WAZIRI UMARU FEDERAL POLYTECHNICS

BIRNIN KEBBI

PROJECT PROPOSAL

ON

DEVELOPMENT OF ONLINE COMPUTER BASED

TEST APPLICATION
(A case study of Wufpoly computer
department)

BY

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HCS/20/0

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 TABLE OF CONTENT

 TITLE PAGE

 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

 INTRODUCTION

 PROBLEMS STATEMENT

 OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE

 LITERATURE REVIEW

 METHODLOGY

 EXPECTED RESULT

 PROJECT PLAN

 CONCLUSION

 REFERENCES

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 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Technology has support online examinations successfully for a number

of years, and has progressively enhanced the online examination
process over the years. However, some schools particularly public
tertiary institutions in developing countries are still involved in the
conventional manual system of writing examination. This manual
system of writing examination has a lot of demerits. The manual
process of taking examinations is not only time-consuming and tedious,
but cumbersome, hence the need for a better, faster and more reliable
means of examining students. The objective of this paper is to provide a
report on the implementation of a web-based examination system. The
implemented system was modeled using Unified Modeling Language
(UML) diagrams such as Use Case diagram, Sequence diagram and
Activity diagrams. The system was developed using Hypertext Markup
Language (HTML), and CSS and PHP as front end, Internet Information
Services (IIS) as middle ware and Microsoft SQL Server as database.
With the online examination system, the process of conducting
examinations and processing results is made ease. More so, there is a
reasonable level of security and integrity on the conduct of
examination. 

 INTRODUCTION

Automated Computer Based Test Application is a web based

application that establishes a network between an institution and
candidates or students. Institutes enter on to the site and input
questions they want in the examination, these questions are displayed
as a test to the eligible students. The answers entered by the students
are then evaluated and their score is calculated and saved. This score
then can be accessed by the institutes to determine the number of
students that passed the examination and evaluate their performance.

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Automated Computer Based Test Application s are conducted through
the internet or in an intranet if within the Organization to test a
remote candidate. A candidate is given a limited time to answer the
questions and after the time expired the answer paper is disabled
automatically and answers is sent to the examiner.

In the past years, ability test were used in admitting students into
secondary and technical schools. For instance, the common entrance
examination and aptitude test which measures both aptitude,
intelligence and achievement. The aptitude test measure accomplished
skills and indelicate what a person can do at present. But the
essential requirements for any test include reliability, validity and
uniform testing procedure. The test which measure general
intelligence ability are often called “INTELLIGENCE TEST”.Intelligence
test’s are usually designed and implemented for a group of candidates
to access the nature and course of mental development, intellectual
associated with age, sex and facial membership, differences that might
be attributed to hereditary or to environmental factors, differences
among persons at different occupational level and among their
children. Intellectual and other traits of a typical group such as the
mentally gifted, the mentally retarded, the nautical and the psychotic.
An entrance examination is an examination that many educational
institutions use to select students for admission. These exams may be
administered at any level of education, from primary to higher
education, although they are more common at higher levels. Online
entrance examination systems are very convenient and fast. Online
entrance examination system has three purposes.
1. To allow entrance examination takers at different places to take the
examination at the same time through the online entrance
examination website.

2. Through careful planning and proper coding, enable entrance

examination, result checking and admission status on the websites.

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3. To integrate database with the program allowing administrator
easily addition of question and creation of entrance examination.

 PROBLEMS STATEMENT

 Due to the manual examination process, every semester result is

always delayed towards the next semester examination. This manual
process of conducting examinations has led to some problems in
Yabatech. These includes the following:
 Delay in releasing of result.
 Examination malpractice.
 Changing of result.
 Students meeting lecturer for help.
 Insufficient question paper and answer sheet in the examination
hall.

 OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE

The prime aim of this topic “Automated Computer Based Test

Application ” is to enhance the use and process of the test of
intelligence and Intelligence Quotient (IQ) in individuals.

Bellow are the objective of this system:

 To save the time of examination section and minimize the use of

manpower.
 To store the logs of candidates and their marks and backup for
future use.
 To reduce paper work.
 To conduct examination in an efficient manner and reduce the
tedious paper work.
 To generate various reports almost instantly when and where
required
 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

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The purpose of this system is to eradicate the manual operation and
to reduce the costs associated with conducting examination in tertiary
institution, and to achieve total automation of examination process, to
provide online facility examination for students.
Due to the inconsistency which have persisted in entrance
examination system through the university administration system and
neighboring institutions
The justification for this work is as follows:
 To do away with manual method of paper and pen for entrance
examination which have posed serious threat to the standard of
student ability during exams.

 The manual method could not handle the problem of sorting,and

exam malpractice during exams as result an efficient method has
to be put in place to eradicate the possibility of occurrence. An
―on-line entrance examination system‖.

 To reduce the fears of student thinking they where mark down

during the entrance exams.

