCS023

Submitted to

MR. PANKAJ GOTHWAL

(Prof.)
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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, I am indebted to the GOD ALMIGHTY for giving me an opportunity to excel in my
efforts to complete this industrial training on time.

I am extremely grateful to Mr. Amit Singh, Head of Department, Department of Computer

Science and Engineering, BHARTIYA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY, for providing all the required resources for the successful completion of my
summer training.

The journey was a hit I had good experience & glad to have this course. Many thanks to
Coursera for providing such a skilful course.

My heartfelt gratitude to my industrial training guide Mr. Pankaj Gothwal, Computer Science
and Engineering, for her valuable suggestions and guidance in the preparation of the summer
training report.

I express my thanks to Mr. Pankaj Gothwal, Semester Councilor, and all the members and
friends for all the help and co-ordination extended in bringing out this summer training
successfully in time.

I will be failing in duty if I do not acknowledge with grateful thanks to the authors of the
references and other literatures referred to in this industrial training. Last but not the least; I am
very much thankful to my parents who guided me in every step which I took.

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CERTIFICATE

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 LIST OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TOPIC PAGE

NO.
Title Page 1
Acknowledgement ii
Certificate iii
List of Contents iv
List of Table v

1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Python 7
1.2 History of python 8
1.3 Object Oriented Programming 9
1.4 Scripting Languag 9
1.5 Behind the Scene of Python 10

2. DATA TYPES & OPERATOR

2.1 Variable 11
2.2 String 12
2.3 Python Operator 12
2.3.1 Arithmetic Operator
2.3.2 Comparison Operator
2.3.3 Logical Operator
3. TUPLE & LIST
3.1 Tuple 15
3.1.1 Accessing Tuple Values
3.1.2 Built in Operation
3.1.3 Built in Functions
3.2 List 17
3.2.1 Accessing List Values
3.2.2 Built in Operation

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 3.2.3 Built in Function
4. LOOPS & CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS
4.1 Loops 19
4.1.1 Loops Definition
4.1.2 Loops Example
4.2 Conditional Statement 20
4.2.1 Conditional Statement Definition
4.2.2 Conditional Statement Example
4.3 Function 21
4.3.1 Syntax & Examples

5. USES & SCOPE

5.1 Scope of Python 23
5.2 What can we do With Python? 24
5.3 Who Uses Python Today 24
5.4 Why do People Use Python 25

6. MINOR PROJECT 26
7. CONCLUSION 28
8. REFERENCES 29

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 LIST OF TABLE

Table 2.1 Arithmic Operators

Table 2.2 Comparision Operators

Table 2.3 Logical Operators

Table 3.1 Built in tulip functions

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 Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Python

Python is a widely used high-level, general-purpose, interpreted, dynamic programming

language. Its design philosophy emphasizes code readability, and its syntax allows
programmers to express concepts in fewer lines of code than would be possible in
languages such as C++ or Java. The language provides constructs intended to enable
clear programs on both a small and large scale. Python supports multiple programming
paradigms, including object-oriented, imperative and functional programming or
procedural styles. It features a dynamic type system and automatic memory management
and has a large and comprehensive standard library. Python interpreters are available for
installation on many operating systems, allowing Python code execution on a wide
variety of systems.

Fig.1.1 feature of python

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 1.2 History
Python was conceived in the late 1980s, and its implementation was started in December
1989 by Guido van Rossum at CWI in the Netherlands as a successor to the ABC
language (itself inspired by SETL) capable of exception handling and interfacing with
the Amoeba operating system. Van Rossum is Python's principal author, and his
continuing central role in deciding the direction of Python is reflected in the title given to
him by the Python community, benevolent dictator for life (BDFL).

FIG 1.2 Van Rossum

“Python is an experiment in how much freedom programmers need. Too

much freedom and nobody can read another's code; too little and
expressiveness is endangered.”

- Guido van Rossum

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1.3 Scripting Language
A scripting or script language is a programming language that supports scripts,
programs written for a special run-time environment that automate the execution of
tasks that could alternatively be executed one-by-one by a human operator.
Scripting languages are often interpreted (rather than compiled). Primitives are usually
the elementary tasks or API calls, and the language allows them to be combined into
more complex programs. Environments that can be automated through scripting include

software applications, web pages within a web browser, the shells of operating systems
(OS), embedded systems, as well as numerous games.
A scripting language can be viewed as a domain-specific language for a particular
environment; in the case of scripting an application, this is also known as an
extension language. Scripting languages are also sometimes referred to as very
high-level programming languages, as they operate at a high level of abstraction, or
as control languages

1.4 Object Oriented Programming Language

Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm based on the

concept of "objects", which may contain data, in the form of fields, often known as
attributes; and code, in the form of procedures, often known as methods. A
distinguishing feature of objects is that an object's procedures can access and often
modify the data fields of the object with which they are associated (objects have a
notion of "this" or "self").
In OO programming, computer programs are designed by making them out of objects
that interact with one another. There is significant diversity in objectoriented

programming, but most popular languages are class-based, meaning that objects are
instances of classes, which typically also determines their type.

