ENGLISH

GRAMMER
By: Engr. Sir Sheikh
(BE CIVIL NED & MBA IU)
TENSES
By: Engr. Sir Sheikh
(BE CIVIL NED & MBA IU)
Indefinite Tense
 PRESENT INDEFINITE
Identification: Daily Routine , Habbits etc
Form of Verb: 1st form of Verb is used
Structure:
• Subject + V1st form + s or es + Object (Affirmative)

• Subject + H.V (Do, Does) +Not + V1st form + Object (Negative)

He, She , it or any Singular I, We, You , They or Any Plural Name
Name (Ali, Hasan, Binish (Subhan and Adnan Ali and Zahid etc)
etc)

• H.V (Do , Does) + Subject + V1st form + Obj? (Interrogative)

 Sentences:
• For habits

He drinks tea at breakfast.

He does not drink tea at breakfast
Does he drink tea at breakfast?

• For repeated actions or events

We catch the bus every morning.
We do not catch the bus every morning
Do we catch the bus every morning?

For general truths

Water freezes at zero degrees.
Water does not freeze at zero degree
Does water freeze at zero degree
Let’s do some Practice!
1. The Earth revolves around the Sun.
2. It rains every afternoon in the hot season.
3. They drive to Monaco every summer.
4. She only eats fish.
5. They watch television regularly.
6. He goes to school every morning.
7. She understands English.
8. It mixes the sand and the water.
9. He tries very hard.
10. She enjoys playing the piano
 Fill in the Blanks:

1.I usually _____ (go) to school.

2. They ________(visit) us often.
3. You _________ (play) basketball once a week.
4. Tom_____ (work) every day.
5. He always _____ (tell) us funny stories.
6. She never _____(help) me with that!
7. Martha and Kevin _____ (swim) twice a week.
8. In this club people usually ______(dance) a lot.
9. Linda ________(take care) of her sister.
10. John rarely ________(leave) the country.
11. We _________ (live) in the city most of the year.
12. Lorie ______ (travel) to Paris every Sunday.
13. I __________(bake) cookies twice a month.
 PAST INDEFINITE
Identification: Nearer Past
Form of Verb:2nd form in Affirmative then 2st form of Verb is used
Structure:
• Subject + V2nd form + Object (Affirmative)

• Subject + H.V (Did) +Not + V1st form + Object (Negative)

He, She , it , I, We, You , They or any

Singular /Plural Name

• H.V (Did) + Subject + V1st form + Obj? (Interrogative)

 Sentences:
I wrote articles on different topics.
I did not write articles on different topics
Did I write articles on different topics?

He read various kinds of books.

He did not read various kinds of books.
Did I write articles on different topics?

They played football in that field.

They did not play football in that field
Did They play football in that field?
 Let’s do some Practice!
1. She preferred coffee to tea.
2. He went to the library yesterday.
3. We came for shopping in this market last week.
4. We watched a movie in this Cineplex yesterday.
5. You used to shop in that market.
6. I sang different kinds of songs, especially modern.
7. I listened to melodious songs last evening.
8. He loved to travel around the world.
9. They played cricket in that field last week.
10.The poet wrote a romantic poem.
11.The lyricist wrote a realistic song for the program.
12.Did you go to the concert of realistic songs?
13.I could not attend the program because of my busy schedule.
14.He was a man of parts.
15.I helped him to do the task.
 Fill in the Blanks
1. He _________(drink) some milk.
2. He _________(say) goodbye.
3. He _______(have) a test.
4. They______(draw) in the art lesson.
5. He______(meet) Daisy.
6. She________(answer) some emails.
7. He _______some research.
8. He _________________________(play) basketball.
9. He_______(get) an A.
10. He_______(take) his dog to the park.
11. He ______(sell) orange juice.
12. He _____(write) a letter.
13. They_______(go) to a concert.
14. They______(read) the newspaper.
15. She _______________(do) her homework.
16. They _______(laugh) with a funny story.
17. They ______(leave) school at 4.
18. They ______________(come) back home.
 FUTURE INDEFINITE
Identification: FUTURE EVENTS (PREDICTABLE)
Form of Verb: 1ST form of Verb is used
Structure:
• Subject +Will +V1st form + Object (Affirmative)

• Subject + H.V (Will) +Not + V1st form + Object (Negative)

He, She , It, I, We, You , They or

Any Singular or Plural Name

• H.V (Will) + Subject + V1st form + Object? (Interrogative)

 Sentences:
• I will write articles on different topics.
I will not write article son different topics
Will I write articles on different topics?
• Robert will read various kinds of books.
Robert will not read various kinds of books.
Will Robert read various kinds of books?
• They will play football in that field.
They will not play football in that field
Will they play football in that field?
 Let’s do some Practice!

