Std XII Unit – 3 Computer Science

3.6 Interface of Python with an SQL database (2/2)

Python code with SQL queries

As we know, the method cursor () is used to create a cursor instance/ object,
after establishing the connection between Python and MySQL database. The
database cursor is a control structure, which enables us to make traversal over
the records / rows in a database. A cursor can be treated a pointer to the first row
/ tuple of the set of the records stored in the database. Like a file pointer which is
pointing to current record / object of the file, moves automatically to next record
and finally reaches the end of the file, the cursor points to the first row, then
automatically travels to other rows of the database and finally reaches end of the
table. Thus, the cursor facilitates retrieve, addition, updating and deletion of
database records.
Once we have created a cursor instance /object, we can execute various types of
SQL queries using the method execute() to manipulate the records of the
database linked with the Python.
Let us consider the following relation RESULT is already created in the database
“AECS”, which is connected with the Python.

RollNo Name Class Subject DOE Marks

1011 Ramesh XII-A Computer 14-03-2020 98
1013 Harsha XII-B Physics 12-03-2020 95
1016 Yogesh XII-B Chemistry 09-03-2020 96
1018 Girija XII-C Accountancy 14-03-2020 100
1014 Jevan XII-A Mathematics 18-03-2020 99
1015 Anju XII-C Economics 12-03-2020 94
1016 Kishore XII-B Biology 16-03-2020 96
1017 Kiran XII-C English 06-03-2020 91
1020 Kirutika XII-A Computer 14-03-2020 100
1012 Arvind XII-B Mathematics 18-03-2020 96

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 Std XII Unit – 3 Computer Science
3.6 Interface of Python with an SQL database (2/2)

Python Code – 1
#Python code to retrieve all the rows from the relation RESULT
#Import the package mysql.connector
import mysql.connector as SqlCon

#Interface MySQL database with the Python

MYCon = SqlCon.connect(host=”localhost”, user=”root”, passwd=”gms”,
database = “AECS”)
if MyCon.is_connected() :
print(“MySQL database is successfully connected”)
else:
print(“Error in connecting to MySQL database”)

#Create cursor instance and execute SQL query

CurObj = MyCon.cursor()
CurObj.execute(“select * from result”)

DataRows = CurObj.fetchall() #Fetch all the rows from the database

NumRows = CurObj.rowcount #Find number of rows
print(“Number of records retrieved from the table : “, NumRows);
#To display all the records
for row in DataRows:
print (row) #Display each record
MyCon.close() #Terminate the connection

OUTPUT
MySQL database is successfully connected
Number of records retrieved from the table : 10
Then all the rows will be displayed

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 Std XII Unit – 3 Computer Science
3.6 Interface of Python with an SQL database (2/2)

Python Code – 2
#Alternate Python code to retrieve one record at a time
#from the relation RESULT
#Import the package mysql.connector
import mysql.connector as SqlCon
MYCon = SqlCon.connect(host=”localhost”, user=”root”, passwd=”gms”,
database = “AECS”)
if MyCon.is_connected() :
print(“MySQL database is successfully connected”)
else:
print(“Error in connecting to MySQL database”)

#Create cursor instance and execute SQL query

CurObj = MyCon.cursor()
CurObj.execute(“select * from result”)

DataRow = CurObj.fetchone() # fetch each record

while DataRow is not None:
print (DataRow)
DataRow = CurObj.fetchone()
NumRows = CurObj.rowcount
print(“Number of records retrieved from the table : “, NumRows);
MyCon.close()

OUTPUT
MySQL database is successfully connected
First, all the rows will be displayed
Then,
Number of records retrieved from the table : 10 will be displayed

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 Std XII Unit – 3 Computer Science
3.6 Interface of Python with an SQL database (2/2)

