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Payroll Management System

Book · May 2017

DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14662860

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 PAYROLL MANAGEMENT
Payroll management system explain itself that it’s an accounting package that will provide a
financial solution for a particular organization or for a particular institutional body. This payroll
management helps accounts to maintain all records by using predefined rules set by the
organization working pattern.
Its admin module has been developed in such a pattern that allows to change the working rules any
time as per the business requirement. Its automatic rates and salary are fixed which saves
processing time for preparing final ledger. Admin will only have to fill the database with only
employee’s details and select their type of work and their post and final report will be prepared by
the generation module.
As codes has been developed by using the concepts of object-oriented programming so, coding
reusability can easily be achieved. Even if there will be changes to made in future, it can be
performed by the technical person within few seconds just by changing the working rules. All
working departments within the organization will share the common file to access the particular
data, so there is no chance of data redundancy and helping in maintaining data consistency.
Each working section can be done by selecting only options and its graphical user interface will
make the system unique as compared to other system.

5
 TABLE OF CONTENT

S.No. Content Page No.

I List of Figures 8
II List of Tables 9
1 OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT 10-13
1.1 Objective 11
1.2 Introduction 12
1.3 Problem of The Manual System 13
2 SYSTEM STUDY AND ANALYSIS 14-29
2.1 Introduction 15
2.2 Feasibility Study 16
 Technical Feasibility
 Operational Feasibility
 Economical Feasibility
 Legal Feasibility
 Schedule Feasibility
2.3 Other Feasibility Factors 18
 Market and Real Estate Feasibility
 Resource Feasibility
 Cultural Feasibility
 Financial Feasibility
2.4 Output 19
2.5 Hardware And Software Requirements 20
 Hardware Requirements
 Software Requirements
2.6 Problem of The Manual System 21
2.7 Solutions of The Problems Occurred in Manual
System 22
2.8 The New System 23
 Need
 Performance
 Efficiency
 Security
2.9 System Project Selection 24
2.10 Analysis of System 25
 System Analysis Phase
 Procedures in The Existing System
 System Requirement Analysis

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  Analysis in This Project
 Data collection
3 SYSTEM DESIGN 30-56
3.1 Introduction 31
 Logical Design
 Physical Design
 Design/Specification Activities
3.2 Input Design 33
3.3 Output Design 33
3.4 Design Methodology 34
3.5 Design Overview 34
 Flowchart
 Data Flow Diagrams
 ER Diagram
3.6 Interface 42
 Output Definition
 Input Definition
3.7 Database and File Design 52
 Database Design
 Program File Design
3.8 Software Description 53
 Coding Standards
4 SYSTEM TESTING AND
IMPLEMENTATIONS 57-64
4.1 Testing 58
4.2 Types Of Testing 58
 Unit Testing
 Integration Testing
 Validation Testing
 Recovery Testing
 Security Testing
 Stress Testing
 Black Box Testing
 Test Data Output
4.3 System Implementation Requirement 60
4.4 Maintenance Phase 61
4.5 Conclusion 62
4.6 Scope of Improvement 62
4.7 Scope of Future Application 63
4.8 User Manual 63

7
 REFERENCES
Source Code

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No. Description Page No.

1.1 Flowchart 35
1.2 Flowchart (Contd.) 36
2 Symbols Used In DFD 38
3 Data Flow Diagram for PMS 39
4 Symbols used in ER Diagram 40
5 ER Diagram for PMS 41

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 LIST OF TABLES

Table No. Description Page No.

1 Table of Content 6
2 List Of Figures 9
3 List of Tables 10
4 Database Design 52

9
OVERVIEW
OF THE
PROJECT
1.1 OBJECTIVE

Payroll management system explain itself that it’s an accounting package that will provide a
financial solutions for a particular organization or for a particular institutional body. This payroll
management helps accounts to maintain all records by using predefined rules set by the
organization working pattern.

Its admin module has been developed in such a pattern that allows to change the working rules any
time as per the business requirement. Its automatic rates and salary are fixed which saves
processing time for preparing final ledger. Admin will only have to fill the database with only
employee’s details and select their type of work and their post and final report will be prepared by
the generation module.

As codes has been developed by using the concepts of object oriented programming so, coding
reusability can easily be achieved. Even if there will be changes to made in future, it can be
performed by the technical person within few seconds just by changing the working rules. All
working departments within the organization will share the common file to access the particular
data, so there is no chance of data redundancy and helping in maintaining data consistency.

Each working section can be done by selecting only options and its graphical user interface will
make the system unique as compared to other system.

11
1.2 INTRODUCTION
Employee payroll Management is an application that a company maintains in order to give a modern
effective management for maintenance of records.

A computerization of company Maintenance is of great significance for making the cumbersome process
of employee payroll records maintenance as simple as possible using structured and modular design.

Due to spurting of many books the record maintenance of employee’s has grown considerably. Though the
whole work cannot be claimed to be project, the main purpose of this work is record maintenance and pay
slip generation.

This project helps to change all the manual information into computerization. In “PAYROLL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM,” a big number of registers are supposed to maintain. And staff will always
rely on the big manual register. But if the system is computerized then staff can easily handle the account
of each and every employee working in the company. Maintaining the records for longer period is very
difficult, space and time consuming.

Programmer should understand the working of the whole system before starting the project. If the working
is not clearly defined, then it may possible that the project produces the result not according to the
requirement of the user. So, it is important for creating a successfully and robust project that the problem
the user for which the project has to developed should be clearly defined to the programmer. After
identifying the need of the potential system, I have developed this project and it tries to accommodate all
the need of the existing system.

Company Management receives and maintains data of employee working. It produces payroll slips.

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1.3 PROBLEMS OF THE MANUAL SYSTEM

Problems of the manual system are mentioned below:

i. Preparation of employee details is very difficult and time consuming.

ii. Preparation of payment slips is very difficult and time consuming.

iii. Record keeping of employees detail for every month is very difficult

iv. Lot of paper work has to be done for maintaining the record files.

v. Storage is also a big problem.

vi. Security is also a very big problem of the manual system.

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 SYSTEM
STUDY AND
ANALYSIS
2.1 INTRODUCTION

System analysis is a process of gathering and interpreting facts, diagnosing problems and the
information to recommend improvements on the system. It is a problem solving activity that
requires intensive communication between the system users and system developers. System
analysis or study is an important phase of any system development process. The system is studied
to the minutest detail and analyzed. The system analyst plays the role of the interrogator and dwells
deep into the working of the present system. The system is viewed as a whole and the input to the
system are identified. The outputs from the organizations are traced to the various
processes. System analysis is concerned with becoming aware of the problem, identifying the
relevant and decisional variables, analyzing and synthesizing the various factors and determining
an optimal or at least a satisfactory solution or program of action.

A detailed study of the process must be made by various techniques like interviews, questionnaires
etc. The data collected by these sources must be scrutinized to arrive to a conclusion. The
conclusion is an understanding of how the system functions. This system is called the existing
system. Now the existing system is subjected to close study and problem areas are identified. The
designer now functions as a problem solver and tries to sort out the difficulties that the enterprise
faces. The solutions are given as proposals. The proposal is then weighed with the existing system
analytically and the best one is selected. The proposal is presented to the user for an endorsement
by the user. The proposal is reviewed on user request and suitable changes are made. This is loop
that ends as soon as the user is satisfied with proposal.

Preliminary study is the process of gathering and interpreting facts, using the information for
further studies on the system. Preliminary study is problem solving activity that requires intensive
communication between the system users and system developers. It does various feasibility
studies. In these studies a rough figure of the system activities can be obtained, from which the
decision about the strategies to be followed for effective system study and analysis can be taken.