1. April will prefer coffee to tea.

2. Bob will go to the library tomorrow.
3. We will go shopping in that market this Monday.
4. We will watch a movie in this Cineplex on next Friday.
5. You will shop at that market tomorrow.
6. I will sing different kinds of songs, especially modern.
7. I will attend a program of my varsity on Friday.
8. Jeff will travel around the world in March.
9. They will play hockey in that field on Thursday.
10. The poet will write a romantic poem for this program.
11. The lyricist will write a realistic song.
12. Will you go to the concert of realistic songs?
13. I will not attend the program because of my busy schedule.
14. Robin will join us in the meeting.
 Fill in the Blanks:

1. I ______ (turn) twenty one next week.

2. I think Lakers ______ (win) their next game.
3. You should go with them, otherwise you____(get bored).
4. I really hope things _______ (get) better soon.
5. I am starving, I_____(have) a big burger.
6. Somebody's at the door, I _______(check) it out.
7. If you can come early, I_____(cook) a nice meal for you.
8. I promise, I______(not disappoint) you ever again.
9. Do you think we ______(make) it on time for the flight?
10. I don't feel very well, I think I _______(just stay) home.
11. According to the doctor he __________(survive).
Continuous Tense
 PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Identification: Continuity
Form of Verb: 4th form of Verb is used
Structure:
• Subject +H.V (is, am , are) +V4th form + Object (Affirmative)

Is: He , She, It or any Singular noun

Am: I
Are: We, They or any Plural Name

• Subject +H.V (is, am , are) +Not + V4th form + Object (Negative)

• H.V (is, am , are) + Subject + V4th form + Object ? (Interrogative)

 Sentences:
I am studying to become a doctor.
I am not studying to become a doctor.
Am I studying to become a doctor?
You are learning English now.
You are not learning English now.
Are you learning English now?
You are watching cricket on television.
You are not Watching cricket on television.
Are you Watching cricket on television?
 Let’s do some Practice!

1. I am writing articles on different topics.

2. He is reading various kinds of books.
3. They are playing football now.
4. He is going to the library.
5. We are coming for shopping in this market.
6. We are watching a movie in this Cineplex.
7. You are shopping in that market.
8. I am listening to melodious songs.
9. He is traveling around the world.
10.They are playing cricket in that field.
11.The poet is writing romantic poems.
12.The lyricist is writing realistic songs.
13.I am not quarreling with you.
 Fill in the Blanks:

1. The students _______ (go) to school.

2. I __________ (look) to launch a new business.
3. I __________ Mathews tomorrow. (see)
4. I _______ fine today. (feel)
5. He _________ on the bed. (lie)
6. She ________presently _________ on cattle diseases. (work)
7. It _______ (begin) to rain.
8. We ________(hope) to hear from them soon.
9. She _________(look) for a job.
10. I _________ (read) the newspaper.
11. We _______ (arrange) some picnics.
12. The baby _______ (cry).
13. The child ________ (sleep).
 PAST CONTINUOUS
Identification: Continuity
Form of Verb: 4th form of Verb is used
Structure:
• Subject +H.V (Was, Were) +V4th form + Object (Affirmative)

Was: I, He , She, It or any Singular noun

Were: You, We, They or any Plural Noun

• Subject +H.V (Was, Were) +Not + V4th form + Object (Negative)

• H.V (Was, Were) + Subject + V4th form + Object ? (Interrogative)

 Sentences:
James was repairing the car.
James was not repairing the car
Was James repairing the car?
The dogs were barking.
The dogs were not barking.
Were the dogs barking?
The cat was chasing the mouse.
The cat was not chasing the mouse.
Was the cat chasing the mouse?
 Let’s do some Practice!

