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    Gases 1

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    Jaymark Ligcuban
    Let n = number of moles V = volume of gas R = 0.0821 L-atm/K-mol T = 0 degree C = 273 K P = 1 atm Using the ideal gas law: PV = nRT n = PV/RT n = (10L)(1atm)/(0.0821 L-atm/K-mol)(273K) n = 0.446 mol So the number of moles is 0.446 mol

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    Gases 1

    Uploaded by

    Jaymark Ligcuban
    24 views27 pages
    Let n = number of moles V = volume of gas R = 0.0821 L-atm/K-mol T = 0 degree C = 273 K P = 1 atm Using the ideal gas law: PV = nRT n = PV/RT n = (10L)(1atm)/(0.0821 L-atm/K-mol)(273K) n = 0.446 mol So the number of moles is 0.446 mol

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    Gases-1

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    Let n = number of moles V = volume of gas R = 0.0821 L-atm/K-mol T = 0 degree C = 273 K P = 1 atm Using the ideal gas law: PV = nRT n = PV/RT n = (10L)(1atm)/(0.0821 L-atm/K-mol)(273K) n = 0.446 mol So the number of moles is 0.446 mol

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    24 views27 pages

    Gases 1

    Uploaded by

    Jaymark Ligcuban
    Let n = number of moles V = volume of gas R = 0.0821 L-atm/K-mol T = 0 degree C = 273 K P = 1 atm Using the ideal gas law: PV = nRT n = PV/RT n = (10L)(1atm)/(0.0821 L-atm/K-mol)(273K) n = 0.446 mol So the number of moles is 0.446 mol

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
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    Gases I

    Physical States of Matter, Unit of Pressure, Boyles Law, Charles


    Law, Gay Lussac’s Law, Combined Gas Law, Avogadro’s Law
    Overview of the Physical States of
    Matter
    1.Gas volume changes greatly with pressure
    2.Gas volume changes greatly with
    temperature
    3.Gases have relatively low viscosity
    4.Most gases have relatively low densities on
    normal conditions
    5.Gases are miscible
    Pressure
    -force exerted per unit surface area

    Unit of Pressure
    Newton (N), Pascal (Pa)

    Standard Atmosphere (atm)


    1atm=101.325 Kilopascal(kPa)=
    1.01325X105 Pa
    Common Units of Pressure
    Unit Equivalent to 1atm

    Pascal (Pa) 1.01325X105 Pa


    Kilopascal (kPa) 101.325 kPa
    Atmosphere (atm) 1 atm

    Millimeters of mercury (mmHg) 760 mmHg

    Torr 760 torr

    Pounds per square inch (psi) 14.7 psi

    Bar 1.01325 bar


    Gas Laws
    The Four Variables

    Pressure (P)
    Volume (V)
    Temperature (T)
    Number of moles (n)
    Boyle’s Law
    • -relationship between volume and
    pressure
    • -volume of gas is inversely related to its
    pressure
    Applications
    1. Automobile Engines
    -upward motion of piston reduces volume of gas
    and increase the pressure.
    Applications
    • Medical Respirators
    -Slight increase in volume of iron lung reduces
    the pressure
    Applications
    Syringe
    -plunger drawn back increase in volume creates
    low pressure (vaccum)
    Sample Problem 1

    •A sample of oxygen gas has a


    volume of 8.0L and a pressure of
    1.0atm, what is the new pressure in
    torr if the volume is decreased to
    2.0L?
    Sample Problem 2

    •A sample of oxygen gas has a


    volume of 20L at 740mmHg. What will
    be the volume of gas at 2.00atm if
    the temperature is constant?
    Sample Problem 3
    • A gas sample occupies a volume of 2.5L
    at a pressure of 1.5 atm. What would be
    the volume of the gas if its pressure is
    reduced to 1 atm at same temperature?
    Sample Problem 4

    •The gas inside a balloon has a


    volume of 15L and pressure of 2
    atm. Calculate the pressure of the
    gas if its volume is compressed to
    10L at the same temperature.
    Charle’s Law
    • -relationship between volume and
    temperature
    • -volume of gas is directly proportional to
    Kelvin temperature and constant
    pressure
    Sample Problem 5

    •A sample of neon gas at 760 mmHg


    has a volume of 10.0L and a
    temperature of 34 degree C, find the
    new volume of the gas after the
    temperature has been increased to
    75 degree C at 760 Torr.
    Sample Problem 6

    •At 30 degree C, the volume of a


    sample of air was 5.8L. What would
    be the volume of the air sample if it is
    heated at 60 degree C at the same
    pressure?
    Sample Problem 7

    •A given amount of oxygen has a


    volume of 25.0L at a temperature of
    37 degree C and a pressure of 1 atm,
    at what temperature would this gas
    occupy a volume of 22L at a
    pressure of 1.0atm?
    Gay Lussac’s Law
    • -relationship between temperature and
    pressure
    • -states that the pressure of gas is directly
    related to its Kelvin temperature
    Sample Problem 8
    • Aerosol cans can be dangerous when they are
    heated because they can explode, suppose a can
    of insecticide with a pressure of 4.0atm at room
    temperature (28 degree C) is thrown into a fire. If
    the temperature of the gas inside the can reaches
    400 degree C, what will be its pressure?
    • Would you expect the can to explode if the
    maximum safe pressure is 8.0atm?
    Sample Problem 9
    • A fire extinguisher has a pressure of
    150psi at 35 degree C, what is the
    pressure in atmosphere if the fire
    extinguisher is used at a temperature of
    80 degree C?
    Application
    -when the pressure increases, the boiling point
    also increases.
    -most of the steams are trapped and water boils
    at higher temperature.
    Combined Gas Law
    • -reference point for gases is 0 degree
    Celsius and 1 atm pressure (standard
    temperature and pressure)
    • -enables to directly solve for change in
    pressure, volume or temperature
    Sample Problem 10
    • A 30mL bubble is released from a divers
    air tank at a pressure of 4.50 atm and
    temperature of 15 degree C, what is the
    volume of the bubble when it reaches
    the ocean surface? Where the pressure
    is 1 atm and the temperature is 20
    degree C.
    Sample Problem 11
    • A weather balloon is filled with 16L of
    helium at a temperature of 26 degree C
    and a pressure of 700mmHg. What is the
    pressure of the helium in the balloon in
    the upper atmosphere when the
    temperature is – 33 degree C and the
    volume becomes 35L?
    Avogadro’s Law
    • -relationship between volume and moles
    • -properties of a gas change when there
    is a change in number of moles or grams
    • -volume of 1mol of gas at 0 degree C,
    1atm=22.4L
    Sample Problem 12
    • A balloon containing 2.00 moles of
    helium with a volume of 880mL. What is
    the new volume after 6.00 moles of
    helium are added to the balloon at the
    same temperature and pressure?
    Sample Problem 13
    • The volume of a gas sample at 0 degree C and 1
    atm is 10L. How many moles of gas are contained
    in the sample?

    • 1mol gas, 0 degree C, 1 atm= 22.40L

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