2021

Republic of the Philippines

CAVITE STATE UNIVERSITY

Bacoor City Campus
SHIV, Molino VI, City of Bacoor
 ITEC 70:
MULTIMEDIA
SYSTEM

PAOLO M. RODRIGUEZ
INSTRUCTOR
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER STUDIES
0

The premier university in historic Cavite recognized for

excellence in the development of globally competitive and
morally upright individuals.

Republic of the Philippines

CAVITE STATE UNIVERSITY Bacoor City
Campus
SHIV, Molino VI, City of Bacoor PAOLO M. RODRIGUEZ
Instructor, ITEC 70: Multimedia System
[email protected]

COURSE DESCRIPTION

ITEC 70 – Multimedia System

This is an introductory course in digital media. It is intended

for students from all backgrounds who are interested in
MISSION learning the foundational scientific concepts and the basic
techniques of digital media production.
Cavite State University shall provide excellent, equitable and
relevant educational opportunities in the arts, science and Knowing about the connection between scientific concepts
technology through quality instruction and relevant research and applications will help you in making educated guesses,
rather than relying on defaults or recipes, in using tools and
and development activities.
techniques in application programs. The practical component
It shall produce professional, skilled and morally upright
of the course is organized around learning about, and using
individuals for global competitiveness. various software for manipulating digital sound, digital
images, and digital video.
VISION
PROGRAM OUTCOMES ADDRESSED BY 6. Demonstrate competence in using editing software
programs;
THE COURSE. AFTER COMPLETING THIS 7. Apply gain skills necessary for the study of advanced
COURSE, THE STUDENTS MUST BE ABLE concepts and techniques in multimedia; 8. Develop skills
involving design, manipulation, and animation; and
TO: 9. Demonstrate the use of animation, digitalized sound, video
control, and scanned images.
1. Attain the vision, mission, goals and objectives of the
university, campus and department; COURSE REQUIREMENTS
2. Deliver a gender fair and gender sensitive instruction to
students aligned with University goals and objectives;
3. Understand the core concepts of multimedia; 4. Learn the
1. Major Examinations
fundamental conceptual skills for effective visual
communication; 2. Student’s Portfolio/Quizzes/Activities
5. Formulate a working definition of interactive multimedia; 3. Class Participation

1
Republic of the Philippines
CAVITE STATE UNIVERSITY
Bacoor City Campus
SHIV, Molino VI, City of Bacoor

MODULE 04: THE NEED FOR IMAGES

After the completion of the unit, students will be able to:

1. understand the importance of image in multimedia applications; and
2. demonstrate different image techniques appropriately.

3. familiarize Adobe Photoshop and Adobe Lightroom Interface; and

4. use Adobe Photoshop and Adobe Lightroom tools appropriately.

IMAGES

2.1 The Need for Images

Multimedia applications should be developed in a more attractive way. Multimedia applications

“come to life” if it has good, useful images.

It is not exciting to just READ. It would be more exciting to SEE pictures that will describe the

subject matter. The image below shows how image can affect the excitement of the people

who will see it.

 Figure 4.1. Text vs Text and Image

2
2.2 Using Image Appropriately

The trick to good multimedia application designs is to match the image with the intended

message or theme. We do not want to use images that are “extra” to the screen. These types

of images are just useless decoration.

In multimedia, knowing how to capture, select and use the right images are essential.

2.3 Where do we Get Images?

There are ways to get images; you can capture it your own or get it from online image

galleries.

Capturing Images (Digital Camera & DSLR)

The only way to capture digital images is with a digital camera.

Point and Shoot. These camera are compact, small and portable, and suitable for casual and

“snapshot” use. Images taken by this camera are stored in JPEG format. Some features of it

are as follows:

▪ Resolution of 3 – 15 megapixels or more

▪ Built-in flash

▪ Memory card slot for external storage

▪ Live preview on an LCD screen to frame the photo

▪ Autofocus, macro, and zoom capability

▪ Self Timer

Digital Camera vs. Film Cameras. Film cameras are also useful, but images would still have to

be processed and scanned to become a digital form. Digital cameras are more advantageous

over film cameras. It displays images on a screen immediately and can store thousands of

images on a single small memory device. It can also preview what has been stored, Delete

images to free storage space and can perform basic image manipulation and editing.