1. The boy was sleeping.

2. I was reading when the lights went out.
3. She was washing the clothes.
4. I was cooking dinner when the visitors arrived.
5. Julia was doing her homework at 8 pm.
6. Janet was rehearsing for the play.
7. Sophia was waiting for the bus.
8. The birds were chirping.
9. The boys were learning their lesson.
10. She was getting dressed.
11. He was searching for his purse.
12. The cat was chasing the mouse.
 Fill in the Blanks:

1. I ________(get) dressed when the door bell rang.

2. She ________ (cook) dinner when the guests arrived.
3. The students _________ (write) their exam.
4. The child __________ (cry) for the toy.
5. The lights went out when I ________(do) my homework.
6. Dad _________ (drink) tea when the newspaper boy arrived.
7. The dogs ___________ (bark) loudly.
8. The wind _______ (blow) fiercely.
9. I ______ (knit) a sweater when my puppy took away the ball of wool.
10. The birds _______ (sing) sweetly.
 FUTURE CONTINUOUS
Identification: Continuity
Form of Verb: 4th form of Verb is used
Structure:
• Subject +H.V (Will ) + be +V4th form + Object (Affirmative)

Will be: I, He , She, It, You, We, They or any

Singular and Plural Noun

• Subject +H.V (will) + Not + be + V4th form + Object (Negative)

• H.V (Will) + Subject + be + V4th form + Object ? (Interrogative)

 Sentences:
Michael will be running a marathon this Saturday.
Michael will not be running a marathon this Saturday.
Will Michael be running a marathon this Saturday?

Eric will be competing against Michael in the race.

Eric will not be competing against Michael in the race.
Will Eric be competing against Michael in the race?
 Let’s do some Practice!

1. I will be writing articles on different topics.

2. Robert will be reading various kinds of books.
3. They will be playing football in that field.
4. April will be having coffee in this coffee shop.
5. Bob will be going to the library.
6. We will be shopping in that market this Monday.
7. We will be watching a movie in this Cineplex on next Friday.
8. You will be shopping at that market tomorrow.
9. I will be singing different kinds of songs, especially modern.
10.I will be attending a program of my varsity on Friday.
11.Jeff will be traveling around the world in March.
12.They will be playing hockey in that field on Thursday.
13.The poet will be writing a romantic poem for the program.
14.The lyricist will be writing a realistic song for the film
 Fill in the Blanks:

1. Mr. Paul ____________ (teach) the students mathematics next year.

2. Emily ____________ (wear) a red rose behind her ear when she
meets you at the airport.
3. Tiffany and her friends ______ (see) a movie at 8 tomorrow evening.
4. I _____ (welcome) the guests when you arrive at the party
tomorrow.
5. Waverly ____________ (use) his laptop for the next few hours.
6. By the time you wake up, we _________(fly) our kites in the field.
7. Tina ____________ (weed) in the garden at 5.30 p.m. tomorrow
evening.
8. Helen and her family ____(sunbathe) on the beach tomorrow
morning.
Perfect Tense
 PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
Identification: Some thing already completed
Form of Verb: 3rd form of Verb is used
Structure:
• Subject +H.V (has , have) +V3rd form + Object (Aff)

Has: He , She, It or any Singular noun

Have: I, We, They or any Plural Name

• Subj +H.V (Has, Have) +Not + V3rd form + Obj (Negative)

• H.V (Has, Have) + Sub + V3rd form + Object ? (Interrogative)

 Sentences:
Ali has completed his tasks.
Ali has not completed his tasks.
Has Ali completed his tasks?
They have left restaurants
They have not left restaurant.
Have they left restaurants?
The cat has chased the mouse.
The cat has not chased the mouse.
Has the cat chased the mouse?
 PAST PERFECT TENSE
Identification: Some thing already completed
Form of Verb: 3rd form of Verb is used
Structure:
• Subject +H.V (had) +V3rd form + Object (Aff)

Had: He , She, It or any Singular noun I, We, They or any Plural

Name

• Subj +H.V (Had) +Not + V3rd form + Obj (Negative)

• H.V (Had) + Subj + V3rd form + Object ? (Interrogative)

 Sentences:
Ali had completed his tasks.
Ali had not completed his tasks.
Had Ali completed his tasks?
They had left restaurant.
They had not left restaurant.
Had they left restaurants?
The cat had chased the mouse.
The cat had not chased the mouse.
Had the cat chased the mouse?
 FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
Identification: Some thing already completed
Form of Verb: 3rd form of Verb is used
Structure:
• Subject +H.V (Will have) +V3rd form + Object (Aff)

Will have: He , She, It or any Singular noun I, We, They or any

Plural Name

• Subj +H.V (Will) +Not + have + V3rd form + Obj (Negative)

• H.V (Will) + Subj + have + V3rd form + Object ? (Interrogative)

 Let’s do some Practice!