Python Code – 3
#Python code to retrieve all the record and display few columns
#from the relation RESULT
#Import the package mysql.connector
import mysql.connector
conn = mysql.connector.connect(host=”localhost”, user=”root”, passwd=”gms”,
database = “AECS”)
if conn.is_connected() :
print(“MySQL database is successfully connected”)
else:
print(“Error in connecting to MySQL database”)

#Create cursor instance and execute SQL query

cob = conn.cursor()
cob.execute(“select * from result”)

dr = cob.fetchall() #Fetch all the rows from the database

print(“Number of records retrieved from the table : “, cob.rowcount);

#To display all the records

for row in dr:
rno = row[0] #Assign RollNo
nam = row[1] #Assign Name
sub = row[3] #Assign Subject
mark= row[5] #Assign Marks
print (‘%-6d %-15s% %-15s %-6d’%(rno, nam, sub, mark)) #Display
conn.close() #Terminate the connection

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 Std XII Unit – 3 Computer Science
3.6 Interface of Python with an SQL database (2/2)

OUTPUT
MySQL database is successfully connected
First,
Number of records retrieved from the table : 10 will be displayed
Then,
RollNo, Name, Subject and Marks of each student will be displayed

Deleting rows from a relation

The Roll number of a student can be supplied through the keyboard while
running the Python code. Further, a function definition Delete_Rows(rno) can
also be used to delete a record of the student whose Roll number is passed as
an argument to the function. The SQL command delete can be used with format
as given below.
delete from result where rollno = ‘%d’
Here, ‘%d’ represents an integer(rollno of the student), which is supplied as an
argument to the command. After deleting rows from the table, we can save the
changes in the database by using commit method and if there is an error, we can
un-save the changes by using rollback method as depicted below.
conn.commit()
conn.rollback()
Python Code – 4
#Python code to delete a record / row from the relation RESULT
import mysql.connector as sqcon

#Function to delete a row from the relation

def Delete_Rows(rno):
conn = sqcon.connector.connect(host=”localhost”, user=”root”,
passwd=”gms”, database = “AECS”)

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 Std XII Unit – 3 Computer Science
3.6 Interface of Python with an SQL database (2/2)

if conn.is_connected() :
print(“MySQL database is successfully connected”)
else:
print(“Error in connecting to MySQL database”)
#Create cursor instance and execute SQL query
cob = conn.cursor()
sq = “delete from result where rno = ‘%d’”
arg = (rno)
try:
cob.execute(sq%arg)
cob.commit() #save the changes in the database
print(“1 row deleted…”)
except:
cob.rollback() #un-save the changes in the database
finally:
cob.close() #close the connection
conn.close()
#__main__
rn = int(input(‘Enter roll number =’))
Delete_Rows(rn) #call the function
OUTPUT
MySQL database is successfully connected
Enter roll number = 1012
1 row deleted…

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 Std XII Unit – 3 Computer Science
3.6 Interface of Python with an SQL database (2/2)

Updating rows from a relation

We can modify the value(s) in the row(s) by using UPDATE-SET
command. For instance, we wish to increase the marks scored in the
subject Physics by 2 for all the students. Then, a function definition

Update_Rows(sub) can be used to update the marks. The SQL command

UPDATE can be written with format as given below.

update result set marks = marks +2 where subject = ‘%s’

Here, ‘%s’ represents a string (subject) supplied as argument to the command.

Python Code – 5
#Python code to update a record / row from the relation RESULT
import mysql.connector as sqcon

#Function to update a row from the relation

def Update_Rows(sub):
conn = sqcon.connector.connect(host=”localhost”, user=”root”,
passwd=”gms”, database = “AECS”)
if conn.is_connected() :
print(“MySQL database is successfully connected”)
else:
print(“Error in connecting to MySQL database”)

#Create cursor instance and execute SQL query

cob = conn.cursor()
sq = “update result set marks = marks +2 where subject = ‘%s’”
arg = (sub)

