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Unit 528 Concrete Design Task 3

The document discusses different methods for designing concrete mixes according to standards. It describes nominal mix ratios which are fixed cement-aggregate ratios that ensure adequate strength. It also describes standard mixes which specify minimum compressive strengths and correspond to mix proportions like 1:1.5:3 for M20. Designed mixes determine proportions based on material characteristics to produce concrete with appropriate properties economically. The document provides a table comparing normal, standard, and high strength concrete grades with their mix ratios and compressive strengths.

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Shine Aung
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78 views4 pages

Unit 528 Concrete Design Task 3

The document discusses different methods for designing concrete mixes according to standards. It describes nominal mix ratios which are fixed cement-aggregate ratios that ensure adequate strength. It also describes standard mixes which specify minimum compressive strengths and correspond to mix proportions like 1:1.5:3 for M20. Designed mixes determine proportions based on material characteristics to produce concrete with appropriate properties economically. The document provides a table comparing normal, standard, and high strength concrete grades with their mix ratios and compressive strengths.

Uploaded by

Shine Aung
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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(9208-528) Concrete Design Mg Than Maw Win

3.1 (Compare methods used to design concrete mixes in accordance with standards)
Concrete mix ratios are the proportions of concrete components such as cement, sand,
aggregates and water. These mix ratios are decided based on type of construction and mix
designs.
However, building codes provides nominal and standard concrete mix ratios for
various construction works based on experience and testing.

Types of Concrete Mix Ratio – Mix Designs


Nominal Concrete Mix Ratios
In the past the specifications for concrete prescribed the proportions of cement, fine
and coarse aggregates. These mixes of fixed cement-aggregate ratio which ensures adequate
strength are termed nominal mixes.
Nominal mixes offer simplicity and under normal circumstances, have a margin of
strength above that specified. However, due to the variability of mix ingredients the nominal
concrete for a given workability varies widely in strength.
Nominal mix ratios for concrete are 1:2:4 for M15, 1:1.5:3 for M20 etc.

Standard Mixes or Ratio


The nominal mixes of fixed cement-aggregate ratio (by volume) vary widely in
strength and may result in under or over-rich mixes. For this reason, the minimum
compressive strength has been included in many specifications. These mixes are termed
standard mixes.
IS 456-2000 has designated the concrete mixes into a number of grades as M10, M15,
M20, M25, M30, M35 and M40. In this designation the letter M refers to the mix and the
number to the specified 28 day cube strength of mix in N/mm2.
The mixes of grades M10, M15, M20 and M25 correspond approximately to the mix
proportions (1:3:6), (1:2:4), (1:1.5:3) and (1:1:2) respectively.

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(9208-528) Concrete Design Mg Than Maw Win

Designed Mix Ratio of Concrete


In these mixes the performance of the concrete is specified by the designer but the
mix proportions are determined by the producer of concrete, except that the minimum cement
content can be laid down. This is most rational approach to the selection of mix proportions
with specific materials in mind possessing more or less unique characteristics.
The approach results in the production of concrete with the appropriate properties
most economically. However, the designed mix does not serve as a guide since this does not
guarantee the correct mix proportions for the prescribed performance.
For the concrete with undemanding performance nominal or standard mixes
(prescribed in the codes by quantities of dry ingredients per cubic meter and by slump) may
be used only for very small jobs, when the 28-day strength of concrete does not exceed 30
N/mm2. No control testing is necessary reliance being placed on the masses of the
ingredients.
As shown in table (3.1) provides details of different types of concrete mix ratios and
their strengths.
Table (3.1) Different types of Concrete mix ratios and their strengths

Compressive Strength
Concrete Grade Mix Ratio
MPa (N/mm2) psi

Normal Grade of Concrete

M5 1 : 5 : 10 5 MPa 725 psi

M7.5 1:4:8 7.5 MPa 1087 psi

M10 1:3:6 10 MPa 1450 psi

M15 1:2:4 15 MPa 2175 psi

M20 1 : 1.5 : 3 20 MPa 2900 psi

Standard Grade of Concrete

M25 1:1:2 25 MPa 3625 psi

M30 Design Mix 30 MPa 4350 psi

M35 Design Mix 35 MPa 5075 psi

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(9208-528) Concrete Design Mg Than Maw Win

M40 Design Mix 40 MPa 5800 psi

M45 Design Mix 45 MPa 6525 psi

High Strength Concrete Grades

M50 Design Mix 50 MPa 7250 psi

M55 Design Mix 55 MPa 7975 psi

M60 Design Mix 60 MPa 8700 psi

M65 Design Mix 65 MPa 9425 psi

M70 Design Mix 70 MPa 10150 psi

Counting Words – 575 words

3.2 (Design a concrete mix to meet specified parameters)


The strength and durability properties of a certain concrete depend on multiple
parameters related to the mix design of concrete:

Concrete Grade
Grade of concrete is the strength of concrete measured after 28 days of casting for
cured concrete specimens. The grade of concrete construction is based on structural integrity
and type of concrete mix. The grade designation will depend on which code you are working
according to by usually they will refer to the 28 days compressive strength.

Cement Type
There are multiple types of cement that can employed in a mixture design. Each
cement type has a specific feature that makes it more suitable for a certain purpose over the
other.

Aggregate Size
The physical qualities required for the design will determine the type of aggregates
required for each mix. Prior to usage, all aggregates must be properly sized.

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(9208-528) Concrete Design Mg Than Maw Win

Type of water
The type of water that should be used in mixing is potable water, which is the water
suitable for drinking. If you have doubts on the quality of water, do the tests necessary to
verify it quality.

Water-to-Cement Ratio (abbreviated as W/C)


The w/c ratio is very important for a mix design. It has a direct relationship to the
strength of concrete, workability, setting time and durability. That is why extreme care has to
be given for the selection and achievement of the w/c.

Workability
The level of workability needed for a specific job also affects the mixture
design. Concrete should be workable without excessive bleeding or segregation.

Durability
Durability is the ability of a material to resist weathering action, chemical attack,
abrasion, and other conditions of service.

Counting Words – 272 words

Links:
https://theconstructor.org/concrete/types-of-concrete-mix-design/5984/?amp=1
https://www.civilengineeringforum.me/importance-of-concrete-mix-design-for-construction/

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