Basic Calculus Q4 W5

Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION V – Bicol
Schools Division Office of Iriga City
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

FOURTH QUARTER, WEEK 5
Name of Learner: __________________________________________________________

Learning Area: BASIC CALCULUS
Date Accomplished: _________________________________
SITUATIONAL PROBLEMS INVOLVING GROWTH AND DECAY
I. Introductory Concept
When studying a real-world problem, the ability to recognize the type of mathematical
situation it may adhere to is an advantage. It is an added advantage if the problem
describes certain patterns with already known solution approaches. Such is the case for
the so-called exponential., bounded and logistic growth. This learning activity focuses on
situations falling under those categories, where growth (or decay) is expressed as a rate
of change.
II. Learning Skills from the MELCs

At the end of the lesson, you are expected to solve situational problems involving
growth and decay.
III. Activities
GENERAL DIRECTIONS: Refer to the attachments to answer the activities. Read each
problem carefully and answer them systematically. Write your solutions in a separate sheet
of paper.
Activity 1: Exponential Growth and Decay
Solve the following.

1. The number of bacteria in a culture is increasing according to the law of exponential
growth. There are 125 bacteria in the culture after 2 hours and 350 bacteria after 4
hours. Find the initial population.
2. Suppose an experimental population of fruit flies increases according to the law of
exponential growth. There were 100 flies after the second day of the experiment and
300 flies after the fourth day. Approximately how many flies how many flies were in
the original population?
3. Suppose substance Q has a half-life of 20 years. If in 2015, 100g of Q was at hand,
how much will be at hand in 2055?
4. Suppose that 10 grams of the plutonium isotope 239Pu was released in the Chernobyl
nuclear accident. How long will it take for the 10 grams to decay to 1 gram if its half-
life is 24, 100 years?
ACTIVITY 2: Bounded Growth

Solve the following problems.
1. As the biologist for a certain crocodile farm, you know that its carrying capacity is
20,000 crocodiles. You initially release 5000 crocodiles into the farm. After 6 weeks,
the crocodile population has increased to 7500. In how many weeks will the
population reach 10,000?
2. Let 𝑦 represent the temperature (in °𝐹) of an object in a room whose temperature is
kept at a constant 60°. If the object cools from 100° to 90° in 10 minutes, how much
longer will it take for its temperature to decrease to 80°?
3. A container of hot liquid is placed in a freezer that is kept at a constant temperature
of 20°𝐹. The initial temperature of the liquid is 160°𝐹. After 5 minutes, the liquid’s
temperature is 60°𝐹. How much longer will it take for its temperature to decrease to
30°𝐹.
ACTIVITY 3: Logistic Growth

Solve the following problems.
1. Biologists stocked a lake with 400 fish and estimated the carrying capacity to be
5500. The number of fish grew to 530 in the first year. How long will it take for the
population to increase to 2750?
2. Mark comes from an island-town of 1000 people. He goes to the mainland and there
he catch the COVID-19. A week after his return, 4 people are infected. How many will
be affected after another week?
IV. Rubrics for Scoring
Rubric for the Mathematical Solution

Point Descriptor
5 The problem is correctly modeled with exponential growth and
decay, appropriate mathematical concepts are used in the
solution, and the correct final answer is obtained.
4 The problem is correctly modeled with exponential growth and
decay, appropriate mathematical concepts are partially used in
the solution, and the correct final answer is obtained.
3 The problem is not properly modeled with exponential growth
and decay, other alternative mathematical concepts are used
in the solution, and the correct final answer is obtained.
2 The problem is not properly modeled with exponential growth
and decay, a solution is presented but the final answer is
incorrect.
V. Answer Key
Activity 1
1. Approximately 45
2. Approximately 33
3. 25 g
4. Approximately 80,059 years
Activity 2
1. 13.34 weeks
2. About 14.09 more minutes
3. About 5.53 more minutes
Activity 3
1. 8.29 years
2. 16
VI. References
1. Balmaceda, Jose Maria P., et.al. Teaching Guide for Senior High School Basic
Calculus. Commission on Higher Education, 2016.
2. Edwards, Bruce H., Larson, Ron. Calculus, 9th Edition. Brooks/Cole Cengage
Learning, 2010.
3. Estonanto, Aldrin John J. Simplified Calculus for Senior High School. Great
Books Trading, 2018.
Prepared by:
ERMA M. ORADA-BAGACINA
Teacher III, ZAHS
Reviewed by:
NOEL A. LOZANO
HT-III, Mathematics
Quality Assurer
LUDEVINA ESTER D. BOLANTE, Ed.D

Secondary School Principal II
Approved:
JINKY A. VILLAREAL
EPS-I, Mathematics
ATTACHMENT A
EXPONENTIAL GROWTH AND DECAY

In many applications, the rate of change of a variable 𝑦 is proportional to the value of
𝑦. If 𝑦 is a function of time 𝑡, the proportion can be written as follows.
Rate of change of 𝑦 is proportional to 𝑦.
𝑑𝑦
= 𝑘𝑦
𝑑𝑡
The general solution of this differential equation is given in the following theorem.
Theorem: Exponential Growth and Decay Model

If 𝑦 is a differentiable function of 𝑡 such that 𝑦 > 0 and 𝑦 ′ = 𝑘𝑦 for some constant 𝑘, then
𝑦 = 𝐶𝑒 𝑘𝑡 .
𝐶 is the initial value of 𝑦, and 𝑘 is the proportionality constant. Exponential growth
occurs when 𝑘 > 0, and exponential decay occurs when 𝑘 < 0.
We improve the equation 𝑦 = 𝐶𝑒 𝑘𝑡 by solving for 𝐶.To find a particular solution, the
value of 𝐶 must be determined. This can be done if the value of 𝑦 is given at a particular time
𝑡. For instance, if at 𝑡 = 0, we know that 𝑦 = 𝑦0 , then
𝑦0 = 𝐶 ⋅ 𝑒 𝑘⋅0
= 𝐶 ⋅ 𝑒0
=𝐶
𝑘𝑡
This makes 𝑦 = 𝑦0 𝑒 .
EXAMPLE 1. Suppose that a colony of lice grows exponentially. After 1 day, 50 lice are
counted. After 3 days, 200 were counted. How many are there originally? What is the
exponential growth equation for the colony?
Now, let us take a decay problem.
Radioactive decay is measured in terms of half-life – the number of years required for
half of the atoms in a sample of radioactive material to decay. The rate of decay is proportional
to the amount present.
EXAMPLE 2: The rate of decay of radium is said to be proportional to the amount of the
radium present. If the half-life or radium is 1690 years and there are 200 grams on hand
now, how much radium will be present in 845 years?
ATTACHMENT B
BOUNDED GROWTH
ATTACHMENT C
LOGISTIC GROWTH

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Republic of the Philippines

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Name of Learner: __________________________________________________________

SITUATIONAL PROBLEMS INVOLVING GROWTH AND DECAY

II. Learning Skills from the MELCs

Activity 1: Exponential Growth and Decay

Solve the following.

ACTIVITY 2: Bounded Growth

ACTIVITY 3: Logistic Growth

IV. Rubrics for Scoring

Rubric for the Mathematical Solution

LUDEVINA ESTER D. BOLANTE, Ed.D

EXPONENTIAL GROWTH AND DECAY

Rate of change of 𝑦 is proportional to 𝑦.

Theorem: Exponential Growth and Decay Model

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