Here in the project E-Ticketing, a detailed study of existing system is carried along with all the
steps in system analysis. An idea for creating a better project was carried and the next steps were
followed.

2.2 FEASIBILITY STUDY

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An important outcome of the preliminary investigation is the determination that the system
requested is feasible. Feasibility study is carried out to select the best system that meets the
performance requirements.

Feasibility study is both necessary and prudent to evaluate the feasibility of the project at the
earliest possible time. It involves preliminary investigation of the project and examines whether
the designed system will be useful to the organization. Months or years of effort, thousand for
millions of money and untold professional embarrassment can be averted if an in-conceived system
is recognized early in the definition phase.
Feasibility studies aim to objectively and rationally uncover the strengths and weaknesses of the
existing business or proposed venture, opportunities and threats as presented by the environment,
the resources required to carry through, and ultimately the prospects for success. In its simplest
terms, the two criteria to judge feasibility are cost required and value to be attained. As such, a
well-designed feasibility study should provide a historical background of the business or project,
description of the product or service, accounting statements, details of the operations and
management, marketing research and policies, financial data, legal requirements and tax
obligations.

Generally, feasibility studies precede technical development and project implementation.

The different types of feasibility are:

i. Technical feasibility

ii. Operational feasibility

iii. Economical feasibility

iv. Legal feasibility

v. Schedule feasibility

2.2.1 Technical feasibility

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Technical Feasibility deals with the hardware as well as software requirements. Technology is not
a constraint to type system development. We have to find out whether the necessary technology,
the proposed equipment’s have the capacity to hold the data, which is used in the project, should
be checked to carry out this technical feasibility.
The technical feasibility issues usually raised during the feasibility stage of investigation includes
these.

This software is running in windows 7 Operating System, which can be easily installed.
The hardware required is Pentium based server.
The system can be expanded.

2.2.2 Operational Feasibility

This feasibility test asks if the system will work when it is developed and installed.

Operational feasibility in this project:

 The proposed system offers greater level of user-friendliness.
 The proposed system produces best results and gives high performance.
 It can be implemented easily.
So this project is operationally feasible.

2.2.3 Economical feasibility

Economical Feasibility deals about the economical impact faced by the organization to implement
a new system. Financial benefits must equal or exceed the costs. The cost of conducting a full
system, including software and hardware cost for the class of application being considered should
be evaluated.

Economic Feasibility in this project:

 The cost to conduct a full system investigation is possible.
 There is no additional manpower requirement.
 There is no additional cost involved in maintaining the proposed system.

2.2.4 Legal feasibility

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Determines whether the proposed system conflicts with legal requirements, e.g. a data processing
system must comply with the local Data Protection Acts.

2.2.5 Schedule feasibility

A project will fail if it takes too long to be completed before it is useful. Typically this means
estimating how long the system will take to develop, and if it can be completed in a given time
period using some methods like payback period. Schedule feasibility is a measure of how
reasonable the project timetable is. Given our technical expertise, are the project deadlines
reasonable? Some projects are initiated with specific deadlines. You need to determine whether
the deadlines are mandatory or desirable.

2.3 OTHER FEASIBILITY FACTORS

2.3.1 Market and real estate feasibility

Market feasibility studies typically involve testing geographic locations for a real estate
development project, and usually involve parcels of real estate land. Developers often conduct
market studies to determine the best location within a jurisdiction, and to test alternative land
uses for given parcels. Jurisdictions often require developers to complete feasibility studies
before they will approve a permit application for retail, commercial, industrial, manufacturing,
housing, office or mixed-use project. Market Feasibility takes into account the importance of the
business in the selected area.

2.3.2 Resource feasibility

This involves questions such as how much time is available to build the new system, when it can
be built, whether it interferes with normal business operations, type and amount of resources
required, dependencies,

2.3.3 Cultural feasibility

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In this stage, the project's alternatives are evaluated for their impact on the local and
general culture. For example, environmental factors need to be considered and these factors are
to be well known. Further an enterprise's own culture can clash with the results of the project.

2.3.4 Financial feasibility

In case of a new project, financial viability can be judged on the following parameters:
Total estimated cost of the project
Financing of the project in terms of its capital structure, debt equity ratio and promoter's share of
total cost
Existing investment by the promoter in any other business
Projected cash flow and profitability

2.4 OUTPUT

The feasibility study outputs the feasibility study report, a report detailing the evaluation
criteria, the study findings, and the recommendations.

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2.5 HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIRMENT

2.5.1 Hardware Requirements

Hardware requirement are the basic need of the system or the package, which is been developed
and will be deployed upon the system, which should have these basic components or fulfill these
basic hardware needs of these package.

The following hardware is recommended for the user.

Processor Intel Pentium IV 2.4 GHZ or above

Clock speed 500 MHZ
RAM 32MB or above
System bus 32 bits
Monitor Color monitor
Hard disk 8 GB or above
CD Drive Any CD ROM
Input device Key board, Mouse

2.5.2 Software Specification

Operating System MS WINDOWS XP SP2

Front End Visual Studio 2012, ASP.Net
Back End SQL Server
Additional Software DOTNet framework 3.5

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2.6 PROBLEMS OF THE MANUAL SYSTEM

Problems of the manual system are mentioned below:

vii. Preparation of employee details is very difficult and time consuming.

viii. Preparation of payment slips is very difficult and time consuming.

ix. Record keeping of employees detail for every month is very difficult

x. Lot of paper work has to be done for maintaining the record files.

xi. Storage is also a big problem.

xii. Security is also a very big problem of the manual system.

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2.7 SOLUTIONS OF THE PROBLEMS OCCURRED IN MANUAL
SYSTEM

i. By the use of computers, preparation of employee details becomes easier and rapidly by making
some small programs.

ii. Payment slips generation can be done easily by computerized payroll management system. This
means that these calculations can be done automatically.

iii. Record keeping becomes very easy and time saving.

iv. Management information reports are created very easily by giving some instructions to the
computer.

v. There will be no need of paper work for maintaining the record files.

vi. Storage can be easily done through floppy disk & hard disk having large capacity.

vii. Important documents can be easily protected.

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2.8 THE NEW SYSTEM

2.8.1 Needs
In manual payroll records keeping, there are many paper works to do. The Manager is always
engaged in proper maintenance of register. It is very tedious as well as time-consuming work for
both the employee and company. For this he/she also requires staff to help and assists him in
performing his work.
It is very important for creating a successful and robust project that the problem or need of the user
for which the project has to develop should be clearly defined to the programmer. I, being the
system analyst, had already that all this hostel needs is one computer which help to get rid them of
all junk they are currently using in the company, for systematic storage records.

2.8.2 Performance
A computer works and thinks very much like the human brain and in a much more precise manner.
It computes data at the speed of light and can handle millions and millions of bits of information’s
in one go. If a system can be made to handle records on a computer, it will work at a very fast and
can be handle all the different queries, which might be asked by the user. This way, the entire
performance of the company can be increase as user sitting on the computer type in queries, and
get any information looking for in blind eyes. This saves them the entire hassle of finding one of
the hundred file cabinets, then opening it and searching for the record, which they might want. A
computer system can increase performance of the company.

2.8.3 Efficiency
When a person using the computer, pressed the enter key, a signal is sent to the processor which
is then processed and an output comes. If we could enter data, find data, modify data and a lot of
other activities at that kind of speed, it can only make work done much faster and at a very efficient
as compared to the cost of the system and the cost of 100 file cabinets. Computer, if applied for
the right use, are the most resourceful and proficient machines every created by man. We can get
rid of all the file works and all the data is saved into the computer.

2.8.4 Security
Security is also given a great important so that no unauthorized user can tamper the records of the
company. This makes, security a big part of the new system. Record can be changed only by the
authentication of user who is sitting in front of a system and who is dealing with all the transaction.

