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Lab8 Image Enhancement

This laboratory session teaches students how to perform basic image enhancement techniques on Landsat satellite imagery, including level slicing to identify water and land features, band ratioing to enhance vegetation, calculating the NDVI index, and applying image filters. The objective is for students to understand and apply these techniques to enhance image interpretation. Students are assigned homework practicing the techniques and comparing the output results.

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45 views

Lab8 Image Enhancement

This laboratory session teaches students how to perform basic image enhancement techniques on Landsat satellite imagery, including level slicing to identify water and land features, band ratioing to enhance vegetation, calculating the NDVI index, and applying image filters. The objective is for students to understand and apply these techniques to enhance image interpretation. Students are assigned homework practicing the techniques and comparing the output results.

Uploaded by

MuhdFikri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lab 8:

Image Enhancement
youtube link: https://youtu.be/Uo2521vu7X8

Laboratory Practical
GLS 612
REMOTE SENSING

Nor Aizam Adnan, Ph.D


Ainon Nisa Othman, Ph.D
Sr Pauziyah Mohammad Salim
Sr Noraain Mohamed Saraf
Sr Nurhanisah Hashim
Nafisah Khalid, Ph.D
Nurul Amirah Isa
CONTENTS

1. What is Image Enhancement?


2. Today’s Objective
3. How to do
4. Homework and Questions
What is Image Enhancement?
• Image enhancement is a process to enhance the image visual and
interpretability.

• Enhancements are used to make it easier for visual interpretation


and understanding of imagery.

• The advantage of digital imagery is that it allows us to manipulate


the digital pixel values in an image which enables the analyst to
enhance several features in the image.

• Image enhancement technique:


1) Level Slice/Density Slice
2) Band Ratioing
3) Image Indices
4) Image Filtering
What is Image Enhancement?
Samples of image enhancement outputs:
Today’s Objective
• To perform image enhancement onto two different
images processed from the previous laboratory
session.

• At the end of this laboratory session, the students


should be able to understand and perform simple
image enhancement techniques.

• Students should be able to:


i. Part 1: Perform Level Slice/Density Slice technique
ii. Part 2: Perform Band Ratioing
iii. Part 3: Perform Image Indices
iv. Part 4: Image Filtering
How to do
Datasets to be used

Landsat Images (sensor by US):


Landsat 5 TM

Choose only 1 year satellite image


How to do (Part 1)
Launch Erdas Imagine 2013 and load the image
• Launch Erdas Imagine and load Band 4 for the first image onto a 2D Viewer.
How to do (Part 1)
Open the attribute table as well as metadata
• To open the attribute of the image, right click on the image list in “Contents” and select
“Display Attribute Table”.
How to do (Part 1)
Open the attribute table as well as metadata
• Click on “Metadata” icon to display the image information.

Attribute Table
How to do (Part 1)
Examine the histogram
• Go to “Histogram” tab. Notice that there are two peaks which indicate there are two
features in Band 4.
• Note down the minimum and maximum value of each peak (roughly).

Feature 2

Feature 1
How to do (Part 1)
Examine the histogram
• Let say, the minimum and maximum value of Band 4 are 4 and 16 respectively. According to the
minimum and maximum value of Band 4, hightlight the number in the attribute table below.
• Change the colour. Right click on the “Colour” column and select desired colour.
How to do (Part 1)
Examine the changes
• It is found that, the first feature is water body features.
• Next, apply the same technique on the other feature (s).
• Close and save the edits on the attribute table.
How to do (Part 2)
Launch Erdas Imagine and load the image
• Launch Erdas Imagine and the first image using R, G, and B combination as 4, 5, and 3
respectively with “No Stretch”.
How to do (Part 2)
Perform Band Ratioing Technique
• Go to Raster tab – Function – Two Image Functions.

• Insert the inputs and settings as follows:


How to do (Part 2)
Perform Band Ratioing Technique
• Examine the output image.
How to do (Part 3)
Launch Erdas Imagine and load the image
• Launch Erdas Imagine and load Band 4 for the first image onto the viewer.
How to do (Part 3)
Perform Image Indices Technique
• Go to Raster – Unsupervised – NDVI. NDVI is one of the image indices which are
commonly used for remote sensing purposes.
• Insert the inputs as the following:

Make sure the


NIR and Red
Band are
correctly
selected
(checked)
How to do (Part 3)
Perform Image Indices Technique
• Examine the output.
How to do (Part 4)
Perform Image Filtering Technique
• Go to Raster tab – Spatial – Convolution to launch the image filter tool.
How to do (Part 4)
Perform Image Filtering Technique
• Insert the inputs and setting as follows:
How to do (Part 4)
Perform Image Filtering Technique
• Examine the output.
Homework and Questions
Level Slice/Density Slice:
• What is the range of pixel value for water body features?
• What is the range of pixel value for land features?

Band Ratioing:
• Apply the following ratios using the same technique:
i. Band 5/Band 1
ii. Band 2/Band 5
• Which ratio enhance vegetation features on the image?

Image Indices:
• What is the range of NDVI values obtained by the image?
• What are the other indices offered by the software?

Image Filtering:
• Perform 3x3 and 7x7 low pass filter as well as high pass filter on the image.
• Compare and comment on the outputs.

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