PARENTING STYLES AND HOW IT AFFECTS THE ACADEMIC

PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS IN TACURONG

NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

A Research Requirement
Presented to
Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics Strand
Of Senior High School
Tacurong National High School, Tacurong City

In Partial Fulfillment
Of The Requirements in Practical Research

WAOT, TRICIA SHANINE L.

VENEGAS, EDLYN GRIZLE MAE C.
MAGNO, JORIGREN D.
Researchers

LEIZEL C. CASTANO, PhD

Research Adviser

January 2023
 AKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researcher would like to express our sincere gratitude to those

who have made the most of this research study.

First and foremost, praises and thanks to God almighty, for the

showers of wisdom and strength through this research study.

Secondly, our research adviser, Ma’am Leizel G. Castaño for allowing

us to do the research, providing us advice and guidance throughout this

study.

We are deeply grateful for the vision and knowledge you gave us.

Last but not the least, we would like to thank our parents for funding

the daily costs of this study and for supporting until the very end.

And also to our respondents for the honest and cooperative reply to all the

questions requested in the Research study.

The Researchers
 DEDICATION

This study is entirely dedicated to our beloved parents, who have been

our source of inspiration and strength when we thought of giving up, and who

have always provide us with, moral, emotional and financial support.

To our relatives, friends, teacher, and classmates who encourage and

advised us to start this study.

Finally, we thank Almighty God who has showered us with his

blessings in our daily lives, providing us with the strength and wisdom to

complete this work.

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter I: INTRODUCTION PAGE

Background of the Study…………………………………………………1

Statement of the Problem………………………………………………..3

Hypothesis…………………………………………………………………3

Significance of the Study………………………………………………...4

Conceptual Framework…………………………………………………..4

Scope and Delimitation of the Study……………………………………5

Operational Definition of Terms…………………………………………5

Chapter II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE…………………………..7

Chapter III: METHODOLOGY

Research Design…………………………………………………………..10

Population Sample………………………………………………………...10

Research Instrument……………………………………………………...10

Research Respondents………………………………………………..…11

Locale of the Study………………………………………………………..11

Statistical Analysis………………………………………………………...11

Data Gathering Procedure………………………………………………..13

Data Processing …………………………………………………………..13

References……………………………………………………………………….14

Survey Questionnaire………………………………………………………….15
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Every people have different stories to tell. Different problems that they

endure everyday. Problems at home are sometimes brought to school by

some other students. The parenting style that the parents give to their

children may not be healthy and could affect their well-being. Sometimes, it

can affect their behavior and academic performance on school.

Parents have been known to be a child’s first teacher from the moment

a child is born and as they mature into adults, the traditional role of parents

involve teaching, guiding, and raising children become strong standing

members of the community.

Parenting style are constructs used to describe different strategies

parents tend to utilize when raising a children. These styles encompass

parents’ behaviors and attitudes and the emotional environment in which they

raise their children. Some children raised in dramatically different

environments can later grow up to have remarkably similar personalities.

When you analyze, those children who grew up with their parents have

different attitudes or behaviors to those children who grew up with their

grandparents or guardian.

Academic performance is the measurement of student

achievement across various academic subjects. Teachers and education

1
officials typically measure achievement using classroom performance,

graduation rates and results from standardized test. Students performance is

measured using grade point average, high school graduation rate, annual

standardized test and college entrance exam.

The focus of this study is to give awareness to the parents on how their

parenting style affects the academic performance of their children.

2
Statement of the Problem

In general, this study will help determine on how does the parenting

style affect the academic performance of students in Tacurong National High

School.

Particularly, this study will answer the following questions.

1. What are the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents in

terms of:

a. Age b. Gender

c. Religion d. Parent’s Occupation

2. What is the most parenting style that is used in today’s generation?

A. permissive c. Authoritarian

B. Authoritative d. Uninvolved

3. What is the level of students academic performance for the first quarter?

4. Is there any significant difference between parenting style and academic

performance of students?

5. Is there significant difference on the parenting styles given to the students?

HYPOTHESIS

HO1: There is no significant difference between parenting style and

academic performance of students in Tacurong National High School.

HO2: There is no significant difference on parenting style given to the

students.

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Significance of the Study

The researcher of this study desire to provide information with regards

to the parenting style that affect the academic performance of the students. It

will significantly contribute to the following:

1. Parents. For them to know or understand the best ways to assist and

counsel their child who are experiencing struggle on their academic

performance.

2.Students. For them to be aware of any challenges that they may face and

how they would deal with it.

3. Teachers. To guide their students their students who have problems and

help them overcome it.

4. Future researcher. For future researchers who will make a study related

to this.

Conceptual Framework
Dependent Variable
Independent Variable
Academic performance of
Parenting Style
students

Moderating Variable

Permissive Parenting

Authoritative Parenting

Authoritarian Parenting

Uninvolved Parenting

4
Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This study is only limited to the parenting style and how it affects the

academic performance of students in TNHS. This research paper is intended

to give ideas to the readers about the given topic.

