Tajweed

A course on the recitation of the Holy Quran

Qari Zuhair Hussaini

Week 4 | September 7, 2019

 Tajweed Course Guidelines
•  The primary goal for this 5-week course is to give students a taste of
Tajweed and the rules pertaining to the recitation of the Holy Quran

•  Take your time to review the material as much as you need in order
to absorb and understand it. Everyone will learn at a different pace.

•  This class is a tool to perfect your recitation of the Holy Quran but
nothing is better than a one on one instructor.

•  Practice the recitation of the Holy Qur’an with the following reciters:
•  Mahmoud Khalil Al-Hussary
•  Abdul Basit ‘Abd us-Samad
•  Sheikh Siddiq El-Minshawi
 ‫ نَوِّرُوا‬:)َ‫قالَ رَسُولُ اللّهِ (صَلَّى اللّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَسَلَّم‬
‫بُيُوتَكُمْ بِتِلاوَةِ الْقُرآنِ وَ لا تَتَّخِذُوها قُبُوراً كَما‬
.‫فَعَلَتِ الْيَهُودُ وَ النَّصارى‬
The Messenger of Allah (blessings of Allah be upon him and his family) has
said: “Brighten up your houses through the recitation of the Qur’an, and do not
make them (your homes) like graves, similar to what the Jews and Christians
have done (by not performing the prayers and worship of God in their house
and limiting this to the Synagogues and Churches).”

Al Kafi, Volume 2, Page 610

 Rules for Madd
The word Madd means to elongate something. In the science if Tajweed it refers to

any vowel that is longer than the duration of one count or Harakah. The Harakaat
can range between 2 to 6 counts depending on the type of Madd.

Madd Tabi’i Madd al-Silah

Madd Munfasil & Muttasil Madd Arid

Madd Lazim Madd Lin

 Madd Tabi’i

If a long vowel is followed by neither a ‫ ء‬nor a letter with a sukun, it is referred to as
Madd Tabi’I, or a natural elongation.

•  Not followed by a ‫ ء‬
•  Letter has a Sukoon =
2 Harakaat/counts
(Elongation)
Examples:

َ‫قَال‬ ُ‫يَقُول‬ َ‫قِيل‬ ‫ققُلنَا‬

 Madd Muttasil and Munfasil
If a long vowel is followed by neither a ‫ ء‬, then there are two likely scenarios:
Within a Single Word Muttasil = (4-6 Harakah)

Followed by a ‫ ء‬

Across 2 Words Munfasil = (2-5 Harakah)

Madd Muttasil:

‫هَنِيئًا‬ ‫قُرُوء‬ ‫السَّمَاء‬

Madd Munfasil:

ْ‫فِي أَنفُسَكُم‬ ْ‫قُوا أَنفُسَكُم‬ ُ‫إِنَّا أَنزَلْنَاه‬

Madd Lazim
An original Sukoon is positioned after a Madd letter, be it in a word or letter.
Madd Lazim

Madd Lazim Kalimee Madd Lazim Harfee

Obligatory Madd present in a word Obligatory Madd present in a letter

Madd Lazim Madd Lazim Madd Lazim Madd Lazim

Kalimee Kalimee Harfee Harfee
Muthaqqal Mukhaffaf Muthaqqal Mukhaffaf
 Madd Lazim
Kalimee Muthaqqal

A Madd that is present in a word and followed by a Mushaddad Letter. In this case
the reader is required to prolong the Madd letter for 6 counts or harakaat.

Examples:

ُ‫الصَّاخَّة‬ ُ‫الطَّامَّة‬
 Madd Lazim
Kalimee Mukhaffaf

A Madd that is present in a word and followed by a Sakin Letter. In this case the
reader is required to prolong the Madd letter for 6 counts or harakaat.

Only one example in the Holy Quran:

َ‫ءَآلْئَـن‬
 Madd Lazim
Harfee Muthaqqal

the reader is required to prolong the Madd letter for 6 counts or harakaat.
Examples:

A Madd that is present in a letter and followed by a Mushaddad Letter. In this case

6 harakat

ْ‫أَلف لَــام مِّـيـمْ صَـاد‬ ‫املص‬

6 harakat

ْ‫أَلف لَــام مِّـيـمْ رَا‬ ‫املر‬

6 harakat

ْ‫أَلف لَــام مِّـيـم‬ ‫الم‬

 Madd Lazim
Harfee Mufakhhaf

reader is required to prolong the Madd letter for 6 counts or harakaat.

Examples:

A Madd that is present in a letter and followed by a Sakin Letter. In this case the

ْ‫كَـافْ هَـا يَـا عَـيْـن صَـاد‬ ‫كهيعص‬

6 harakat
Madd al-Silah
This Madd relates to the singular masculine pronoun ‫ ه‬on the right. This Madd relates to
it being attached or connected to the word and this is where the word Silah comes from.
This Madd occurs whenever the pronoun ‫ ه‬is preceded by a letter with a Harakah. When
this happens, you stretch the ‫ ه‬using either a ‫ و‬or ‫ ي‬depending on whether the Harakah on
the ‫ ه‬is a dhamma or kasra. The amount you stretch it is dependent on whether it is
followed or not followed by a ‫ ء‬in the next word.

Al Silah al Sughra
Not followed by a Hamzah
If ‫ ه‬is preceded 2 Harakaat
by a letter with
a Harakah
Al Silah al Kubra
Followed by a Hamzah
2-5 Harakaat
 Madd al-Silah
Al Silah al Sughra
) Harakah, not followed by a Hamza (2 Harakat ‫ ه‬
Harakah, not followed by a Hamza (2 Harakat

Examples:

‫وَرَ آوءَهُ وَ هُوَ احلَْق‬

‫مِن فَوْقِهِ سَحَاب‬

 Madd al-Silah
Al Silah al Kubra
) Harakah, followed by a Hamza (2-5 Harakat ‫ ه‬
Harakah, followed by a Hamza (2-5 Harakat

Examples:

‫وَ لَهُ أَخ‬

‫و‬

‫وَ مِنْ ءَايَاتِهِ أَن‬

 Madd Arid
This Madd occurs at the end of an Ayah when a reciter places a temporary sukoon on the
last letter of the last word to stop. The letter before the temporary sukoon must be a
letter of Madd. In this case the reciter has the option to elongate for 2, 4, or 6 Harakaat.

Examples:

َ‫احلَْمْدُ لِلَّـهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِين‬

ِ‫الرَّحْمَـٰنِ الرَّحِمي‬
ِ‫لَكُمْ دِينُكُمْ وَلِيَ دِين‬
 Madd Lin
Whenever a ‫ و‬or ‫ ي‬has a sukoon and is preceded by a fathah, a Madd Lin occurs.

This is also known as a soft madd. The beginning of the sound sounds like a fathah
but then ends as a ‫ و‬or ‫ي‬. One can hold this between 2 to 6 harakaat.

Examples:

ِ‫الصَّيْف‬ ‫خَوْف‬ ‫ْت‬

ِ ‫أَهْلَ الْبَي‬
Let’s Recite!

Surah Hujuraat
Questions?