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 1.5 About the origin of Python, Van Rossum wrote in 1996::

Over six years ago, in December 1989, I was looking for a "hobby" programming project
that would keep me occupied during the week around Christmas. My office ... would be
closed, but I had a home Computer, and not much else on my hands. I decided to write an
interpreter for the new scripting language I had been thinking about lately: a descendant
of ABC that would appeal to Unix/C hackers. I chose Python as a working title for the
project, being in a slightly irreverent mood (and a big fan of Monty Python's Flying
Circus).

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 Chapter 2

DATA TYPES

Data types determine whether an object can do something, or whether it just would not
make sense. Other programming languages often determine whether an operation makes
sense for an object by making sure the object
can never be stored somewhere where the operation will be performed on the object (this
type system is called static typing). Python does not do that.
Instead it stores the type of an object with the object, and checks when the
operation is performed whether that operation makes sense for that object (this is
called dynamic typing).

2.1 Python has many native data types. Here are the important ones:

Booleans are either True or False.

Numbers can be integers (1 and 2), floats (1.1 and 1.2), fractions (1/2 and 2/3).

Strings are sequences of Unicode characters, e.g. an HTML document.

Bytes and byte arrays, e.g. a JPEG image file.

Lists are ordered sequences of values.

Tuples are ordered, immutable sequences of values.

Sets are unordered bags of values.

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2.2 Variables

Variables are nothing but reserved memory locations to store values. This means that
when you create a variable you reserve some space in memory.
Based on the data type of a variable, the interpreter allocates memory and decides what
can be stored in the reserved memory. Therefore, by assigning different data types to
variables, you can store integers, decimals or characters in these variables.

Ex:
counter = 100 # An integer assignment
miles = 1000.0 # A floating point name
= "John" # A string

2.3 String
In programming terms, we usually call text a string. When you think of a string as a
collection of letters, the term makes sense.
All the letters, numbers, and symbols in this book could be a string.
For that matter, your name could be a string, and so could your address.

2.4 Creating Strings

In Python, we create a string by putting quotes around text. For example, we

could take our
otherwise useless

• "hello"+"world" "helloworld" # concatenation

• "hello"*3 "hellohellohello" # repetition
• "hello"[0] "h" # indexing
• "hello"[-1] "o" # (from end)
• "hello"[1:4] "ell" # slicing
• len("hello") 5 # size
• "hello" < "jello" 1 # comparison
• "e" in "hello" 1 # search

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2.5 Python Operator

2.5.1 Arithmetic Operator

Table 2.1 Arithmatic Operators

2.5.2 Comparison Operator

Table 2.2 Comparision Operators

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Logical Operator

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 Chapter 3

TUPLES

Creating a tuple is as simple as putting different comma-separated values. Optionally

you can put these comma-separated values between parentheses also.
For example −
tup1 = ('physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000);
tup2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ); tup3 = "a", "b", "c", "d";

3.1 Accessing Values in Tuples:

To access values in tuple, use the square brackets for slicing along with the index or
indices to obtain value available at that index. For example −
tup1 = ('physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000);
tup2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ); print "tup1[0]: ",
tup1[0]
print "tup2[1:5]: ", tup2[1:5]
When the above code is executed, it produces the following result −
tup1[0]: physics
tup2[1:5]: [2, 3, 4, 5]

3.2 Basic Tuples Operations

Tuples respond to the + and * operators much like strings; they mean concatenation and
repetition here too, except that the result is a new tuple,
not a string. In fact, tuples respond to all of the general sequence operations we
used on strings in the prior chapter –

3.3 Built-in Tuple Functions

Python includes the following tuple functions −

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Table 3.1 Built in tulip functions

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 LIST

The list is a most versatile datatype available in Python which can be written as a list of
comma-separated values (items) between square brackets. Important thing about a list is
that items in a list need not be of the same type. Creating a list is as simple as putting
different comma-separated values between square brackets. For example −
list1 = ['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000];
list2 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ]; list3 = ["a", "b", "c",
"d"];
Similar to string indices, list indices start at 0, and lists can be sliced,
concatenated and so on.

3.4 Accessing Values in Lists:

To access values in lists, use the square brackets for slicing along with the index or
indices to obtain value available at that index. For example −
list1 = ['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000];
list2 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ]; print "list1[0]: ",
list1[0]
print "list2[1:5]: ", list2[1:5]

Output:list1[0]: physics
list2[1:5]: [2, 3, 4, 5]

Update: list = ['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000];

print "Value available at index 2 : "
print list[2]
list[2] = 2001;
print "New value available at index 2 : "
print list[2]

Output: Value available at index 2 : 1997

New value available at index 2 : 2001

Delete: list1 = ['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000];

print list1
del list1[2];
print "After deleting value at index 2 : "
print list1
['physics', 'chemistry', 1997, 2000]

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3.4 Python includes following list methods

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 Chapter 4
LOOPS

4.1 Loops
Programming languages provide various control structures that allow for more
complicated execution paths.

A loop statement allows us to execute a statement or group of statements

multiple times. The following diagram illustrates a loop statement –
Python programming language provides following types of loops to handle

looping requirements.