2.9 SYSTEM PROJECT SELECTION

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Every system project must at some stage have been the object of a selection process. The possible
sources for ideas for system projects.
A very common source for ideas for project is request or suggestions from departments within the
company. Sometimes a new technical development makes possible a new approach to a problem.
A major source of a system projects is the ideas from previous studies.
The criteria for selecting projects are: -

i. Potential return on investment.

ii. Management desire.

iii. Technical feasibility.

iv. Capacity of the system department to do the project.

v. Requirement for integration with other systems.

vi. Critical company need.

Sometimes the user may not be involved actively in this phase as the project may be assigned to him by the
organization.

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2.10 ANALYSIS OF SYSTEM

2.10.1 System Analysis Phase

Analysis can be referred to as study of a problem and its division into smaller modules so as to
solve the particular problem.
A complete understanding of software requirements is necessary to help the new software being
developed succeed. No matter how well designed or well coded, a poorly analyzed and specified
program will disappoint the user and will also be a burden to the developer.
At this stage comes Requirement Analysis that is a process of discovery, refinement, modeling
and specification. Models of the required data, information and control flow are created. It bridges
together the gap between system-level software allocation and software design.
The analysis phase defines the requirements of the system, independent of how these requirements
will be accomplished. This phase defines the problem that the customer is trying to solve. The
deliverable result at the end of the phase is the requirement document. Ideally, this documents
states in a clear and precise fashion what is to build. This analysis represents the “what” phase.
The requirement document tries to capture the requirement from the employee’s perspective by
defining goals and interactions at a level removed from the implementation details.
The analysis phase is a problem- solving phase. The problem is that in manual payroll record
keeping system, excessive staff employment is required, extremely time consuming process is
involved, inconveniences to both the employee and the company. So, while analyzing I found
many requirements expected from the system like: - to solve the time of both the company and the
employee, to perform automatic calculation of the pay, to maintain a proper pay slips of employee
record as well as billing of the company. To reduce the whole paper work without the help of the
computer is very tedious to maintain and keeping it update.
To minimize any type of inconveniences and to maximize employee oriented services, automatic
generation of the patient code and allotted the code to the employee. This will help to maintain to
keep the records for the longer period.
The requirement document may be expressed in formal language. Traditionally, the requirement
documents are written in English. The requirement document does not specify information at the
higher level of description. The problem statement, the employee’s expectation are examples of
high- level details. There is a fundamental conflict between high level and low level of details. The
requirement document states what the system should accomplish, independent of many of the
details.
The discovery process used in establishing the requirements during the analysis phase is best
described as a refinement process than as levels of detail process. Things might be expressed as
object in an object- based technology where data and algorithms are hidden behind hierarchical-
polymorphic methods. In general, the description of things in the system can be much more general
and not confined to a particular technology. In a more general sense, this document describes the

25
ontology that is the noun phrases and the verb phrases that will become the guidelines for defining
the application specific protocol.
The requirement descriptions of the things in the system and their actions do not imply an
architecture design rather a description of the artifacts of the system and how they behave, from
the employee’s perspective. Later, in the design phase, these requirement descriptions are mapped
into computer science based primitives, such as lists, stacks, trees, graphs, algorithms, and data
structures.
The description of the abstraction of the noun phrases and the verb phrases are not bound to the
use of the written human languages. Most written human language is too vague to capture the
precision necessary to build a system. Alternative description mechanisms based on mathematical
logic are sometimes more suitable but much more difficult to accomplish. Mathematical logic
provides a scientific foundation for precisely expression information. However, frequently in the
real world, a precise description is not attainable. Again the requirements documents should state
in a clear and precise fashion what is to build.
The definitive mechanism to author such a documents, either formally or informally, has yet to be
developed, although reasonable success has been achieved with existing methods including CASE
tools and tools based on mathematical logic.
Later, in the design phase, the very important decomposition of the program leads to the
development of the data structures and algorithms. A functional decomposition for a distributed
environments leads to a natural split of the data structures and algorithms. An object – based
decomposition leads to a natural joining of data structures and algorithms forming objects with
methods. The requirement documents should be independent of the decomposition technique. The
analysis team develops the requirement documents, which talk about things and action on things.
These documents should also included states events typical scenarios of usage.

2.10.2 Procedures In The Existing System

In the “PAYROLL” project, there are 3 classes such as

i. LINES

ii. MENU

iii. EMPLOYEE.

26
2.10.3 System Requirement Analysis Is Divided Into The Following Areas

i. Initial Investigation (Problem recognition)

The first step for the development of system is the need of a new system. This might be a user’s request to
change, improve or enhance an existing system. This step determines whether the request is valid and
feasible or not before improving or modifying the current system or build a new one.

ii. Determining the User’s Information Requirements (Evaluation & Synthesis).

At this stage, the user’s requirements are determined with the help of Prototyping, asking questions and
obtaining information from the existing System.

 Problem Definition & Project Initiation.

Once the problem is clearly determined, the problem is defined in terms as to what is required, how etc.

 Background Analysis.

Once the project is initiated, the analyst begins to learn about the setting, the existing system and the
physical processes related to the revised system. All the background information is collected and thoroughly
studied.
After obtaining background knowledge, the analyst begins to collect data on the existing system'’ outputs,
inputs and costs with the help of written documents, on-site observations, interviews and questionnaires.

 Fact Analysis.

After gathering data, they must be organized and evaluated and conclusions drawn for preparing a report to
the user for final review and approval. At this stage, some tools are used i.e. Data flow diagrams, Decision
tables, Structure chart etc. The end result obtained determines whether the new system is feasible or not.

27
2.10.4 In This Project, We Have Done The Following Analysis

i. Initial Investigation

We saw that there were very fewer sites available that could give complete information about transacting
on net to users. Also there was a need to automate the entire system.

ii. Determination of User’s Requirements

We contacted a no. of people about this project who agreed with the idea that this system will help a lot
many people rather the entire nation.

iii. Problem definition & Project Initiation

Problem definition is an initial investigation, which defines the problem that led to the user request. It states
the objectives the user is trying to achieve and the result user wants to see. It gives more stress on logical
requirements than the physical requirements.

The main objective of “PAYROLL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM” is to organize and maintain the records
of account holders efficiently. The records are automatically updated in the master file when any transaction
takes place.

i. Background Analysis

All the existing details were collected from the respective experts who gave us their brochures, pamphlets,
discussions with concerned personnel, details of exactly how information flows from one end- to-the-other.
We also searched various kinds of shares and related sites, which did help us but not a very large-scale.

ii. Fact Analysis

All the data and information collected was organized to show how information flows and at what stage,
exactly what happens? For this we tried to explain this with the help of Data Flow Diagrams (explained
further).

2.10.5 Data Collection

i. OBSERVATION

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The software has been prepared with a theory of turning a manual payroll management system into a fully
computerized one. The theory behind preparing the project is to make the employee of the company easy
to handle the records and services effectively. I have developed this software after keeping in view the need
and requirement of large companies. Systems require large number data to be handling. The advantage of
the computerized system over manual system is better performance, accuracy, consistency etc.

ii. QUESTIONAIRES

The manual procedures of the PAYROLL were observed. This was essential to analyze the flow of the
information and the actual usages of the software programmers. The actual procedures adopted by the
company staff were reviewed and the various registers they maintain were studied. This was helpful to
design the reporting requirement from the software.

For the proposed of designing an effective software package, is questionnaire was prepared and different
staff of a hospital was interviewed to access their requirement and how the proposed software can benefit
them. For example:-

Different people had different answers to the above question. However most people were in favors
of computerization of the existing system. For the convenience of the employee working in the company,
it must that both hardware and software should work efficiently to provide right information whenever
required.