DSLR vs. Point and Shoot. Digital Single-Lens Reflex camera are more expensive, heavier,

and bigger but give better resolution, quality, and focus. SLRs have a faster shutter speed.

3
It does not have much of a delay when clicking several snaps consecutively. SLRs allow you

to change lenses according to what you need to shoot Landscape photos – wide-angle lens,

Pugs and flowers – macro lens, and Animals – telephoto lens. SLRs take high quality photos

even in low lighting (without the flash). Taking pictures is within your control if you use an SLR.

Other Camera Devices

Digital cameras are also incorporated into many other devices today. We can use

webcam, video cameras and mobile phones to capture images.

Transferring Images

Images from a digital camera need to be transferred to the computer so that you can

print them, share them with others, and back them up for safe keeping. There are two

ways to transfer images: via USB Cable or via Memory Card and Memory Card

Reader.

Online Image Galleries

 Online galleries or database provide royalty-free stock photos. Examples are iStockPhoto,

Flickr, and Shutterstock. Royalty-free means that you will pay a one-time to use the image

multiple times for multiple purposes (with limits). No one can have exclusive rights of a

Royalty-free image. The photographer can sell the image as many times as he/she wants.

2.4 Image Editing

Through image editing, photos can be enhanced and manipulated. Below are different image

editing techniques that can be done depending on how you would like your image would look

like.

Straightening

Straightening is about rotating a picture a few degrees to straighten. This will make the picture

more accurate representation of the object.

Figure 4.2. Straightening

Cropping

Cropping refers to the removal of some parts of an image that may be unnecessary or clutter.

It is usually done to improve framing, accentuate the subject matter and change the aspect

ratio.

Figure 4.3. Cropping

Adjusting Brightness and Contrast

Brightness means how much bright or dark an image is while contrast means how sharp or

dull an image is.

Figure 4.4. Adjusting Brightness and Contrast

Removing Red-Eye

Red-eye occurs when the flash is too close to the person. This effect happens mostly in people

who have no “eyeshine” - usually those people with blue, green or gray eyes.

Figure 4.5. Removing Red-Eye

Adjusting Color Modes

Color modes are models that define the colors of the picture. It can be Colored, Grayscale or

Sepia.

Colored Grayscale Sepia

Figure 4.6. Color Modes

Adjusting Saturation

Saturation is defined as the amount of gray in a particular color. A colored image with more

gray is considered less saturated, while a bright colored image, with little gray in it, is

considered highly saturated.

 Ideal Saturation Low Saturation High Saturation Figure 4.7. Adjusting Saturation

6
Adjusting Temperature

The temperature of an image is often a reflection of the lighting. Warm temperature creates an

image that is more yellowish or orange while a cool temperature creates an image that is more

greenish or bluish.

Original Cool temperature Warm Temperature Figure 4.8. Adjusting Temperature

Adjusting Exposure

Low lighting leads to under-exposed picture or very dark pictures. Extreme bright lights can

lead to over-exposed pictures.

Original Under-Exposed Over-Exposed Figure 4.9. Adjusting Exposure

 7
Selective Color Change

This technique shows us that we can change the color on selected portions of an image.

Figure 4.10. Selective Color Change

Blur and Sharpen

Blur and Sharpen effects are also used to accentuate the subject matter among a crowded or

cluttered background.

Figure 4.11. Blur and Sharpen

Photo Manipulation

Adding creative elements to an image like interesting backgrounds, shape, text, and other

images that overlap each other.

Original Manipulated

Figure 5.12. Photo Manipulation

8
2.5 Tips in Editing Images
 ∙ Duplicate the original images first before applying any changes.

