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Practice With Outlining

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shashal distauns
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326 views2 pages

Practice With Outlining

Uploaded by

shashal distauns
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Activity: Practice with Outlining

Direction: Read each paragraph. Then fill in the blanks in the outlines that
follow.

1. What makes an effective leader? To be sure, no one characteristic or


trait defines an effective leader. It is true, however, that effective
leaders get the most out of employees or group members by holding
them to very high standards or expectations. Setting high standards
increases productivity because people tend to live up to the
expectations set for them by superiors. This is an example of the
Pygmalion effect, which works in a subtle, often unconscious way.
When a managerial leader believes that a group member will
succeed, the manager communicates this belief without realizing that
he or she is doing so. Conversely, when a leader expects a group
member to fail, that person will not usually disappoint the manager.
The manager’s expectation of success or failure becomes a self-
fulfilling prophecy. Thus it pays for a manager to expect the best from
employees. (Adapted from Andrew J. DuBrin, Leadership 4/e ©
Cengage Learning)

Main Idea: Effective leaders encourage a high level of performance by


expecting the best from their employees.

Support

1. People are likely to live up to a manager or superior expectations.

2. Called the “Pygmalion effect” i.e. expect the best and you will get it.

3.

a. leader who expects the best gets high achievement


b. leader who doesn’t expect much gets low achievement
c.
d. pays for leaders to expect the best

2. We do not think enough about thinking, and much of our confusion is


the result of current illusions about it. Let us forget for the moment
any impression we may have derived from the philosophers, and see
what seems to happen in ourselves. The first thing that we notice is
that our thought moves with such incredible rapidity that is almost
impossible to arrest any specimen of it long enough to have a look at
it. When we are offered a penny for our thoughts, we also find out
that we have recently had so many things in our mind that we can
easily make a selection, which will not compromise us too nakedly.
On inspection, we shall find that even if we are not downright
ashamed of a great part of our spontaneous thinking it is far too
intimate, personal, ignoble or trivial to permit us to reveal more than
small part of it. I believe this must be true to everyone. We do know
what goes on in other people’s heads. They tell us very little, and we
tell them very little. The spigot of speech, rarely fully opened, could
never emit more than driblets of the ever-renewed hogshead of
thought- noch grösser wie’s Heidelberger Fass. We find it hard to
believe that other people’s thoughts are as silly as our own, but they
probably are.
(For this part, make an outline on your own. Remember to follow the
formats given yesterday)

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