29
SYSTEM
DESIGN
3.1 INTRODUCTION

System Design is the most creative and challenging phase in the system life cycle. Design is the
first step into the development phase for any engineered product or system. Design is a creative
process. A good design is the key to effective system. System design is a solution how to approach
the creation of a new system. System design transforms a logic representation of what is required
to do into the physical specification. The specification is converted into physical reality during
development.

3.1.1 Logical Design

The logical flow of a system and define the boundaries of a system. It includes the following steps:
i. Reviews the current physical system – its data flows, file content, volumes, frequencies
etc.

ii. Prepares output specifications – that is, determines the format, content and frequency
of reports.

iii. Prepares input specifications – format, content and most of the input functions.

iv. Prepares edit, security and control specifications.

v. Specifies the implementation plan.

vi. Prepares a logical design walk through of the information flow, output, input, controls
and implementation plan.

vii. Reviews benefits, costs, target dates and system constraints.

3.1.2 Physical Design

31
Physical system produces the working systems by define the design specifications that tell the
programmers exactly what the candidate system must do. It includes the following steps.

i. Design the physical system.

ii. Specify input and output media.
iii. Design the database and specify backup procedures.
iv. Design physical information flow through the system and a physical design Walk
through.
v. Plan system implementation.
vi. Prepare a conversion schedule and target date.
vii. Determine training procedures, courses and timetable.
viii. Devise a test and implementation plan and specify any new hardware/software.
ix. Update benefits, costs, conversion date and system constraints.

3.1.3 Design/Specifications Activities

i. Concept formulation.
ii. Problem understanding.
iii. High level requirements proposals.
iv. Feasibility study.
v. Requirements engineering.
vi. Architectural design.

3.2 INPUT DESIGN

32
Input Design deals with what data should be given as input, how the data should be arranged or
code, the dialog to guide the operating personnel in providing input, methods for preparing input
validations and steps to follow when error occur. Input Design is the process of converting a user-
oriented description of the input into a computer-based system. This design is important to avoid
errors in the data input process and show the correct direction to the management for getting correct
information from the computerized system. It is achieved by creating user friendly GUI (Graphical
User Interface). The goal of the designing is to make the interface as simple and attractive as
possible. The user can browse through the items available on the website, add or remove them to
and from the cart as required. It provides invoices also.

When the user click on the Checkout button the session checks for a valid login. If the user has
logged in it goes to the payment gateway else it redirects to the login page. After a successful login
the payment gateway launches.

3.3 OUTPUT DESIGN

A quality output is one, which meets the requirements of the end user and presents the information
clearly. The objective of output design is to convey information about past activities, current status
or projections of the future, signal important events, opportunities, problems, or warnings, trigger
an action, confirm an action etc. Efficient, intelligible output design should improve the system’s
relationship with the user and helps in decisions making. In output design the emphasis is on
displaying the contents of the website in the best possible manner. The primary consideration in
design of output is the information requirement and product descriptions for the end users. The
major formation of the output is to convey the information and so its layout and design need a
careful consideration.

33
3.4 DESIGN METHODOLOGY

Database and database system have become essential component of everyday life in modern society. In the
courses of a day, most of us encountered several activities that involved some interaction with the database.
There are several ways of implement database. Some of them are file handling mechanism, relational
database, object relational database. In our project we will use file-handling features provided by C++
languages. The project is developed by in such a way to provide a very efficient user interface of the project.

In this project there are 3 classes

i. Lines class = this class contains drawing functions.

ii. Menu class = It performs function relating to different menu in the project. In this employee,
this class controls designation & salary classes as all the display functions.

iii. Employee class = It performs function relating employees.

3.5 DESIGN OVERVIEW

i. Flow Chart

ii. DFD

iii. E-R Diagram

34
3.5.1 Flowchart
In procedural languages program, is started with the first line and follow a predefined path. Flowchart is
used to define that predefined path and it show the flow of control throughout the program.

35
Fig 3.1 FLOWCHART FOR PAYROLL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

36
3.5.2 Data Flow Diagram

A data flow diagram (DFD) is a graphical representation of the "flow" of data through an information
system, modeling its process aspects. Often they are a preliminary step used to create an overview of the
system which can later be elaborated. DFDs can also be used for the visualization of data
processing (structured design).

A DFD shows what kinds of data will be input to and output from the system, where the data will
come from and go to, and where the data will be stored. It does not show information about the
timing of processes, or information about whether processes will operate in sequence or in parallel
(which is shown on a flowchart).

Data Flow Diagram serves two purposes:

i. To provide annunciation of how data are transformed as they move through the system.
ii. To depict the functions that transforms the data flow.

DFDs are an excellent mechanism for communicating with the customer during requirement
analysis and are widely used for the representation of external and top-level internal design
specification. In the latter situations, DFDs are quite valuable for subsystem, files and data links.
The DFD methodology is quite effective, especially when the required design is unclear. In the
process, many levels of DFDs are created depending upon the level of details needed

The Level 0 DFD is also called Context Level DFD. It depicts the overview of the entire system.
The major external entities, a single process and the output stores constitute the level-0 DFD.
Though this diagram does not depict the system in detail, it represents the overall inputs, process
and output of the entire system at a very high level.

The Level 0 DFD is now expended into a level 1 model. It should be noted that information flow
continuity is maintained between level 0 and level 1. The process represents at DFD level 1 further
refined into lower levels. This further refinement is continued until an easily implement able
program component is reached.

37
3.5.2.1 Symbols Used In DFD

Fig 3.2SYMBOLS USED IN DFD

38
Fig3.3DATA FLOW DIAGRAM FOR PAYROLL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

39
3.5.3 Entity Relationship Diagrams (Er-Diagrams)

An entity-relationship (ER) diagram is a specialized graphic that illustrates the interrelationships

between entities in a database. ER diagrams often use symbols to represent three different types of
information. Boxes are commonly used to represent entities. Diamonds are normally used to
represent relationships and ovals are used to represent attributes

An entity-relationship model (ERM) in software engineering is an abstract and conceptual

representation of data. Entity-relationship modeling is a relational schema database modeling
method, used to produce a type of conceptual schema or semantic data model of a system, often a
relational database, and its requirements in a top-down fashion.

Symbols used in this E-R Diagram

Entity: Entity is a “thing” in the real world with an independent existence. An entity may be an
object with a physical existence such as person, car or employee. Entity symbol is as follows

Attribute: Attribute is a particular property that describes the entity. Attribute symbol is

Relationship: Relationship will be several implicit relationships among various entity types
whenever an attribute of one entity refers to another entity type some relationship exits.
Relationship symbol is:
Key attributes: An entity type usually has an attribute whose values are distinct for each
individual entity in the collection. Such an attribute is called key attribute. Key attribute symbol is
as follows

-Table - Primary Key -Link

Fields -Relationship M: N-Cardinality Relation

40
 Fig 3.3ER DIAGRAM FOR PAYROLL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

PH.NO
Name Name
Address

1 M EMPLOYEE
h
COMPANY as

M
M

has Gets
MONTH
1
DA
M CA
JOINING
DATE SALARY
YEAR

DAY
PF HRA

41
3.6 INTERFACE

3.6.1 Output Definition

In output definition following screen are shown

i. Main Menu Screen.

ii. New employee Record Screen.

iii. Display employee Record Screen.

iv. List of employee Screen.

v. Salary slip screen.

vi. Edit screen.

vii. Quit screen.