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 Std XII Unit – 3 Computer Science
3.6 Interface of Python with an SQL database (2/2)

try:
cob.execute(sq%arg)
cob.commit() #save the changes in the database
print(“Marks in Physics updated…”)
except:
cob.rollback() #un-save the changes in the database
finally:
cob.close() #close the connection
conn.close()
#__main__
st = input(‘Enter Subject : ’)
Update_Rows(st) #call the function
OUTPUT
MySQL database is successfully connected
Enter Subject : Physics
Marks in Physics updated…

Creating database tables through Python

We have, so far, used the relation “RESULT”, which was already created in
the MySQL database. We can also create any relation and insert rows in
the relation by using SQL commands in the Python code as illustrated
below.
drop table if exists result #drop the table result if already exists
create table result(rollno int(4), name varchar2(20), class char(5),
subject varchar(15), doe date, marks int(3))

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 Std XII Unit – 3 Computer Science
3.6 Interface of Python with an SQL database (2/2)

Python Code – 6
#Python code to create a new table result in MySQL database
import mysql.connector as sqcon
#Function to create a new table result
def Create_Table():
conn = sqcon.connector.connect(host=”localhost”, user=”root”,
passwd=”gms”, database = “AECS”)

if conn.is_connected() :
print(“MySQL database is successfully connected”)

else:
print(“Error in connecting to MySQL database”)
#Create cursor instance and execute SQL query
cob = conn.cursor()
cob.execute(drop table if exists result)
sq = “create table result(rollno int(4), name varchar2(20), class
char(5), subject varchar(15), doe date, marks int(3))”
cob.execute(sq)
print(‘Table created …’)
cob.close() #close the connection
conn.close()
#__MAIN__
Create_Table()

OUTPUT
MySQL database is successfully connected
Table created...

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 Std XII Unit – 3 Computer Science
3.6 Interface of Python with an SQL database (2/2)

Inserting rows into a table

By using the SQL command INSERT-INTO-VALUES in the Python code as
given below, we can insert rows into the table result.
Str =”insert into result (rollno, name, class, subject, doe, marks)
values(‘%d’,’%s’,’%s’,’%s’,’%d’)”
Python Code – 7
#Python code to insert rows into the table result in MySQL database
import mysql.connector as sqcon
#Function to create a new table result
def Insert_Rows(rollno, name, class, subject, doe, marks):
conn = sqcon.connector.connect(host=”localhost”, user=”root”,
passwd=”gms”, database = “AECS”)
if conn.is_connected() :
print(“MySQL database is successfully connected”)
else:
print(“Error in connecting to MySQL database”)
cob = conn.cursor()
Str =”insert into result (rollno, name, class, subject, doe, marks)
values(‘%d’,’%s’,’%s’,’%s’,’%d’)”
args = (rollno, name, class, subject, doe, marks)
try:
cob.execute(Str%args)
cob.commit() #save the changes in the database
print(“1 row inserted…”)
except:
cob.rollback() #un-save the changes in the database

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 Std XII Unit – 3 Computer Science
3.6 Interface of Python with an SQL database (2/2)

finally:
cob.close() #close the connection
conn.close()
#__MAIN__
n = int(input(“How many rows to be inserted ? ”))
for i in range(n):
rn = int(input(‘Enter rollno : ‘))
nam = input(‘Enter name : ‘)
cl = input(‘Enter class : ‘)
sub = input(‘Enter subject : ‘)
dt = input(‘Enter doe : ‘)
mks = int(input(‘Enter marks : ‘))
Insert_Rows(rn, nam, cl, sub, dt, mks)
print(“_________________________________”)

OUTPUT
MySQL database is successfully connected
How many rows to be inserted ? 1
Enter rollno : 1025
Enter name : Dinesh
Enter class : XII-C
Enter subject : Accountancy
Enter doe : 14-03-2020
Enter marks : 99
_________________________________
1 row inserted …
0o0o0o0o0o0o0o0

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