∙ Take your time in editing.

∙ Learn editing techniques from experts.

IMAGE EDITING SOFTWARES

3.1 Introduction

Images can be better and can be enhanced using different image editing

software or applications available in your laptops, desktop, or in mobile

phones. One of the best known image editing software is the Adobe

Photoshop.

3.2 Adobe Photoshop

Adobe Photoshop is a raster graphic editor developed and published by Adobe

Inc. available for Windows and macOS. It was originally created in 1988 by

Thomas and John Knoll.

Figure 5.1. Adobe Photoshop Logo

3.2.1 Photoshop Versions

Creative Suite

Photoshop CS was launched in the fall of 2003. It had great improvements in

the user’s control which made it very popular.

9
Photoshop CS, CS2, CS3, CS4, CS5, CS6

Creative Cloud

Starting in June 2013, the Adobe Creative Cloud was launched online. The
program stopped being Photoshop CS (Creative Suite) and became

Photoshop CC (Creative Cloud).

Photoshop CC

5.2.2 Adobe Photoshop Interface

Figure 5.2. Adobe Photoshop Interface (CS6)

The Document Window

The Document window is the large area in the center of the interface where the

image is displayed. It's also where we edit the image. The actual area where

the image is visible is known as the canvas.

Menu Bar

The Menu Bar is where we find various options and commands. For example

the File menu, holds options for opening, saving and closing documents. The

Layer menu lists options for working with layers. Photoshop's many filters are

found under the Filter menu, and so on.

Toolbar

10
Toolbar is also known as toolbox or tools panel. Toolbar holds all of Adobe

Photoshop tools. There are different tools that can be used for editing and

retouching images, for adding text and more.

The Panels

Panels can be found on the right side of the Photoshop’s interface. It holds the

most important panel which is the Layers panel. Layers panel is where we add,
delete, or re-arrange layers in the document.

The Zoom Level and Status Bar

At the bottom left of the interface, the current zoom level is displayed together

with the Status Bar. The status Bar displays the color profile of the image.

5.2.3 Tools and Function

11

Selection Tools
The marquee tools make rectangular, elliptical, single row, and single
column selections.

The Move tool moves selections, layers, and guides.

The lasso tools make freehand, polygonal (straight-edged), and

magnetic (snap-to) selections.

The Quick Selection Tool Makes a selection based on color and texture
similarity when you click or click-drag the area you want to select.
 The Magic Wand tool selects similarly colored areas.
Crop and Slice Tools
The Crop tool trims images.

The Slice tool creates slices.

The Slice Select tool selects slices.

Retouching Tools
The Spot Healing Brush tool removes blemishes and objects.

The Healing Brush tool paints with a sample or pattern to repair

imperfections in a image.

The Patch tool repairs imperfections in a selected area of an image

using a sample or pattern.

12
The Red Eye tool removes the red reflection caused by a flash.

The Clone Stamp tool paints with a sample of an image.

The Pattern Stamp tool paints with part of an image as a pattern.

The Eraser tool erases pixels and restores parts of an image to a

previously saved state

The Background Eraser tool erases areas to transparency by dragging.

 The Magic Eraser tool erases solid-colored areas to transparency with a
single click.

The Blur tool blurs hard edges in an image.

The Sharpen tool sharpens soft edges in an image.

The Smudge tool smudges data in an image.

The Dodge tool lightens areas in an image.

The Burn tool darkens areas in an image.

The Sponge tool changes the color saturation of an area.

Painting Tools

13
The Brush tool paints brush strokes.

The Pencil tool paints hard-edged strokes.

The Color Replacement tool replaces a selected color with a new color

The Mixer Brush tool Simulates realistic painting techniques such as

blending canvas colors and varying paint wetness.

The History Brush tool paints a copy of the selected state or snapshot
into the current image window.

The Art History Brush tool paints with stylized strokes that simulate the
look of different paint styles, using a selected state or snapshot.
 The gradient tools create straight-line, radial, angle, reflected, and
diamond blends between colors.