3.6.2 Input Definition

In input definition following screen are shown

i. Main Menu Screen.

ii. New employee Record Screen.

iii. Display employee Record Screen.

iv. List of employee Screen.

v. Salary slip screen.

vi. Edit screen.

vii. Quit screen.

i. MAIN SCREEN

42
Just after run the software user will see the main screen. In the main screen, all the options available in this
project will be available. User will use the keys to move between the choices & press enter to select a
particular choice.

 Enter 1 to add new records.

 Enter 2 to display the records of any particular employee.

 Enter 3 to display the list of all the employee working in the company.

 Enter 4 to display the salary slip of any particular employee.

 Enter 5 to edit the record of any particular employee.

 Enter3 to quit from the program.

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 ii. NEW EMPLOYEE RECORD SCREEN

If the user input 1 for the first option in the main screen then he will see the new employee record screen.
In this screen, the required detail of the new employee is entered. At the bottom of the screen, message is
shown to guide the user.

44
 iii. DISPLAY EMPLOYEE RECORD SCREEN:

If the user input 2 enter at the second option in the main screen then he will see the details of the employee
working in company .in this section program want from the user to enter the ID or CODE of the employee
whose record he want to see., the program will show another screen. In that screen the entire details of that
employees will be show. ‘Press any key to continue’ and if user presses any key than the program will jump
to main screen.

Now press Enter key to continue……………and user will see this screen where all the details related to the
employee will be there.

45
 iv. LIST OF EMPLOYEE RECORD SCREEN:

If the user input 3 for the third option in the main screen then he will see the list of all the employees
working in the company.

Now press Enter key to continue……………

v. SALARY SLIP SCREEN:

46
If the user input 4 for the fourth option in the main screen then the user will see the salary details of any
particular employee. In this screen, the program want to enter the employee ID or CODE to see all the
details relating to that employee, than the program will show the detail of that employee.

Now press enter key to continue with this………and user get another containing all the details of employees
related to their salary details

Now press Enter key to continue……………

vi. EDIT SCREEN:

If the user input 5 for the fifth option in the main screen then the user will see the edit sub screen. This
menu will have 3 option:-

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  Delete record

 Modify record

 Exit.

If user input 1 to delete the record of any employee…

This screen will display……. then the user will see that the program is asking to the user that which record
of the employee he wants to delete and enter the ID or CODE of that employee.

And now the program is asking the user that he is sure that he or she want to delete the record of that
employee, if user enter Y for YES that the record will be deleted from the database or the user enter N for
NO, than program will not delete the record of that employee.

48
And this screen is displaying that the record is deleted

Now press any key to continue…….

If user input 2 to modify the record of any employee…

This screen will display……. then the user will see that the program is asking to the user that which record
of the employee he wants to modify and enter the ID or CODE of that employee.

49
And now the program is asking the user that he is sure that he or she want to delete the record of that
employee, if user enter Y for YES that the record will be deleted from the database or the user enter Y for
NO, than program will not delete the record of that employee.

If user press yes to modify the record than this screen will display.
In this screen if user wants to change any of the record than he or she can changes it or if no then simply
press enter key to continue…..

50
And at last program will ask to the user that he or she want to save the record then press YES or just simply
press NO to continue

vii. QUIT SCREEN:

If user input 6 for the sixth option in the main menu screen then the user will quit or exit from the software
or from the program.

51
3.7 DATABASE AND FILE DESIGN

3.7.1 Database Design

EMPLOYEE.dat = This file will store the information related to employee.

EMPLOYEE DETAILS DESCRIPTION

NAME Name of the employee

ADDRESS Address of the employee

Phone number Phone number of the employee

Joining date Joining date of the employee

Designation Designation of the employee

Grade Grade of the employee

Loan Loan issued for the employee

3.7.2 PROGRAM FILE DESIGN

The programming language used for developing ”Payroll management system” software is C++. The
programmer in developing in the project is using a very fining and step-by-step Methodology. While
making this project it was kept in mind, that user should not find any difficulty while using this software.
The project is much simple and well-formed option to use the project.

52
3.8 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION

3.8.1 Coding Standards

We have used C++ to develop this program. C++ is object oriented language, so we are discussing some of
the concept of object oriented design.

i. OBJECT AND CLASSES

WHAT IS AN OBJECT?

An object is something that has a fix shape & well define boundary. If you look at your computer desk, you
would notice several objects of varying descriptions. They may be connected to, or related to, adjacent
objects. For example, a keyboard may be attached to a PC, and it is also easy to see different parts of PC
are distant objects. You will observe too characteristic things about of objects. Firstly, each object has
certain distinctions that enable you to recognize and classified it.

In computer terms, an object is a collection of related variable and function bound together to form a higher-
level entity. The variable defines the state of the object, while the function defines the action that can be
performed on the object. C++ programming language involved a building a program or a system from
object, in a same way that we might build a car from, its components. Thus we can think of a program as
being constructed from a set of interrelated part, which activated each other by sending messages to one
another. Hence when a program in C++ is running, its work with components sending code to other
components and causing them to execute. It can also allocate a new object. This is achieved by using
constructor and destructors; this determined how the object of a class are created, copied and destroyed.
Thus, object oriented programming is a technique for writing ‘good’ programs for a set of problem.

ii. WHAT IS A CLASS?

The concept of class is best understood with an analogy. Out of the several objects in a room, let us talk
about the picture on the wall. There is a class, which can call the class of “picture” of which the picture on
the wall is an instance. The picture in the room belongs to the class of picture, which contains all pictures
everywhere. Thus in C++ it is said, “An object is an instance of class”, which mean in the example that “a
picture is an occurrence of the ideal picture”.

iii. OBJECTS DECLARED AS A CLASS

In C++ programming, a class is a definition from which object can be created. An example would be
“customer” class consisting of the definition of the customer data and the process, which may act on it into
a single unit. An individual object would have values defied for Customer Identification (ID), Name, and
Address. When the customer class receives a message, it would activate the corresponding method ton do
this action. We shall try to understand, by an example in C++, as to how the idea explained above is used.
We have a function that gives us the square root of a value, and we might declare it as:

Float square root ();

The above function works out square roots. It is recognized by the name “Square root” and returns a value
in the form of a floating-point number. We can use it in the following assignment statement:

53
x=square root(y);

The above statement in C++ has the effect of calling the function “square root” and passing it the value of
the value of the variable “y”. the function works out the square root of that value and passes it back as a
floating point number. That value is then assigned to “x”. The point to note is: (a) the function can be used
exactly as shown above, i.e., the function is used directly within the language as if it were a variable. (b)
All function within C++ has a data type, which determines the form of the return value. For example, in the
above case of square root it is of the floating-point type.

An object when executed returns a value. The class defines the type of data returned by an object. A class
can be for any data type. The data type of a function in C++ is similar to the class of an object, because the
class of an objec6t defines the data type.

iv. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN OBJECT AND FUNCTIONS

The main difference between objects and functions is that a function is usually written to perform only a
single service such as the calculation of a square root. A class offers a range of different services, each of
which is activated by a different message. The function that an object carries out is thus determines by the
message that is sent to it. As an example, the class “number” could offer addition, subtraction, etc as
services. Each would be invoked by a different message which would include a number as a parameter.
Thus “number +1” would have the meaning: add1 to the current value of number. “+1” is the message
which is sent to the object” number”, the “+” invokes the service of addition. Note that “1” is also an object
which has value “1”; it is an instance of the class “number”. Thus for each class all the services that can be
provided are defined once and for all. They are coded into the class and are never coded elsewhere. This is
applied to any service, which you may wish to provide on any organized data, no matter how complex it is.
It could be printing or reading a record. It may also be searching a value in a table in a particular order.
The two other parts defied in a class are:

 Messages

 Methods

v. OBJECTS VS CLASSES:

You probably noticed that the illustrations of objects and classes look very similar. And indeed, the
difference between classes and objects is often the source of some confusion. In the real world, it’s obvious
that classes are not themselves the objects they describe. A blueprint of the bicycle is not a bicycle.
However, it’s a little more difficult to differentiate classes and objects in software. This is partially because
software object are merely electronic models of real-world objects in the first place. But it’s also because
the term “object” is sometimes used to refer to both classes and instances.

vi. TWO APPROACHES TO SOLVE A PROBLEM WITH PROGRAMMING:

 Structured (Procedural) Methodology – C, Pascal, FORTRAN, and C++.