Operational Definition of Terms

Academic Performance is the extent to which a student, teacher or

institution has attained their short or long term educational goals and is

measured either by continuous assesment or cumulative grade point average.

Authoritative Parenting is an approach to child-rearing that combines

warmth, sensitivity, and the setting of limits. Parents use positive

reinforcement and reasoning to guide children. They avoid resorting to threats

or punishments. This approach is common in educated, middle class families,

and linked with superior child outcomes throughout the world.

Authoritarian Parenting is an extremely strict parenting style. It places high

expectations on children with little responsiveness. As an authoritarian parent,

you focus more on obedience, discipline, control rather than nurturing your

child.

Permissive Parenting also known as the indulgent parenting style, is a

parenting style characterized by high responsiveness and low

demandingness. Permissive-indulgent parents are very responsive to their

5
 child's emotional needs. But they don't set limits or are very inconsistent in

enforcing boundaries.

Uninvolved Parenting also called neglectful parenting, which obviously

carries more negative connotations is a style of parenting where parents don't

respond to their child's needs or desires beyond the basics of food, clothing,

and shelter.

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 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This section provides a synthesis of the viewpoints, principles,

concepts and ideas from various authors about parenting styles and

academic performance .Furthermore, it presents the collection of published

information and date relevant to this study and focuses in presenting similar

research which gives sufficient background and information needed in the

study.

Academic Performance of Students

The purpose of the school or academic performance is to achieve an

educational goal, learning. In this regard there are several components of the

complex unit called performance. They are learning processes promoted by

the school that involve the transformation of a given state, into a new state,

and they are achieved with the integrity in a different unit with cognitive and

structural elements. Performance varies according to circumstances, organic

and environmental conditions that determine skills and experiences.

Parenting Style and Adolescents

Adolecent behavior also influences parenting style. Whereas

cooperative, motivated, and responsible teen may be more likely to have

parents who exercise an authoritative parenting style, an uncooperative,

7
immature, and irresponsible teen maybe more likely to elict a parenting style

that is an authoritarian or uninvolved.

The Impact of authoritative, permissive, and authoritarian behavior of

parents on self concept, psychological health and life quality

Many parents see their child changing from a compliant being into

someone who is noncompliant, oppositional and resistant to parental

standards. Parents often clamp down and put more pressure on the

adolescent to conform to parental standards. Adolescents are not going to

conform to adult standards immediately. Parents who recognize that

adolescents take a long time «to get it right» usually deal more competently

and calmly with adolescent transgressions than do parents who demand

immediate conformity to parental standards. Yet other parents, rather than

placing heavy demands on their adolescents for compliance, do virtually the

opposite, letting them do as they please in a very permissive manner.

Parent-Child Relationship

The relationship between a parent and their child is a unique bond that

nurtures the holistic growth and development of a child. It lays the foundation

for their behavior, personality, traits and values. Children who have a healthy

relationship with their parents are more likely to develop positive relationships

with other people around them. They can establish secure bonds and

8
 The healthy involvement of parents in their children’s day to day life

helps ensure that their kids can perform better socially and academically.

9
 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the procedure used in the study. This includes

Research design, Population Sample, Research instrument, Research

respondents, locale of the study, Statistical Analysis, Data gathering and Data

Processing

Research Design

This study will implement a quantitative descriptive method. This

method collects data from the respondents and is focused only to gather

information about the parenting style affects the academic performance of the

students.

Population Sample

The target population of this study is in Tacurong National High

School, Tacurong City, Sultan Kudarat. The given survey will be gathered in

an organized matter.

Research Instrument

The researcher will provide survey questionnaires. It contains

questions to be answered by the respondents to have the results. The

questions are based on the parenting style tat affect the academic

10
performance of students in TNHS.

Research Respondents

The respondents to this research study are the students of Tacurong

National High School.

Locale of the Study

The study will be conducted at Tacurong National HIgh School. The

researcher choose this location because it where the research must be

conducted and the target respondents are also from Tacurong National HIgh

School.

Statistical Analysis

To determine how the parenting style affect the academic performance

of students, this study will utilize the mean score of the parenting style. The

researchers will also use the mean average to know the significance on how

parenting style affect the academic performance of students.

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Data Gathering Procedure

The researcher will ask permission to the research adviser in

order to conduct the study. Consent will be given to the respondents before

an interview will begin. The interview will contain questions that will satisfy the

objectives of the study. The data collected will be translated with integrity and

honesty. The names and identity of respondents will be classified for ethics

purposes.

Data Processing

The data from the survey will be transcribe by the researcher. It

will be recorded and the answer will be categorized by looking into the

commonalities of their response. The researcher will interpret and analyze the

gathered data through the participants perspective. The table below shows

the Likert Scale that the respondents will use.

5 Always

4 Often

3 Seldom

2 Sometimes

1 Never

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 REFERENCES

Benjamin, 1993; Ceka & Murati, 2016; Emerson et al., 2012, The Role of

Parents in Education.