 To save cost of constant purchase of answer booklets and also

save time and human labor of strolling round the exams to
checking for student irregular act in the exam hall, malpractices
etc.

 LITERATURE REVIEW

Several researches have been directed towards the development of a

fast an efficient way of writing exams without laxity. Some of the
research carried out and the views of several writers concerning the
development of an online entrance examination or other related
software technology are as follows
Online instruction seems to be the ideal answer for busy individuals
with a job who need more education in order to advance or just keep

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pace professionally (Holt, 2018; Macht, 2019) this is simply referring
to a way of keeping learning to far individuals who which to study
close . A report by a faculty group at the University of Illinois,
however, has found many on campus students take many if not all of
their classes online (Regalbuto, 2018).a basic concept of online
entrance is facilitated around the online learning which also a very
important factor.
As distance and Web-based learning becomes more popular and more
accessible, high school, college and graduate courses are being offered
via the Web as part of complete diploma and degree programs by more
and more institutions.As a result student who which to gain entrance
to higher institution can also write their entrance exams online.
Vetter, (2017) used an InfoSeek search with the term ―online
courses,‖ it returned 3.5 million hits. Corporations have found online
learning to be a more economical alternative than the typical
corporate training session (Himmelberg, 2019). However, little
research has 130 been done to understand some of the ramifications
of this fast growing phenomena (Grossman, 2018).Different professors‘
classes could have different class population characteristics, and
could give those professors different impressions and opinions of
issues confronting online instruction. In the future, as online
education becomes more pervasive, the characteristics of the online
student could change, and so too, the problems of online education.
Student Evaluation Practices Student evaluation strategies used by
instructors not only serve to motivate, but to help students select
strategies to organize their learning (Davis, 2018; Wakeford, 2018).
Decisions by instructors of which evaluation methods to use, serve as
a hidden code to students directing them to the skills and behaviors
that are important for them to succeed (Crooks, 2018 ; Science
Education, 2017 ). Many students tend to invest their Time as
economically as possible, by studying only those aspects of a course
that they expect will affect their grade (Science Education, 2017 ).
―The learning strategies students adopt are powerful predictors of

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educational outcomes, so that expertise in the selection and
application of learning strategies is an important educational
outcome‖ (Crooks, 2018 , p 441) These evaluation cues are sometimes
not obvious to the instructor (Tang, 2019 ).Crooks (2018 ) cited a
study of the curriculum at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
by Snyder in 2018. Here the formal curriculum described an approach
131characterized by problem solving, and creativity, however, the
evaluation procedures, which he called the ―hidden curriculum ‖, were
oriented towards surface learning. Fuhrman (2019 ) listed the
importance of various data sources in assigning grades. This was
gathered from a study of 700 faculty members at a major state
university. Table 1 Importance of various data sources in assigning
grades Source: (Fuhrman & Grasha, 2019 , p 168) two studies explore
how assessment is accomplished in a distance learning environment.
One study by the National Center for Education Statistics (Lewis et
al., 2017 ) found that 98% of all institutions use entrance
examinationing for their credit-bearing distance learning classes. One
third of the classes used proctored group exams at remote sites, while
another third gave proctored exams on campus. About 15% of the
instructors sent The students their exams by mail or fax (so the
students could take the entrance examination independently). About
8% take interactive entrance examinations at remote sites using A
second study by Dirks (2019 ), where 20% of the distance classes were
Delivered by the Internet, found that the larger the class size, the
more likely that exams would be used to determine more than half the
grade.Many evaluation situations are focused towards a specific type
of learning outcome by the nature of their logistics.
2017 ).Many of these entrance examinations contains objective items,
which are difficult to design, as a tool to assess higher order thinking
skills (Travis, 2020 ). Garfield (2014 ) notes that entrance examination
items usually evaluate skills in isolation and very rarely integrate
them in a real world context (Garfield, 2014 ).