 Object-oriented Methodology ¬– C++, Smalltalk, JAVA.

vii. PROGRAMMING STYLES:

54
Here we have listed some general guidelines that should be followed while coding.

 NAMES:

Variables names should be closely related to the entity they represent and module names should reflect their
activities.

 CONTROL CONSTRUCTS:

It is desirable that as much as possible single-entry-exit constructs to be used. It is also desirable to use few
standard controls construct rather then using a wide variety of constructs just because they are available in
the language.

 GOTO’S:

Go to should be used sparingly and in discipline manner. Only when the alternative of using goes to is more
complex should the go to be used.

 USER DEFINED TYPES:

Most programming language allows user to define types like the enumerated type. When such facilities are
available, they should be exploited where applicable. For example when working with dates, type can be
defined for the day of the week in Pascal, this can be done as follows:
Type month = (Jan, Feb, Mar Apr, May, June, July).

 NESTING

The different control constructs, particularly the If-Then-Else, can be nested. If the nesting becomes too
deep, the program becomes harder to understand. Where possible deep nesting should be avoided, even if
it means a little inefficiency.

 ROBUSTNESS

A program is robust if it does something planned even for exceptional conditions. A program should check
for validity of inputs, where possible, and should check for possible overflow of the data structures. If such
situation do arise the program should not “crash”, it should produce meaningful message and exit
gracefully.

 INTERNAL DOCUMENTATION

In the coding phase the output is code itself. However, some amount of internal documentation in the code
can be extremely using full in enhancing the understandability of the programs. Internal documentation of
the program is done by the use of comments. The purpose of comments is to explain what the code is doing,
not how it is doing it.

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  ADDTION STANDARDS USED IN THE SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT:-

a. TABLE NAME IS SELF EXPLANATORY

This line conveys that the table name used at the design time, itself tells one what are the contents.

b. FUNCTION NAME IS SELF EXPLANATORY

The line signifies that the function used in the coding to perform a particular task, can be identified by its
name. The name itself specifies about its operation to be performed.
For e.g. Display () -> the name display tells about its operation i.e. display of the outcome on the user’s
screen.

c. VARIABLE NAME IS SELF EXPLANATORY

This line signifies that the variable name used at the coding time, itself tells one what type of value it may
hold.

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 SYSTEM
TESTING
AND
IMPLEMEN-
TATIONS
4.1 TESTING

Testing is a process of executing a program with the interest of finding an error. A good test is one
that has high probability of finding the yet undiscovered error. This helps in the prevention of
errors in a system. Testing also adds value to the product by conforming to the user requirements.
Testing should systematically uncover different classes of errors in a minimum amount of time
with a minimum amount of efforts. Two classes of inputs are provided to test the process:
i. A software configuration that includes a software requirement specification, a design
specification and source code.

ii. A software configuration that includes a test plan and procedure, any testing tool and
test cases and their expected results.

4.2 TYPES OF TESTING

Testing is divided into several distinct operations:

4.2.1 Unit Testing

Unit test comprises of a set tests performed by an individual program prior to the integration of
the unit into large system. A program unit is usually the smallest free functioning part of the whole
system. Module unit testing should be as exhaustive as possible to ensure that each representation
handled by each module has been tested. All the units that makeup the system must be tested
independently to ensure that they work as required.

4.2.2 Integration Testing

Integration testing is a system technique for constructing the program structure while at the same
time conducting tests to uncover errors associated with interfacing. The objective is to take unit
tested modules and build a program structure that has been dictated by design. Bottom-up
integration is the traditional strategy used to integrate the components of a software system into
functioning whole. Bottom-up integration consists of unit test followed by testing of the entire
system. A sub-system consists of several modules that communicated with other defined interface.

4.2.3 Validation Testing

After validation testing, software is completely assembled as a package, interfacing errors that
have been uncovered and corrected and the final series of software test; the validation test begins.
Steps taken during software design and testing can greatly improve the probability of successful
integration in the larger system. System testing is actually a series of different tests whose primary
purpose is to fully exercise the compute –based system.

58
4.2.4 Recovery Testing
It is a system that forces the software to fail in a variety of ways and verifies that the recovery is
properly performed.

4.2.5 Security Testing

It attempts to verify that protection mechanisms built into a system will in fact protect it from
improper penetration. The system’s security must of course be tested from in vulnerability form
frontal attack.

4.2.6 Stress Testing

Stress tools are designed to confront programs with abnormal situations. Stress testing executes a
system in a manner that demands resources in abnormal quantity and volume.

4.2.7 Black Box Testing

Black box testing is done to find out the following information as shown in below:
 Incorrect or missing functions.
 Interface errors.
 Errors or database access.
 Performance error.
 Termination error.
The mentioned testing is carried out successfully for this application according to the user’s
requirement specification.

4.2.8 Test Data Output

After preparing test data, the system under study is tested using the test data. While testing the
system using test data, errors are again uncovered and corrected by using above testing and
corrections are also noted for future use.

4.3 SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION REQUIREMENT

59
The implementation phase is less creative than system design. It is primarily concerned with user training,
site preparation, and file conversion. When the candidate system is linked to terminals or remote sites,
telecommunication network and test of the network along with the system are also included under
implementation.
During the final testing, user acceptance is tested, followed by user training. Depending on the nature of
the system, extensive user training may be required. Conversion usually takes place about the same time
the user is being trained or late.
In the extreme, the programmer is viewed as someone who ought to be isolated from other aspects of the
system development. Programming is itself design work, however. The initial parameters of the candidate
system should be modified as a result of programming efforts. Programming provides a ‘reality test’ for the
assumptions made by the analyst. It is therefore a mistake to exclude programmers from the initial system
design.
The implementation phase is less creative than system design. It is primarily concerned with user
training, site preparation, and file conversion. When the candidate system is linked to terminals or remote
sites, telecommunication network and test of the network along with the system are also included under
implementation.
During the final testing, user acceptance is tested, followed by user training. Depending on the nature of
the system, extensive user training may be required. Conversion usually takes place about the same time
the user is being trained or late.
In the extreme, the programmer is viewed as someone who ought to be isolated from other aspects of the
system development. Programming is itself design work, however. The initial parameters of the candidate
system should be modified as a result of programming efforts. Programming provides a ‘reality test’ for the
assumptions made by the analyst. It is therefore a mistake to exclude programmers from the initial system
design.
As we know, creating software is one thing and the implementation of the created software is another. The
process of implementation software is much difficult as compared to the task of creating the project.

First we have to implement the software on a small scale for removing the bugs and other error in the project
and after removing them we can implement the software on a large scale. We have to implement our project
named “Payroll Management System” on a small scale now, to see whether it is working fine or not without
any errors, and after testing and evaluating the software we will implement it on a large scale.

Whenever we develop software or project certain hardware and the programmer for developing the software
is using software. The hardware and software to be used by the programmer for developing the software
should be such that it would result in the development of a project, which would satisfy all the basic needs
for which the programmer has created the project. The hardware should be such that cost constraints of the
empoyee should also be taken into account without affecting the performance.

For the development of the software program, we have selected C++ because C++ has a wider acceptance
in the Industry. Operators cannot make changes in the Database structure, and hence a great deal of security
is maintained. Everything has to be operated through the software itself. Also EXE.file can be created and
the same can be delivered to the user.