The Paint Bucket tool fills similarly colored areas with the foreground
color.

Drawing and Type Tools

The path selection tools make shape or segment selections showing
anchor points, direction lines, and direction points.

The type tools create type on an image.

The type mask tools create a selection in the shape of type.

The pen tools let you draw smooth-edged paths.

14
The shape tools and Line tool draw shapes and lines in a normal layer or
a shape layer.

The Custom Shape tool makes customized shapes selected from a

custom shape list.

Navigation, Notes and Measuring Tools

The Hand tool moves an image within its window.

The Rotate View tool non-destructively rotates the canvas.

The Zoom tool magnifies and reduces the view of an image

The Note tool makes notes that can be attached to an image.

 The Eyedropper tool samples colors in an image.

The Color Sampler tool displays color values for up to four areas.

The Ruler tool measures distances, locations, and angles.

The Count tool counts objects in an image.

15
3.3 Adobe Lightroom

It is a photo editing and management computer program developed by Adobe

Systems, designed to assist users in managing large quantities of digital

images and doing post production work.

Lightroom combines photo management and editing in one interface.

Lightroom and Photoshop share many of the same photo editing capabilities

but with very different strengths.

Lightroom's closest competitor is Apple's Aperture program which similarly

provides photo management and non-destructive editing capabilities.

Figure 5.3. Adobe Lightroom Logo

3.3.1 Adobe Lightroom Interface

Figure 5.4. Adobe Lightroom Interface

16
Title Bar

The Title Bar shows the name of the current catalog, along with the standard

window buttons. If it goes missing, along with the minimize/maximize/close

buttons, press Shift-F once or twice to cancel the Full Screen modes.

Identity Plate

The Identity Plate allows you to add your own branding to your catalogs. You’ll

find the settings under the Edit menu (Windows) / Lightroom menu (Mac) >

Identity Plate Setup.

Panels

Panels can be opened and closed by clicking on the panel header. If you right-

click on the panel header, you can show/hide specific panels. In that right-click

menu you’ll also find Solo Mode, which automatically closes a panel when you

open another panel in the same panel group. It’s particularly useful when

working on a small screen.

Show/Hide Panel Groups

The left and right hand sides are called panel groups.

If you click on the black bars along the outer edges of the screen, you can

show/hide the left/right panel groups, as well as the Module Picker and the

Filmstrip. Right-clicking on the black bars gives additional options

Breadcrumb Bar

The breadcrumb bar has controls for the secondary window, as well as

information about the selected source folder or collection, the number of

photos in the current view and the number of selected photos. If you click on it,

there’s a list of recent sources for easy access.

Module Picker

The Module Picker gives you access to the Library, Develop, Map, Book,

Slideshow, Print and Web modules. The selected module is highlighted, and

17
you can click on another module name to switch modules. If you right-click on

a module name, you can hide modules from view.

Filter Bar

When viewing Grid view, the Filter Bar will appear above the thumbnails. It

allows you to filter the current view to only show photos meeting your chosen

criteria. If it goes missing, press the \ key on your keyboard. You can also

access frequently used filters by clicking the word Filter on the Filmstrip.

Preview Area

The central area of the screen is the Preview Area or main work area.

Toolbar

The Toolbar gives easy access to often used tools. Press T on your keyboard

if it goes missing, and click on the arrow at the right hand end to choose which

tools show in the Toolbar.

Filmstrip

The Filmstrip is available in all modules and shows the set of photos you’re

currently viewing. When you select a different photo in the Filmstrip, the main

Preview Area will be updated too.

3.3.2 Sidebar Shortcuts

G = Grid View
E = Loupe View
C = Compare View
N = Survey View
Tab = Show/Hide Side Panels
Shift+Tab = Show/Hide AllPanels
Shift+F = Full Screen Mode
T = Show/Hide Toolbar
\ = Show/Hide Filter Bar

18