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 Maturity. Many studies concluded that there is more cheating in
high school Than in college (Davis, Grover, Becker, & McGregor, 2015
; Sierles, Kushner, & Krause, 2018 ). The frequency of cheating then
decreases again from college to graduate school. Many reports have
noted the relation of maturity with increased honesty (Allen et al.,
2019 ; Haines et al., 2016; McCabe & Trevino, 2017 ; Newstead et al.,
2020 ).Others found that other components of maturity besides age,
such as marital status and financial independence from their parents,
are related to greater academic integrity (Aiken, 2018; Diekhoff et al.,
2020 ; Genereux & McLeod, 2015). Academic Achievement. McCabe
and Trevino(2017 ) had found that students with a lower GPA cheat
more than students with a higher GPA. With an experimental study
(not by self-reports) Nowell and Laufer (2017 ), found that the
student‘s grade in a particular class was negatively correlated with
their likelihood of cheating. Houston and Ziff (2018) found that
students may be more likely to cheat after a success, and suggest that
a failure after a success would be unbearable, while failure after a first
failure is understandable.Peer approval or disapproval of cheating.
Bowers (1964) studies have shown that peer approval or disapproval
is likely to determine one‘s cheating behavior in college. The McCabe
and Trevino study (2017 ) revealed this factor was the most influential
in determining if a student would cheat; it accounted for 27% of the
variance.Situational Aspects of Why Students Cheat Some reports
conclude that demographic studies have not yielded a convincing and
consistent picture of who cheats. There are consistent situational or
environmental characteristics of situations where students cheat
(Leming, 2017; Maramark & Maline, 2016 ).
In surveying the literature on implementing online instruction,
not one of the reports recommended unsupervised online entrance
examinationing. Many distance learning divisions, including those at
Tallahassee Community College and Northern Virginia Community
154 College, require students to take at least one proctored exam
during the term (Hayes, 2017 ; Northern Virginia Community College,

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2019 ; Serwatka, 2018).Proctored exams are strongly recommended
by Gray (2019 ). She also recommends that photos be collected from
students as they register so that the proctor can verify their
identity.Using projects and other papers. Many of the instructors of
these courses must administer entrance examinations with no
security except the students‘ word. Many professors, therefore, rely on
papers and projects that require creative thought (Dirks, 2019 ;
Kearsley, Lynch,& Wizer, 2015; Zhang, 2019 ). Students can purchase
a paper to fit their needs on the Web, so the assigned topics must be
well designed (Kleiner & Lord,2018).Honor code. In a traditional
campus community, cheating is kept somewhat in check by the
campus culture where there is a strong commitment to the
educational process, and a code of ethics that opposes cheating (Davis
et al., 2015 ; Roth & McCabe,
2015). McCabe and Trevino (2018) suggest that this sense of
community membership would be difficult to develop in a larger
school where there are many commuter and part-time students.

 METHODLOGY

The Waterfall Model System Development Life Cycle(WMSDLC) was

used in developing the system. This part of the study will unfold and
discuss the different phases the project will go through, how the
system will be conducted, regulated and developed.
 Figure 6. Waterfall Model System Development Life
Cycle(WMSDLC)

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 EXPECTED RESULT

In the online entrance examination system the verification process

helps recognize only registered student for the exam .in this form we
have required information to be entered to accomplish this process
such information include:
 Serial Pin Of The Scratch Card

 Users Name

 Password
This information is displayed on an object called label while the input
object for this feature is the textbox.
When a student logs in after the welcome page he/she is expected to
enter the users name and password and serial number of the scratch
card he/she bought. When this information are entered into the
required field the system connect to the database to verify this
acclaimed person and ensure that he has registered duly for the
exams if the verification process was successful the users would be
taken to next form if not a message will be displayed user not
recognized please enter your password and your serial pin again.

 PROJECT PLAN

S/N WORK DONE WEEK DEPENDECY

1 INTROUCTION 1 -

2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2 -

3 ANALYSIS AND DESIGN 3 1
4 PROGRAM TESTING 4 2

5 PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION 5 3,4

6 SUMMARY 6 5

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S/N WORK DONE W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6 W7

1 INTROUCTION

2 LITERATURE REVIEW

3 ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

4 PROGRAM TESTING

5  IMPLEMENTATION

6 SUMMARY

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CONCLUSION

The On line test System is developed using HTML and PHP fully meets
the objectives of the system for which it has been developed. The
system has reached a steady state where all bugs have been
eliminated. The system is operated at a high level of efficiency and all
the teachers and user associated with the system understands its
advantage. The system solves the problem. It was intended to solve as
requirement specification. bellow are some of the achievement for the
new system.{ Reduced entry work. Easy retrieval of
information ,Reduced errors due to human intervention,Portable and
flexible for further enhancement,Web enabled for fast finding of
information requested}

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 REFERENCES

Adejumo, G.O., Adeusi, S.O. and Olowookere,E.I.(2019). Psychological

Test Usage Among Secondary School Counsellors in Nigeria.

Abdullahi, O.E., (2021). Towards improving the Nigeria senior

secondary school students performance in the joint admissions
and matriculation board examinations (JAMB). J.Sociol. Educ.
Africa, Vol. 8.

Adedipe, V. O., 2021. “The adolescent problem behaviour (ii)”

Saturday Tribune, October14th.

Amahala, B. M. (2020). The Teacher in the Classroom. In Ukeje, B. O.

(Ed) Foundations of Education. Benin-City: Ethiope Publishing.
pp. 229-252.

Arinza, B. 2020. “A Contingency Model of DSS Development

Methodology’’. Journal of MIS. 15: 503-522.

Blustein, D. 2018. “A Context-Rich Perspective of Career Exploration

Across the Life Roles”. The Career Development Quarterly. 45:260-
274.

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