1. They haven’t gone to the shopping center.

2. Have they played the piano?
3. I have known Michael since high school.
4. My baby has slept since all night.
5. They had bought a new car.
6. I have studied at home for one hour.
7. There had been an accident.
8. People have not traveled to Venus.
9. Alex had studied two foreign languages.
10. She has learned to speak Spanish.
11. She has gone to the library.
12. You will have gone home
13. The army has attacked that city two times.
14. You had listened to Madonna in the concert.
15. Scientists will not have split the atom.
 Perfect
Continuous Tense
 PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Identification: Continuity
Form of Verb: 3rd form of Verb is used
Structure:
• Sub +H.V (has , have) + been +V4th form +Object (Aff) + Since / For

Has: He , She, It or any Singular noun

Have: I, We, They or any Plural Name

• Sub +H.V (Has, Have) +been +Not + V4th form + Obj + Since / For (Negative)

• H.V (Has, Have) + Sub + V3rd form + Object ? + Since / For (Interrogative)
 For and since
For Since
For shows an amount of Since tells when an action
time: started:
for a few minutes
since 2 pm

for three weeks

since 1998

for two years

since Sunday
for a decde
since she began her new job
 Since & For
You can use the present perfect continuous for
actions that are repeated over a period of time:
Sentences:
• Debbie is a very good tennis player. She has been playing since she
was eight.
• Every morning they meet in the same café. They have been going
there for years.
 Let’s do some Practice!
1. I have been writing articles on different topics since morning.
2. He has been reading the book for two hours.
3. They have been playing football for an hour.
4. She has been finding the dress since morning.
5. He has been studying in the library for three hours.
6. We have been shopping at this fair for two hours.
7. We have been watching a movie in this Cineplex for two hours.
8. You have been shopping in that market for three hours.
9. I have been listening to melodious songs for an hour.
10. He has been traveling around the world for a month.
11. They have been playing cricket in that field for five hours.
12. The poet has been writing romantic poems for several hours.
13. I have not been watching the cricket match for an hour.
14. Have you been preparing the assignment for two hours?
 Fill in the Blanks:

1. It _____been raining continuously _______ the morning.

2. I have not seen him for a long time.
3. They have been playing in the garden _____ 5 p.m.
4. Ms. Aditya has been teaching History_______2003.
5. She has _______ practicing her maiden speech ______ Wednesday.
6. Guru and Panay _________been travelling _____ last month.
7. It ________outside for half an hour. (hail)
8. The storm ______since 4 O’clock. (howl)
9. I ________ for the bus since morning. (wait)
10. Since when _____ you ______in this school? (read)
11. It ______ not _______ since midnight. (rain)
12. She ________ midnight oil ____ five years. (bum)
13. I ________ for the examination for one year. (prepare)
14. Malaria _______ in this city ______ July. (rage)
15. How long _______ you _______ for me? (wait)
16. The washer man ______our clothes _____ 1985. (wash)
 PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Identification: Some Work Start in Past and still Continue Form of
Verb: 4th form of Verb is used
Structure:
• Subj +H.V (had) + been +V4th form + since/for +Object (Aff)

Had: He , She, It , I, We, They or any Singular/Plural Name

• Subj +H.V (had) + Not + been + V4th form + Since / For + Obj (Negative)

• H.V (had) + Subj + been + V4th form + Since/For + Object ? (Interrogative)

 Let’s do some Practice!

