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    Basic Concepts of ER Model in DBMS

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    mulugeta
    The document discusses the basic concepts of the Entity-Relationship (ER) model in database management systems. The main concepts covered are: - Entities, entity sets, and attributes which define the characteristics of real-world objects stored in a database. - Different types of attributes like simple, composite, derived, single-valued, and multi-valued attributes. - Keys like super keys, candidate keys, and primary keys that uniquely identify entities. - Relationships between entities and how they can be binary (2 entities), ternary (3 entities), etc. based on the number of entities involved. The example of a school management system is used to demonstrate how students, teachers,

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    Basic Concepts of ER Model in DBMS

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    mulugeta
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    The document discusses the basic concepts of the Entity-Relationship (ER) model in database management systems. The main concepts covered are: - Entities, entity sets, and attributes which define the characteristics of real-world objects stored in a database. - Different types of attributes like simple, composite, derived, single-valued, and multi-valued attributes. - Keys like super keys, candidate keys, and primary keys that uniquely identify entities. - Relationships between entities and how they can be binary (2 entities), ternary (3 entities), etc. based on the number of entities involved. The example of a school management system is used to demonstrate how students, teachers,

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    Basic Concepts of ER Model in DBMS

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    The document discusses the basic concepts of the Entity-Relationship (ER) model in database management systems. The main concepts covered are: - Entities, entity sets, and attributes which define the characteristics of real-world objects stored in a database. - Different types of attributes like simple, composite, derived, single-valued, and multi-valued attributes. - Keys like super keys, candidate keys, and primary keys that uniquely identify entities. - Relationships between entities and how they can be binary (2 entities), ternary (3 entities), etc. based on the number of entities involved. The example of a school management system is used to demonstrate how students, teachers,

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    61 views3 pages

    Basic Concepts of ER Model in DBMS

    Uploaded by

    mulugeta
    The document discusses the basic concepts of the Entity-Relationship (ER) model in database management systems. The main concepts covered are: - Entities, entity sets, and attributes which define the characteristics of real-world objects stored in a database. - Different types of attributes like simple, composite, derived, single-valued, and multi-valued attributes. - Keys like super keys, candidate keys, and primary keys that uniquely identify entities. - Relationships between entities and how they can be binary (2 entities), ternary (3 entities), etc. based on the number of entities involved. The example of a school management system is used to demonstrate how students, teachers,

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    Basic Concepts of ER Model in DBMS

    As we described in the tutorial Database models, Entity-relationship model is a model used for
    design and representation of relationships between data.

    The main data objects are termed as Entities, with their details defined as attributes, some of
    these attributes are important and are used to identify the entity, and different entities are related
    using relationships.

    In short, to understand about the ER Model, we must understand about:

    Entity and Entity Set

    What are Attributes?

    Types of Attributes.

    Keys

    Relationships

    Let's take an example to explain everything. For a School Management Software, we will have to
    store Student information, Teacher information, Classes, Subjects taught in each class etc.

    ER Model: Entity and Entity Set

    Considering the above example, Student is an entity, Teacher is an entity, similarly, Class, and
    Subject etc. are also entities.

    An Entity is generally a real-world object which has characteristics and holds relationships in a
    DBMS.

    If a Student is an Entity, then the complete dataset of all the students will be the Entity Set
    ER Model: Attributes

    If a Student is an Entity, then student's roll no., student's name, student's age, student's gender etc
    will be its attributes.

    An attribute can be of many types, here are different types of attributes defined in ER database
    model:

    Simple attribute: The attributes with values that are atomic and cannot be broken down further
    are simple attributes. For example, student's age.

    Composite attribute: A composite attribute is made up of more than one simple attribute. For
    example, student's address will contain, house no., street name, pincode etc.

    Derived attribute: These are the attributes which are not present in the whole database
    management system, but are derived using other attributes. For example, average age of students
    in a class.

    Single-valued attribute: As the name suggests, they have a single value.

    Multi-valued attribute: And, they can have multiple values.

    ER Model: Keys

    If the attribute roll no. can uniquely identify a student entity, amongst all the students, then the
    attribute roll no. will be said to be a key.

    Following are the types of Keys:

    Super Key

    Candidate Key

    Primary Key

    We have covered Keys in details here in Database Keys tutorial.


    ER Model: Relationships

    When an Entity is related to another Entity, they are said to have a relationship. For example, A
    Class Entity is related to Student entity, because students study in classes, hence this is a
    relationship.

    Depending upon the number of entities involved, a degree is assigned to relationships.

    For example, if 2 entities are involved, it is said to be Binary relationship, if 3 entities are
    involved, it is said to be Ternary relationship, and so on.

    In the next tutorial, we will learn how to create ER diagrams and design databases using ER
    diagrams.

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