No additional software is required for this Package. The user need have only the basic operating software
on his computer. The developed software runs under DOS as well as WINDOW OS. Whenever we develop
software or project certain hardware and the programmer for developing the project is using software. The
hardware and software to be used by the programmer for developing the project should be such that it would
result in the development of a project, which would satisfy all the basic needs for which the programmer
has created the project.

60
4.4 MAINTENANCE PHASE

After the installation phase is completed and the user staff is adjusted to the changes created by the candidate
system, evaluation and maintenance begin. Like any system, there is an aging process that requires periodic
maintenance of hardware and software. If new information is inconsistent with the design specification,
then changes have to be made. Hardware also required periodic maintenance to keep in tune with design
specification. The importance of maintenance is to continue to bring the new system to standers.

User priorities, changes in organization requirements, or environmental factors also call for the system
enhancements (To contrast maintenance with enhancement).

61
4.5 CONCLUSION
After developing the software it is very essential to evaluate it to know whether it solves the defined problem
for which it has been created or not. By evaluating the software we can also know the extent to which the
created software solves the given problem. The software named “Payroll Management System” has also
been evaluated by the programmer in the following ways:-

The project has been compiled and being run on the same hardware platform to be used at the client site by
the programmer. This is very essential to do as the programming language i.e. C++, in which the software
has been created is not platform independent.

The project has also been compiled and run in the presence of the client for whom the project has been
prepared. The Time period used for evaluating the software has been 3 weeks. Thus, after evaluating the
project I could conclude that my project is feasible & justified.

4.6 SCOPE OF IMPROVEMENT

There are certain limitations about my project &they are as follows:-

i. The project do not follow all the aspect of oop:-

There is always a room for improvement of things to implement the new things. So, this project is made in
C++ but do not follow all the concepts of OOP or any other technical approach such as Inheritance,
Polymorphism.

ii. The project needs more GUI interface

Since mouse can not be used in this current system. So, it becomes little bit difficult to perform data entry
without clickable. This is due to time limitations can be improved in future.

iii. The project needs a database backhand:-

In our project we have used C++; it uses the file handling features of C++. It is a very obsolete technology
for database management. But it doesn’t support multi user environment.

62
4.7 SCOPE OF FUTURE APPLICATION
At the end of the project, we want to put our attention on the future perspective of the project. As we know
software development process begin with the interaction with the client. Clients mayn’t have clear
understanding of his need.

The improvement of software is not a rare scene for software industry. Such are of improvement in software
is called the adaptive maintenance. In this type of maintenance we enhance our software.

In our project we used C++ language and its file-handling feature of C++. Our project doesn’t also support
multiple clients. But the scope of the project can be dramatically enhanced when we make this project
online.

4.8 USER MANUAL

A user guide, a reference manual and often a tutorial are part of the documentation. These documentations
are highly structured and can be written following precise guidelines.

User manual is basically provided for the user’s convenience, as user doesn’t know about the new system.
So to operate the software user is given a training manual. The training manual describes simply the entire
flow of the system, which helps the user to operate the system conveniently, and efficiency.

63
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1. Jamie Jaworsky ‘Visual Basic 6.0’Techmedia.
2. Elmasri Navathe ‘Fundamentals of database systems’.
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Academic Publishing, ISBN: 978-620-3-86302-4, DOI:
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4. Alam, M. (2012). Electronic Ticket Machine (1st ed.). New Delhi. LAP
LAMBERT Academic Publishing, ISBN: 978-620-3-86332-1, DOI:
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Academic Publishing, ISBN: 978-620-3-58124-9, DOI:
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PART OF THE SOURCE CODE
**********************************************************
// PROJECT “PAYROLL MANGEMENT SYSTEM”
//**********************************************************

//**********************************************************
// INCLUDED HEADER FILES
//**********************************************************

#Include<iostream.h>
#Include<stream.h>
#Include<proces.h>
#Include<string.h>
#Include<stdlib.h>
#Include<stdio.h>
#Include<ctype.h>
#Include<conio.h>
#Include<dos.h>
#Include<stdlib.h>

//**********************************************************
// THIS CLASS CONTAINS ALL THE DRAWING FUNCTIONS
//**********************************************************

class LINES
{
public :
Void LINE_HOR(int, int, int, char) ;
Void LINE_VER(int, int, int, char) ;
Void BOX(int,int,int,int,char) ;
void CLEARUP(void) ;
Void CLEARDOWN(void) ;
};

//**********************************************************
// THIS CLASS CONTROLS ALL THE FUNCTIONS IN THE MENU
//**********************************************************

65
class MENU
{
public :
void MAIN_MENU(void) ;
private :
void EDIT_MENU(void) ;
void INTRODUCTION(void) ;
};

//**********************************************************
// THIS CLASS CONTROL ALL THE FUNCTIONS RELATED TO EMPLOYEE
//**********************************************************

class EMPLOYEE
{
public :
void NEW_EMPLOYEE(void) ;
void MODIFICATION(void) ;
void DELETION(void) ;
void DISPLAY(void) ;
void LIST(void) ;
void SALARY_SLIP(void) ;
private :
void ADD_RECORD(int, char[], char[], char[], int, int, int, char[], char, char,
char, float, float) ;
void MODIFY_RECORD(int, char [], char [], char [], char [], char, char, char,
float, float) ;
void DELETE_RECORD(int) ;
int LASTCODE(void) ;
int CODEFOUND(int) ;
int RECORDNO(int) ;
int FOUND_CODE(int) ;
void DISPLAY_RECORD(int) ;
int VALID_DATE(int, int, int) ;

int code, dd, mm, yy ;

char name[26], address[31], phone[10], desig[16] ;
char grade, house, convense ;
float loan, basic ;
};

//**********************************************************
// THIS FUNCTION CONTROL ALL THE FUNCTIONS IN THE MAIN MENU
//**********************************************************

void MENU::MAIN_MENU(void)
{
char ch ;
LINES L ;

66
L.CLEARUP() ;
while (1)
{
clrscr();
L.BOX(28,7,51,9,218) ;
L.BOX(10,5,71,21,218) ;
L.BOX(11,6,70,20,219) ;
gotoxy(31,8);
cout <<"WINTECH COMPUTERS" ;
gotoxy(30,11) ;
cout <<"1: NEW EMPLOYEE" ;
gotoxy(30,12) ;
cout <<"2: DISPLAY EMPLOYEE" ;
gotoxy(30,13) ;
cout <<"3: LIST OF EMPLOYEES" ;
gotoxy(30,14) ;
cout <<"4: SALARY SLIP" ;
gotoxy(30,15) ;
cout <<"5: EDIT" ;
gotoxy(30,16) ;
cout <<"0: QUIT" ;
gotoxy(30,18) ;
cout <<"ENTER YOUR CHOICE :" ;
ch = getch() ;
if (ch == 27 || ch == '0')
break ;
else
if (ch == '1')
{
EMPLOYEE E ;
E.NEW_EMPLOYEE() ;
}
else
if (ch == '2')
{
EMPLOYEE E ;
E.DISPLAY() ;
}
else
if (ch == '3')
{
EMPLOYEE E ;
E.LIST() ;
}
else
if (ch == '4')
{
EMPLOYEE E ;
E.SALARY_SLIP() ;
}
else