1. I had been writing articles on various topics for three hours.

2. He had been reading different kinds of books since morning.
3. They had been playing football in that field before it started to rain.
4. Jane had been gossiping in the coffee shop for two hours.
5. Jeff had been studying in the library before he came to the class.
6. We had been shopping in that shop before we came home.
7. We had been watching a movie in this Cineplex for three hours.
8. You had been shopping in that market before you came home.
9. I had been singing different kinds of songs for an hour.
10. I had been listening to melodious songs for two hours.
11. Tom had been traveling around the world since the month of December.
12. They had been playing hockey on that field for three hours.
13. The poet had been writing romantic poems since morning.
14. The lyricist had been writing realistic songs since the beginning of his career.
15. Had you not been enjoying the concert for three hours?
 Fill in the Blanks:
1. She _________hard since December. (study)
2. Sara _________ her lover for many years. (befool)
3. How long ________ the two neighbors ________when a third one joined them? (quarrel)
4. I ______for four hours when you knocked at my door. (sleep)
5. Tensing ______ to climb Everest for many years before he succeeded in his mission. (try)
6. I ____ been helping him to do the task _____ 2 hours.
7. We had ______ enjoying the program thoroughly for three hours.
8. I ______ been shopping with my elder brother in the fair _____ morning.
9. I had not been singing different kinds of songs _____ an hour.
10.I had ______ listening to melodious songs ______ two hours.
11.Tom ________ been traveling around the world __________the month of December.
12.They ________been playing hockey on that field _______three hours.
 FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Identification: Some Work Start in Past and still Continue
Form of Verb: 4th form of Verb is used
Structure:
• Subj +H.V (Will have) + been +V4th form +Object + since/for (Aff)

Will have: He , She, It , I, We, They or any Singular/Plural Name

• Subj +H.V (Will have) + Not + been + V4th form + Obj + Since / For (Negative)

• H.V (Will Have) + Subj + been + V4th form + Object + Since/For ? (Interrogative)
 Let’s do some Practice!
1. I will have been written articles on different topics before you come.
2. Robert will have been reading various kinds of books on this topic.
3. They will have been playing football in that field before you reach.
4. April will have been gossiping in the coffee shop before she comes here.
5. Bob will have been studying in the library before he comes to the class.
6. We will have been shopping in that market before you come home.
7. We will have been watching a movie in the Cineplex before you come.
8. You will have been shopping in that market before we come.
9. I will have been singing different kinds of songs before you join us.
10.I will have been attending the program before I come here.
11.Jeff will have been traveling around the world before he comes to Bangladesh.
12.They will have been playing hockey in that field before you reach.
13.The poet will have been writing a romantic poem before the program starts.
14.The lyricist will have been writing a realistic song for the film.
15.Will you have been going to the concert of the realistic songs before I come?
16.I will not have been attending the program before I finish this job.
 Fill in the Blanks:
1. By next month we________(live) in this city for ten years.
2. The team _______(practice) for an hour before the month begins.
3. She ________ (do) her sums for ten days by tomorrow.
4. The guests ________ (arrive) since morning by this time tomorrow.
5. The child _________ (sleep) for three hours before his mother returns from work.
6. By next March we _______ have been living here ________four years.
7. I’ll have ______ teaching ______ twenty years next July.
8. They will have been living in Paris _______ five years.
9. You _________using my computer for five months.
10. We _________have been waiting for you ______ a long time
11. The man ________have been working here for 20 years.
12. The pupils _________ standing here at the bus stop _____1 PM.
13. Ben will not _____ going to learn English ______ years.
Do as Directed! (Test)
1. He tells a lie. ( change in to present continuous)
2. She is cooking food. (change into present indefinite)
3. They have received my letter. ( change in to past indefinite)
4. I did not call him. (change into present indefinite tense)
5. Ali ordered a cake. ( change in to future indefinite)
6. We are asking same question. ( change into future continuous)
7. I do not trust any one. ( change in to past indefinite)
8. She does not irritate us. (change into past indefinite)
9. The will be standing over there. ( change in to past perfect)
10. Mehak will have completed her task. (change in to present indefinite)
11. Sahra has not driven the car. (change in to past indefinite)
12. I gave her a pen. ( change in to present perfect)
13. I was not attending the class. ( change in to past perfect)
14. I am going to Sheikh Tuition centre. ( change in to Future perfect)
Do as Directed! (Test)
1. She believes him. ( change in to past perfect)
2. I have planned for bright future. ( change in to past continuous)
3. I do not follow the rules. ( change in to present perfect)
4. They will be teaching. ( change in to present continuous)
5. They have record all their assets. ( change in to past indefinite)
6. She will catch the ball. ( change in to future Perfect)
7. Gardener was looking after the garden. ( change in to future perfect)
8. Pakistan is winning team. (change in to past perfect)
9. She is not studying in class IX. ( change in to past indefinite)
10. They tried to give all information. ( change in to past perfect)
11. I am not attending class. ( change in to past continuous)
12. Had we learnt any lesson? ( change in to past indefinite)
13. Will you be repeating this chapter. ( change in to past continuous)
14. Have they copied all material. ( change in to present perfect)
Do as Directed!
15. He tells a lie. ( change in to present continuous)
16. She is cooking food. (change into present indefinite)
17. They have received my letter. ( change in to past indefinite)
18. I did not call him. (change into present indefinite tense)
19. Ali ordered a cake. ( change in to future indefinite)
20. We are asking same question. ( change into future continuous)
21. I do not trust any one. ( change in to past indefinite)
22. She does not irritate us. (change into past indefinite)
23. The will be standing over there. ( change in to past perfect)
24. Mehak will have completed her task. (change in to present indefinite)
25. Sahra has not driven the car. (change in to past indefinite)
26. I gave her a pen. ( change in to present perfect)
27. I was not attending the class. ( change in to past perfect)
28. I am going to Sheikh Tuition centre. ( change in to Future perfect)
PASSIVE VOICE
Passive Voice
Passive voice is used when the subject is the recipient of the action.

