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    Sai sasindhar Malapati
    Underground longwall mining involves extracting an entire wall of coal in a single slice from a panel that is 3-4 km long and 250-400 m wide. The coal is undercut along the face and allowed to fall onto a conveyor belt as the roof collapses behind. Longwall mining has high productivity and recovery rates but requires high capital investment and can cause significant subsidence at the surface.

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    Underground longwall mining involves extracting an entire wall of coal in a single slice from a panel that is 3-4 km long and 250-400 m wide. The coal is undercut along the face and allowed to fall onto a conveyor belt as the roof collapses behind. Longwall mining has high productivity and recovery rates but requires high capital investment and can cause significant subsidence at the surface.

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    Underground longwall mining involves extracting an entire wall of coal in a single slice from a panel that is 3-4 km long and 250-400 m wide. The coal is undercut along the face and allowed to fall onto a conveyor belt as the roof collapses behind. Longwall mining has high productivity and recovery rates but requires high capital investment and can cause significant subsidence at the surface.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    25 views5 pages

    Document ENV

    Uploaded by

    Sai sasindhar Malapati
    Underground longwall mining involves extracting an entire wall of coal in a single slice from a panel that is 3-4 km long and 250-400 m wide. The coal is undercut along the face and allowed to fall onto a conveyor belt as the roof collapses behind. Longwall mining has high productivity and recovery rates but requires high capital investment and can cause significant subsidence at the surface.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 5

    INTRODUCTION

    Underground mining is the process of extracting materials from beneath


    the surface using various underground methods. As underground mining
    is a vast field of expertise and has different techniques employed, it is
    necessary to be aware of the potential dangers before embarking upon it.
    Underground mining usually involves the digging of subversive tunnels
    and rooms below ground surface. Underground mining is more
    expensive than surface mining and can be dangerous. This kind of
    mining is only used in areas where quality ore, such as gold, are
    concentrated in thin veins and other remarkably rich deposits.
    Underground mines can also be excavated underwater, which is a
    significant advantage over surface mines.
    LONGWALL MINING

    Longwall mining is a form of underground coal


    mining where a long wall of coal is mined in a single slice (typically
    0.6–6.0 m (2 ft 0 in – 19 ft 8 in) thick). The longwall panel (the block
    of coal that is being mined) is typically 3–4 km (1.9–2.5 mi) long (but
    can be upto 7.5 km (4.7 mi) long) and 250–400 m (820–1,310 ft)
    wide.
    The basic idea of longwall mining was developed in England in the late
    17th century. Miners undercut the coal along the width of the coal face,
    removing coal as it fell, and used wooden props to control the fall of the
    roof behind the face. This was known as the Shropshire method of
    mining.[1] While the technology has changed considerably, the basic idea
    remains the same, to remove essentially all of the coal from a broad coal
    face and allow the roof and overlying rock to collapse into the void
    behind, while maintaining a safe working space along the face for the
    miners.
    Starting around 1900, mechanization was applied to this method. By
    1940, some referred to longwall mining as "the conveyor method" of
    mining, after the most prominent piece of machinery involved.[2] Unlike
    earlier longwall mining, the use of a conveyor belt parallel to the coal
    face forced the face to be developed along a straight line. The only other
    machinery used was an electric cutter to undercut the coal face and
    electric drills for blasting to drop the face. Once dropped, manual labor
    was used to load coal on to the conveyor parallel to the face and to place
    wooden roof props to control the fall of the roof.
    ADVANTAGES OF LONGWALL MINING

    1. Low operating cost


    2. High productivity
    3. High recovery
    4. Low dilution
    5. High production rate
    6. High mechanization
    7. Continuous method

    DISADVANTAGES OF LONGWALL MINING

    1.High Capital investment


    2.High Development
    3.Low selectivity
    4.High subsidence
    5.Low flexibility

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