Fig. 4,1 Conditions and Loop types

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Example:

For Loop:
>>> for mynum in [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]:
print "Hello", mynum
Hello
1
Hello
2
Hello
3
Hello
4
Hello
5

While Loop:
>>> count = 0
>>> while (count < 4): print
'The count is:', count count =
count + 1
The count is: 0
The count is: 1
The count is: 2
The count is: 3

4.2 Conditional Statements:

Decision making is anticipation of conditions occurring while execution of the program

and specifying actions taken according to the conditions. Decision structures evaluate
multiple expressions which produce TRUE or FALSE as outcome. You need to
determine which action to take and which statements to execute if outcome is TRUE or
FALSE otherwise.

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 4.3 Statements
Python programming language provides following types of decision making
statements. Click the following links to check their detail.

Fig. 4.3.1 Statements

Example:

If Statement:
>>> state = “Texas”
>>> if state == “Texas”:
print “TX
TX

If...Else Statement:
>>> if state == “Texas”
print “TX”
else:
print “[inferior state]”

If...Else...If Statement:
>>> if name == “Paige”
print “Hi Paige!”
elif name == “Walker”:
print “Hi Walker!” else:
print “Imposter!”

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14.3 Function
Function blocks begin with the keyword def followed by the function name and
parentheses ( ( ) ).

Any input parameters or arguments should be placed within these parentheses.

You can also define parameters inside these parentheses. The first statement of
a function can be an optional statement - the documentation string of the
function.
The code block within every function starts with a colon (:) and is indented. The
statement return [expression] exits a function, optionally passing back an expression to
the caller. A return statement with no arguments is the same as return None.

Syntex:
def functionname( parameters ):
"function_docstring"
function_suite
return [expression]

Example:
1. def printme( str ):
"This prints a passed string into this function"
print str
return

2. # Function definition is here

def printme( str ):
"This prints a passed string into this function" print
str
return;

# Now you can call printme function printme("I'm first

call to user defined function!") printme("Again second
call to the same function")

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 Chapter 5

USES AND SCOPE

5.1 Scope of Python

 Science
- Bioinformatics
 System Administration
-Unix
-Web logic
-Web sphere
 Web Application Development
-CGI
 Testing scripts

Fig5.1: Python Applications

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5.2 What Can We do With Python?
1. System programming
2. Graphical User Interface Programming
3. Internet Scripting
4. Component Integration
5. Database Programming
6. Gaming, Images, XML , Robot and more……

5.3Who Uses Python Today?

Python is being applied in real revenue-generating products by real.

Companies like Google makes extensive use of Python in its web search system,
employs. Python’s creator. Intel, Cisco, Hewlett-Packard, Seagate, Qualcomm, and
IBM use Python. For hardware testing. ESRI uses Python as an end-user
customization tool for its popular GI mapping products. The YouTube video sharing
service is largely written in Python.

Fig 5.2: Top companies using Python.

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5.4 Why Do People Use Python?
The following primary factors cited by Python users seem
to be these:
a) Python is object-oriented.
b) Structure supports such concepts as polymorphism, operation overloading, and
multiple inheritance.
c) Indentation is one of the greatest future in Python. It's free (open source)
d) Source code is easily accessible

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 Chapter 6
Python Project

3.1 About Project

This is a simple password generator using Python programming language. Beginners can use this as a
small project to boost their programming skills and understanding logic.

Project Code:

import string
import random

if __name__ == "__main__":
s1 = string.ascii_uppercase
#print(s1)
s2 = string.ascii_lowercase
#print(s2)
s3 = string.digits
#print(s3)
#s4 = string.punctuation
#print(s4)
plen = int(input("enter password lengths\n"))
s = []
s.extend(list(s1))
s.extend(list(s2))
s.extend(list(s3))
#s.extend(list(s4))
#print(s)
random.shuffle(s)
#print(s)
print("".join(s[0:plen]))

Output:

enter password lengths

8
AyDYrS7M

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Project Snapshot:

Snapshot 1:- project code

Snapshot 2: output screen

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 CONCLUSIONS

Practical knowledge means the visualization of the knowledge, which we read in our
books. For this, we perform experiments and get observations. Practical knowledge is very
important in every field. One must be familiar with the problems related to that field so
that he may solve them and become a successful person.
After achieving the proper goal in life, an engineer has to enter in professional life.
According to this life, he has to serve an industry, may be public or private sector or self-
own. For the efficient work in the field, he must be well aware of the practical knowledge
as well as theoretical knowledge.

Due to all above reasons and to bridge the gap between theory and practical, our
Engineering curriculum provides a practical training of 30 days. During this period
a student work in the industry and get well all type of experience and knowledge about the
working of companies and hardware and software tools.

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References

a) . https://www.w3schools.com

b). https://www.coursera.org

c).https://www.wikipedia.org

d).https://www.python.org

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