Example:
The ball was thrown by Lebron.
The basket was shot by Lebron.
The score was made by Lebron.
Indefinite Tense
Passive Voice
 PRESENT INDEFINITE (Passive Voice)
Identification: Sentence in Present Indefinite
Form of Verb: 3rd form of Verb is used
Structure:
• Object + H.V (is , am , are) +V3rd form + by + Subject (Affirmative)

• Object + H.V (is, am , are)+not + V3rd form + by+ Subject (Negative)

Is : He, She , it or any Am: I

Are: We, You , They or Any Plural Name
Singular Name (Ali, Hasan, (Subhan and Adnan Ali and Zahid etc)
Binish etc)

• H.V (is, am , are) + Object + V3rd form + by + sub? (Interrogative)

 Sentences: Passive Voice
He drinks tea at breakfast. (Change the voice)

Tea is drunk by him at breakfast.

Tea is not drunk by him at breakfast.
Is tea drunk by him at break fast?

We catch the bus every morning. (Change the voice)

The bus is caught by us every morning.

The bus is not caught by us every morning.
Is bus caught by us every morning?

They implement rules.(Change the voice)

Rules are implemented by them.
Rules are not implemented by them.
Are rules implemented by them?
 Sentences (Change the voice) Passive Voice
1. I write a letter
2. He cooks Food
3. They Play football
4. She makes cake
5. He learns English
6. They start Generator
7. She makes changes
8. I repair L.C.D
9. I make Tutorials
10.They implement rules
11.We take medicine
12.She understands the World
13.We build buildings
14.Heart pumps blood
15.He earns money
16.He recites Holy Book
17.It installs windows
Answers Sentences (Change the voice) Passive Voice
1. A letter is written by me
2. Food is cooked by him
3. Football is played by them
4. Cake is made by her
5. English is learnt by him
6. Generator is started by them
7. Changes are made by her
8. L.C.D is repaired by me
9. Tutorials are made by me
10.Rules are implemented by them
11.Medicine is taken by us
12.The World is understood by her
13.Buildings are built by us
14.Blood is pumped
15.Money is earned
16.Holy Book is recited
17.Windows are installed
 PAST INDEFINITE (Passive Voice)
Identification: Sentence in Past Indefinite
Form of Verb: 3rd form of Verb is used
Structure:
• Object + H.V (Was , Were) +V3rd form + by + Subject (Affirmative)

• Object + H.V (Was , Were) + not + V3rd form + by+ Subject (Negative)

Was : I, He, She , it or any Were: We, You , They or Any Plural Name
(Subhan and Adnan Ali and Zahid etc)
Singular Name (Ali, Hasan,
Binish etc)

• H.V (Was , Were) + Object + V3rd form + by + Subject? (Interrogative)

 Sentences: Passive Voice
1.He wrote a letter.
A letter was written by him.
A letter was not written by him.
Was a letter written by him?

2. They knew it.

It was known to them.
It was not known to them.
Was it known to them.