67
 if (ch == '5')
EDIT_MENU() ;
}
L.CLEARUP() ;
}

//**********************************************************
// THIS FUNCTION CONTROL ALL THE FUNCTIONS IN THE EDIT MENU
//**********************************************************

void MENU::EDIT_MENU(void)
{
char ch ;
LINES L ;
L.CLEARDOWN() ;
while (1)
{
clrscr() ;
L.BOX(28,8,49,10,218) ;
L.BOX(10,5,71,21,218) ;
L.BOX(11,6,70,20,219) ;
gotoxy(31,9) ;
cout <<"E D I T M E N U" ;
gotoxy(30,13) ;
cout <<"1: DELETE RECORD" ;
gotoxy(30,14) ;
cout <<"2: MODIFY RECORD" ;
gotoxy(30,15) ;
cout <<"0: EXIT" ;
gotoxy(30,17) ;
cout <<"ENTER YOUR CHOICE :" ;
ch = getch() ;
if (ch == 27 || ch == '0')
break ;
else
if (ch == '1')
{
EMPLOYEE E ;
E.DELETION() ;
}
else
if (ch == '2')
{
EMPLOYEE E ;
E.MODIFICATION() ;
}
}
L.CLEARDOWN() ;
}

68
//**********************************************************
// THIS FUNCTION DRAWS THE HORRIZONTAL LINE
//**********************************************************

void LINES :: LINE_HOR(int column1, int column2, int row, char c)

{
for ( column1; column1<=column2; column1++ )
{
gotoxy(column1,row) ;
cout <<c ;
}
}

//**********************************************************
// THIS FUNCTION DRAWS THE VERTICAL LINE
//**********************************************************

void LINES :: LINE_VER(int row1, int row2, int column, char c)

{
for ( row1; row1<=row2; row1++ )
{
gotoxy(column,row1) ;
cout <<c ;
}
}

//**********************************************************
// THIS FUNCTION DRAWS THE BOX
//**********************************************************

void LINES :: BOX(int column1, int row1, int column2, int row2, char c)
{
char ch=218 ;
char c1, c2, c3, c4 ;
char l1=196, l2=179 ;
if (c == ch)
{
c1=218 ;
c2=191 ;
c3=192 ;
c4=217 ;
l1 = 196 ;
l2 = 179 ;
}
else
{

69
 c1=c ;
c2=c ;
c3=c ;
c4=c ;
l1 = c ;
l2 = c ;
}
gotoxy(column1,row1) ;
cout <<c1 ;
gotoxy(column2,row1) ;
cout <<c2 ;
gotoxy(column1,row2) ;
cout <<c3 ;
gotoxy(column2,row2) ;
cout <<c4 ;
column1++ ;
column2-- ;
LINE_HOR(column1,column2,row1,l1) ;
LINE_HOR(column1,column2,row2,l1) ;
column1-- ;
column2++ ;
row1++ ;
row2-- ;
LINE_VER(row1,row2,column1,l2) ;
LINE_VER(row1,row2,column2,l2) ;
}

//**********************************************************
// THIS FUNCTION CLEAR THE SCREEN LINE BY LINE UPWARD
//**********************************************************

void LINES :: CLEARUP(void)

{
for (int i=25; i>=1; i--)
{
delay(20) ;
gotoxy(1,i) ; clreol() ;
}
}

//**********************************************************
// THIS FUNCTION CLEAR THE SCREEN LINE BY LINE DOWNWORD
//**********************************************************

void LINES :: CLEARDOWN(void)

{
for (int i=1; i<=25; i++)
{
delay(20) ;
gotoxy(1,i) ; clreol() ;

70
 }
}

//**********************************************************
// THIS FUNCTION ADDS THE GIVEN DATA IN THE EMPLOYEE'S FILE
//**********************************************************

void EMPLOYEE :: ADD_RECORD(int ecode, char ename[26], char eaddress[31], char ephone[10], int
d, int m, int y, char edesig[16], char egrade, char ehouse, char econv, float eloan, float ebasic)
{
fstream file ;
file.open("EMPLOYEE.DAT", ios::app) ;
code = ecode ;
strcpy(name,ename) ;
strcpy(address,eaddress) ;
strcpy(phone,ephone) ;
dd = d ;
mm = m ;
yy = y ;
strcpy(desig,edesig) ;
grade = egrade ;
house = ehouse ;
convense = econv ;
loan = eloan ;
basic = ebasic ;
file.write((char *) this, sizeof(EMPLOYEE)) ;
file.close() ;
}

//**********************************************************
// THIS FUNCTION MODIFY THE GIVEN DATA IN THE
// EMPLOYEE'S FILE
//**********************************************************

void EMPLOYEE :: MODIFY_RECORD(int ecode, char ename[26], char eaddress[31], char ephone[10],
char edesig[16], char egrade, char ehouse, char econv, float eloan, float ebasic)
{
int recno ;
recno = RECORDNO(ecode) ;
fstream file ;
file.open("EMPLOYEE.DAT", ios::out | ios::ate) ;
strcpy(name,ename) ;
strcpy(address,eaddress) ;
strcpy(phone,ephone) ;
strcpy(desig,edesig) ;
grade = egrade ;
house = ehouse ;
convense = econv ;
loan = eloan ;

71
 basic = ebasic ;
int location ;
location = (recno-1) * sizeof(EMPLOYEE) ;
file.seekp(location) ;
file.write((char *) this, sizeof(EMPLOYEE)) ;
file.close() ;
}

//**********************************************************
// THIS FUNCTION DELETE THE RECORD IN THE EMPLOYEE FILE
// FOR THE GIVEN EMPLOYEE CODE
//**********************************************************

void EMPLOYEE :: DELETE_RECORD(int ecode)

{
fstream file ;
file.open("EMPLOYEE.DAT", ios::in) ;
fstream temp ;
temp.open("temp.dat", ios::out) ;
file.seekg(0,ios::beg) ;
while (!file.eof())
{
file.read((char *) this, sizeof(EMPLOYEE)) ;
if (file.eof())
break ;
if (code != ecode)
temp.write((char *) this, sizeof(EMPLOYEE)) ;
}
file.close() ;
temp.close() ;
file.open("EMPLOYEE.DAT", ios::out) ;
temp.open("temp.dat", ios::in) ;
temp.seekg(0,ios::beg) ;
while (!temp.eof())
{
temp.read((char *) this, sizeof(EMPLOYEE)) ;
if ( temp.eof() )
break ;
file.write((char *) this, sizeof(EMPLOYEE)) ;
}
file.close() ;

72
 temp.close() ;
}

//**********************************************************
// THIS FUNCTION RETURNS THE LAST EMPLOYEE'S CODE
//**********************************************************

int EMPLOYEE :: LASTCODE(void)

{
fstream file ;
file.open("EMPLOYEE.DAT", ios::in) ;
file.seekg(0,ios::beg) ;
int count=0 ;
while (file.read((char *) this, sizeof(EMPLOYEE)))
count = code ;
file.close() ;
return count ;
}

//**********************************************************
// THIS FUNCTION RETURNS 0 IF THE GIVEN CODE NOT FOUND
//**********************************************************

int EMPLOYEE :: FOUND_CODE(int ecode)

{
fstream file ;
file.open("EMPLOYEE.DAT", ios::in) ;
file.seekg(0,ios::beg) ;
int found=0 ;
while (file.read((char *) this, sizeof(EMPLOYEE)))
{
if (code == ecode)
{
found = 1 ;
break ;
}
}
file.close() ;
return found ;

73
}

//**********************************************************
// THIS FUNCTION RETURNS RECORD NO. OF THE GIVEN CODE
//**********************************************************

int EMPLOYEE :: RECORDNO(int ecode)

{
fstream file ;
file.open("EMPLOYEE.DAT", ios::in) ;
file.seekg(0,ios::beg) ;
int recno=0 ;
while (file.read((char *) this, sizeof(EMPLOYEE)))
{
recno++ ;
if (code == ecode)
break ;
}
file.close() ;
return recno ;
}

74
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