IS236 Lecture 1
IS236 Lecture 1
IS236 Lecture 1
INTRODUCTION TO
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
AND DESIGN
Lecture by: Dr Salome Maro
8th Nov 2021
RECAP: LECTURE PLAN
Lecture Time : Every Monday 16:00 – 18:00
Plan:
Activity Time
Lecture 16:00 – 16:45
Break 16:45 – 17:00
Lecture 17:00 – 17:45
Q&A 17:45 – 18:00
LOGISTICS OF THE COURSE
Interruptions with questions and comments are welcome during the
lecture
Questions regarding the course or anything outside the topic of the day
should be reserved until the end of the lecture
The lecture applies a flipped classroom mode
I encourage everyone to participate fully in the lectures
TODAY’S CLASS
Information Systems and Examples
Major failures of famous systems
What is System Analysis?
Who is a System Analyst?
Software development lifecycle
WHAT IS A SYSTEM?
Derived from Greek word Systema, which means an
organized relationship between any set of components to
achieve some common cause or objective.
Many delivered information systems are under-used because they don’t meet user
needs and/or expectations
Results:
Project’s actual cost was $100 million (TZS 230 B)
Only saved half the expected amount
The company had to file for bankruptcy
Almost half of all errors in software (45%) are in requirements and design.
Systems analysis must ensure that the proposed information system meets user
needs, can be delivered on time, and can be updated inexpensively.
Remember, finding and fixing a fault after software delivery is 100x more
expensive than finding and fixing it during systems analysis or early design
phases
NOTATION, METHODOLOGIES AND TOOLS
• Notation: used to describe the information captured during different phases; notations
range from natural language, to diagrammatic notations (such as entity-relationship or
data flow diagrams), or formal languages, such as programming languages.
• Methodology: this determines the process whereby the software developer creates,
refines, analyzes and validates a software system; methodologies are often project- or
situation-specific.
• Tools: are software applications that support the creation, refinement, analysis and
validation of software (such as CASE tools).
As a user I want to be able to …
NOTATION
Notation: used to describe the
information captured during different
phases; notations range from natural
language, to diagrammatic notations
(such as entity-relationship or data
flow diagrams), or formal languages,
such as programming languages.
IF total_amount is
greater than 100,000
THEN apply 10%
discount
METHODOLOGY
Methodology: this determines the
process whereby the software
developer creates, refines, analyzes
and validates a software system;
methodologies are often project- or
situation-specific.
TOOLS
Tools: are software applications that support the
creation, refinement, analysis and validation of
software (such as CASE tools).
Ethical (fair,
honest,
Interpersonal Management maintain
confidentiality…
)
TYPES OF SYSTEM
ANALYSTS
Large organizations build project teams that incorporate
several analysts with different, but complementary, roles.
In smaller organizations, one person may play several of these
roles.
TYPES OF SYSTEM
ANALYSTS
System analyst
Business analyst
Requirements analyst
Infrastructure analyst
Change management analyst
Project manager
TYPES OF SYSTEM ANALYSTS –
LMS FORUM (DEADLINE 10TH NOV)
FORUM
AWARDS
First responders : Awarded to
first 3 respondents with
meaningful answers!
1. Edgar Nyandoro
2. Joseph Maziku
3. Michael Mushi
MORE BADGE AWARDS
Most replies to others posts (meaningful replies)
Examples of replies that are NOT meaningful: Yes, No, maybe, of course, great,
thanks…
Related to assignments:
Early submissions (Early bird badge) – 24 hours before deadline
Ontime submissions (Within 24 hours of the deadline)
More to come!
KEY IDEAS
Systems analyst is a key person
Implementatio
Analysis
n
Design
SDLC: PLANNING
1. Project Initiation
Develop a system request
Conduct a feasibility analysis
2. Project Management
Develop work plan
Staff the project
Control and direct the project
System Proposal
Analysis
System
Design
Specification
Implementati
Analysis
on
Design
QUESTIONS?
NEXT: SOFTWARE
DEVELOPMENT
METHODOLOGIES
To do, before the lecture:
Read Chapter 2 of the course book (Page 51 to 61)
Watch a video about a software development methodology
called Scrum