3. She sang a song.

A song was sung by her.
A song was not sung by her
A song was sung by her
 Passive Voice
Let’s do some Practice! (Change the voice)
1. Why did he punish you?
Whom did you laugh at?
2. She sang a song. -
3. Somebody hit me. -
4. We stopped the bus. -
5. A thief stole my car. -
6. They didn't go to garden. -
7. She didn't win the prize. -
8. They didn't make their beds. -
9. I did not tell them.
 Fill in the Blanks: Passive Voice
1.How many _______newspapers(print) in Britain every day?
2.Who______(this play / write) by?
3.German_______(speak) in Germany, Austria, and part of Switzerland.
4.The royal wedding________(watch) by millions of people in 2011.
5.Nowadays, a lot of computers________(make) in Korea.
6.The Harry Potter films_________(not direct) by Steven Spielberg.
7.How much______(paper / recycle) in Poland each year?
8.In the UK, alcohol________(not sell)to anyone under 18. It's against the law.
 Fill in the Blanks(Answers) Passive Voice
1.How many are printed newspapers(print) in Britain every day?
2.Who was this play written (this play / write) by?
3.German is spoken (speak) in Germany, Austria, and part of Switzerland.
4.The royal wedding was watched (watch) by millions of people in 2011.
5.Nowadays, a lot of computers are made (make) in Korea.
6.The Harry Potter films weren't directed (not direct) by Steven Spielberg.
7.How much paper is recycled (paper / recycle) in Poland each year?
8.In the UK, alcohol isn't sold (not sell)to anyone under 18. It's against the law.
 FUTURE INDEFINITE (Passive Voice)
Identification: Sentence in Future Indefinite
Form of Verb: 3rd form of Verb is used
Structure:
• Object + H.V (Will be) +V3rd form + by + Subject (Affirmative)

• Object + H.V (Will) + not + be + V3rd form + by+ Subject (Negative)

• H.V (Will) + Object + be + V3rd form + by + Subject? (Interrogative)

 Sentences: (Passive Voice)
Jane will buy a new computer.
A new computer will be bought by Jane.
A new computer will not be bought by Jane.
Will a new computer be bought by Jane?

Our boss will sign the contract.

The Contract will be signed by Our boss
The Contract will not be signed by Our boss
Will the Contract be signed by Our boss?

They will show the new film.

The New film will be shown by them.
The New film will not be shown by them.
Will The New film be shown by them?
 Passive Voice
Let’s do some Practice! (Change the voice)
1. He will cook french fries
2. We will select players
3. We will paint homes
4. They Will fight with enemies
5. She Will call them
6. She Will use make-up.
7. We Will go to take him
8. They Will buy Milk
9. He will cook briyani
Continuous Tense
Passive Voice
 PRESENT CONTINUOUS (Passive Voice)
Form of Verb: 3rd form of Verb is used
Structure:
• Object + H.V (is , am , are) + being +V3rd form + by + Subject (Affirmative)

• Object + H.V (is, am , are) + not + being + V3rd form+ by + Subject (Negative)

Is : He, She , it or any Am: I

Are: We, You , They or Any Plural Name
Singular Name (Ali, Hasan, (Subhan and Adnan Ali and Zahid etc)
Binish etc)

• H.V (is, am , are) + Object + being+ V3rd form + by + Sub? (Interrogative)

 PAST CONTINUOUS (Passive Voice)
Form of Verb: 3rd form of Verb is used
Structure:
• Object + H.V (Was,Were) + being +V3rd form + by + Subject
(Affirmative)

• Object + H.V (Was,Were) + not + being + V3rd form + Subject

(Negative)

• H.V (Was,Were) + Object + being+ V3rd form + by + Sub?

(Interrogative)
 FUTURE CONTINUOUS (Passive Voice)

Form of Verb: 3rd form of Verb is used

Structure:
• Object + H.V (WILL) + being +V3rd form + by + Subject (Affirmative)

• Object + H.V (WILL) + not + being + V3rd form +by + Subject

(Negative)

• H.V (WILL) + Object + being+ V3rd form + by + Sub? (Interrogative)

 Sentences: Passive Voice
.

1.Are the masons building a house?