Retrieved at (https://www.ukfiet.org/2020/how-parents-are-supporting-

their-childrens-learning-during-the-covid-19-pandemic-in-nigeria/ )

October 20, 2022

Davis-Kean 2005; Pearce 2006; Vartanian et al. 2007, Parental Expectation

Retrieved at (https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10648-010-

9121-z) October 20, 2022

Fahimeh Rezai Niaraki1, Hassan Rahimi2(2012); The Impact of

authoritative, permissive, and authoritarian behavior of parents on self

concept, psychological health and life quality

Retrieved at (https://european-science.com/eojnss/article/view/24/pdf)

January, 2023

Hill & Craft, 2003, Parent-school involvement and school performance

Retrieved at (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3020099/)

October 20, 2022

Kendra Cherry, Parenting Styles

Retrieved at (https://www.verywellmind.com/parenting-styles-2795072)

October 2022

13
Kimberly Kopko (2007); Parenting Styles and Adolescents

Retrieved at(https://www.countrysideday.org/wp-

content/uploads/2014/09/Parenting-Styles-and- Adolescents.pdf?

fbclid=IwAR0zI4Tll9Uj0m8Dhm_OwK-

YJBVBUPQW0UCnsFyAjJKKdfnvRDOF6GWKJCU) January 2023

Mesfin Tadese, Alex Yeshaneh, Getaneh Baye Mulu, Determinants of g

ood academic performance

Retrieved at

(https://bmcmededuc.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12909-022-

034610#:~:text=Academic%20performance%2F%20achievement%20i

s%20the,(CGPA)%20%5B3%5D.) January 2023

14
 SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE

This paper is a survey questionnaire on the study entitled , PARENTING

STYLE AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF TACURONG NATIONAL
HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS. Please check the level of following factors that
manifest your support as a parent in the achievement of of your child. Rest
assured that all the data in this paper will be kept confidential. The legend of
the survey are as follows:
5-Always 4-Often 3- seldom 2- rarely 1-never

Name (optional): ___________________________________ Age: _____

Gender: ___________
Religion: __________________Grade Level: ______________________
MY PARENTS 5 4 3 2 1
1. Are responsive to my feelings and needs
2. Provides some comfort and do
understandings when I am not okay or if I
am upset
3. Punish me by taking some of the privileges
away from me
4. Provide reasons for the expectations they
have on me
5. Exploding their anger on me
6. Respecting my opinion on things
7. Letting me express my ideas on something
8. Using criticism to improve my attitudes and
behaviour
9. They use threats as a form of punishment
10. Explains to me how they feel about my
good or bad behaviour
11. Complimented me
12. Giving in when I try to make commotions
about something
13. Treat me as a nuisance or as a burden
14. Focus their attention on me
15. Gives me praises when I do good or
achieve something
16. Gets upset if sometimes I am not agree
with their descisions on me
17. Having warm, intimte and happy time
together with me
18. Provides comfort
19. Spoils me
20. Telling me how to run my life in the future
21. Fails to monitor my activities
22. Do not set limits on my activities because
they don’t care
23. Explaining reasons behnd their
expectations
24. Punishing me without holding emotional
expressions
25. Do not communicate clearly and enforce
rules
* Adapted from the “Parenting Style Questionnaire” www.chegg.com
 15

Republic of the Philippines

Region Xll
City School Division of Tacurong
Tacurong National High School
School ID: 304624
Brgy. New Isabela, City of Tacurong

LETTER TO CONDUCT

MA. TERESITA H. ESCOBIA

Principal II, Tacurong National High School
New Isabela, Tacurong City
Dear Ma’am,
Greeting of Peace!
I, Tricia Shanine L. Waot, Edlyn Grizle Mae C. Veñegas, Jorigren D.
Magno are students of Tacurong National High School-Senior High School
who will conduct a research study for Grade 12 Practical Research II entitled
“PARENTING STYLES AND HOW IT AFFECTS THE
ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS IN TACURONG
NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL”

In this regards, we are seeking your consent to allow us to conduct

this study with the Tacurong National High School students as our
respondents. We assure you that all protocols will be followed. Rest assured
that the data we will gather remain absolutely confidential and to be used in
academic purpose only.
Thank you so much and God Bless!!
Respectfully yours,
TRICIA SHANINE L. WAOT
Noted by: Lead Researcher
LEIZEL G. CASTAÑO, PhD.
Research Adviser/ Academic Track Coordinator

Recommending Approved by:

FREDDIE T. DELANTAR
SHS-Principal II
Approved by:
MA. TERESITA H. ESCOBIA
Principal II

Department of Education

Region XII

City Schools Division of Tacurong

TACURONG NATIONAL HIGHSCHOOL – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

New Isabela, Tacurong City

LETTER TO THE RESPONDENTS

Dear Participants,

We are presently conducting our research titled “PARENTING

STYLES AND HOW IT AFFECTS THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF

STUDENTS IN TACURONG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL”.

May we ask for your time to answer some questions that we will be

asking to you? Rest assured that your answers in this questionnaire will be for

academic purposes only and will keep with utmost confidentially.

Hoping for your kind participation. Thank you very much!

Respectfully yours,

WAOT, TRICIA SHANINE L.

VENEGAS, EDLYN GRIZLE MAE C.

MAGNO, JORIGREN D.

Researchers