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M4 Check-in-Activity 1

The three detection tests for elements in organic compounds that the author appreciated most are: 1. Sodium nitroprusside test and lead acetate test for sulfur, which form purple and black precipitates respectively. 2. Heating with ferrous sulfate and adding ferric chloride to form a Prussian blue/green color for nitrogen. 3. Heating with cupric oxide and passing the gas through anhydrous copper sulfate and limewater to detect carbon (turns limewater milky) and hydrogen (turns copper sulfate blue).

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Phoemela Reign Gregorio
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159 views3 pages

M4 Check-in-Activity 1

The three detection tests for elements in organic compounds that the author appreciated most are: 1. Sodium nitroprusside test and lead acetate test for sulfur, which form purple and black precipitates respectively. 2. Heating with ferrous sulfate and adding ferric chloride to form a Prussian blue/green color for nitrogen. 3. Heating with cupric oxide and passing the gas through anhydrous copper sulfate and limewater to detect carbon (turns limewater milky) and hydrogen (turns copper sulfate blue).

Uploaded by

Phoemela Reign Gregorio
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Phoemela Reign Gregorio

BSN-STEM1A

What are the three [3] detection tests of elements in organic compounds that
you appreciated most, and give the method on how to determine the element?

1. Test for Sulfur


Sulphur is a non-metallic chemical element with the symbol 'S' and is presented in
many organic compounds like Carbon Disulphide.
There are two tests to detect the presence of Sulphur and these are;

 Sodium Nitroprusside Test


Take a small portion of Lassaigne's extract in a test tube and add a few drops of
Sodium nitroprusside solution using a dropper.
Na2S + Na2[Fe(CN)5NO] Na4[Fe(CN)5NOS]
This is when Sodium sulphide is formed during a fusion reacts with Sodium
nitroprusside and it forms a purple-coloured sodium thionitroprusside.

 Lead Acetate Test


A small portion of Lassaigne's extract and using a dropper, add a few drops of
acetic acid to the test tube to acidify the Lassaigne's extract. Then, add a few
drops of Lead acetate solution using another dropper.
Na2S + (CH3COO)2Pb PbS + 2CH3COONa
This is when Sodium sulphide is formed during fusion reacts with lead acetate to
yield black precipitate of lead sulphide.
2. Test for Nitrogen
In the Lassaigne's test for the detection of Nitrogen in an organic compound, a
small portion of the Lassaigne's extract and a small quantity of freshly
prepared ferrous sulphate solution is heated over the Bunsen burner, after
heating the solutions, a few drops of ferric chloride solution and concentrated
hydrochloric acid to is added to the test tube.
As what I observed, the appearance of a Prussian blue or blue-green colored
ferric ferrocyanide is due to the sodium ferrocyanide that reacts with ferric
chloride.
3Na4 [Fe(CN)6] + 4FeCl3 Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3+ 12NaCl

3. Carbon and Hydrogen Test


In detecting the Carbon and Hydrogen the first thing to do is to take the
organic compound in a dry test tube and mix it with cupric oxide (CuO), three
times its weight then heat the compound strongly, that is when the evolved
gasses passed through a delivery tube that contains a bulb with anhydrous
copper sulphate then passes into lime water taken in a test tube.

If Carbon is present, it forms Carbon Dioxide (CO2) gas and turns to lime water
milky.
The reactions involved in this process are:
C + 2CuO 2Cu + CO2
Ca(OH) 2 + CO2 CaCo3 + H2O
If Hydrogen is present in the compound, it forms H2O vapour/ water vapour
when it passed over white anhydrous CuSo, it turns blue by forming
CuSo4.5H20
The reactions involved in this process are:
2H + CuO Cu + H2O
CuSo4 + 5H2O CuSO4.5H2O

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