2.The children were laughing at the old beggar.
3.I will be waiting for him.
4.I was writing a letter
5.He was cooking Food
6.They were Playing football
7.She will be making cake
Answers: Passive Voice
1. Is a house being built by the masons?
2. By whom are you being waited for?
3. Who is being waited for by you?
4. Why are his lessons not being learnt by him?
5. By whose father are you being helped?
6. The old beggar is being laughed at by the
children.
7. He is being waited for by me.
Perfect Tense
Passive Voice
 PRESENT PERFECT (Passive Voice)
Form of Verb: 3rd form of Verb is used
Structure:
• Object + H.V (Has/ Have) + been +V3rd form + by + Subject (Aff)

• Object + H.V (Has/ Have) + not + been + V3rd form + by + Subject

(Negative)

• H.V (Has/Have) + Object + been+ V3rd form + by + Sub? (Interrogative)

 PAST PERFECT (Passive Voice)
Form of Verb: 3rd form of Verb is used
Structure:
• Object + H.V (Had) + been +V3rd form + by + Subject (Affirmative)

• Object + H.V (Had) + not + been + V3rd form + by + Sub (Negative)

• H.V (Had) + Object + been + V3rd form + by + Sub? (Interrogative)

 FUTURE PERFECT (Passive Voice)
Form of Verb: 3rd form of Verb is used
Structure:
• Object + H.V (Will Have) + been +V3rd form + by + Subject (Aff)

• Object + H.V (Will) + not + have been + V3rd form + by + Sub (Neg)

• H.V (Will) + Object + have been + V3rd form + by + Sub? (Intero)

 Sentences:( Passive Voice)
.
1. He has listened Songs
2. Have we performed prayer?
3. Had they bought Laptops?
4. They will have caught Fishes
5. They have loved Bodybuilding
6. She will have run Free Service
7. They have published my Designs
8. He had started a new Business
9. He had ruled the country
10.They have shown aero planes
11.She will have stolen Petrol
12.Brain has controlled our body
13.Heart has pumped blood
Imperative Sentences
Passive Voice
IMPERATIVE SENTENCES (Passive Voice)
Form of Verb: 3rd form of Verb is used
Structure:
• Let + obj + be + V 3rd Form (Simple Sentences)

• Let + obj + not + be + V 3rd form

Articles
Prepositions
Parts of Speech
 8 PARTS OF SPEECH
1) Noun
2) Pronoun
3) Verb
4) Adjective
5) Adverb
6) Preposition
7) Conjunction
8) Interjection
 NOUN
• Definition:
– A person, place, thing,
or idea

• Examples:
– cat
– fireman
– house
– pencil
– Chicago
 PRONOUN
• Definition:
– a word used in place of
a noun
• Examples:
– he
– she
– it
– they
– You
– we
 VERB
• Definition:
– a word that tells
what someone or
something does
– an action word or
word of being

• Examples:
– sit
– laugh
– run
– jump
 ADJECTIVE
• Definition:
– a word used to
modify (describe)
a noun

• Examples:
– happy - short
– sad - tall
– red - fat
– green - hairy
 ADVERB
• Definition:
– Can be added to a verb to modify its
meaning; can also modify adjectives
and other adverbs
– Tells you when, where, how, in what
manner or to what extent an action is
performed
– Many end in “ly” , but not always!

• Examples:
– cheerfully
– briskly
– wickedly
– Delicately
– fast
– never
– now
 PREPOSITION
• Definition:
– a word placed BEFORE a noun or pronoun to show its
location or direction
– May also show a noun or pronoun’s relationship to
some other word in the sentence

• Examples:
– to
- at
– with
- for
– against
- across
– by
- in
– from
 CONJUNCTION
• Definition:
– a word used to connect
other words, phrases, and
clauses

• Examples:
– and
– but
– or
– because
 INTERJECTION
• Definition:
– a word that expresses strong
or sudden emotion
– Used as an exclamation (!) by
itself or with a comma
following it if used at the
beginning of a sentence
– capable of standing by itself
• Examples:
– Oh dear!
– My goodness!
– Wow!
– Ouch!
– Yes,
– No,
 PARTS OF SPEECH PRACTICE
• Directions:
– Please identify the correct part of speech for each
word in the sentences on the following slides. Make
sure to write down the entire sentence and the correct
letter(s) neatly above each word.

N-Noun Adv-Adverb
P-Pronoun P-Preposition
V-Verb C-Conjunction
Adj-Adjective I-Interjection
 PRACTICE:
1. The little dog ran.

2. Oh! You scared me!

3. The snow fell softly.

4. The house was red and small.

5. Pat and Joe quickly raked the leaves.

6. With great joy, Mom and Dad welcomed the new
baby.

7. The boys fished in the gurgling stream.

8. Mary finished her reading assignment.

9. The earth travels around the sun.

10. Math or English is my favorite subject.