Forces and Newton's Laws Questions

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Year 12 IB Physics
Forces and Newton’s Laws Questions
1. The lengths of the sides of a rectangular plate are measured, and the diagram shows the
measured values with their uncertainties.
Which of the following is the best estimate of the percentage uncertainty in the calculated area
of the plate?
A. ±2%
B. ±4 %
C. ±6%
D. ±8 %
M02.H1.01
2. A body on a smooth horizontal surface is attached to three spring scales P, Q and R as
shown below. The body is in equilibrium with the scales pulling on it at the angles shown.
How do the magnitudes of the force readings FP , FQ and FR on the scales compare?
A. FP = FQ = FR
B. FR > FP = FQ
C. FR < FP = FQ
D. FP + FQ = FR
M02.H1.03
3. A block is at rest on a rough incline as shown.
The frictional force acting on the block along the incline is

A. zero.
B. equal to the weight of the block.
C. greater than the weight of the block.
D. less than the weight of the block.
M04.H1.04
4. A car collides with a more massive truck.
During the collision, each vehicle exerts a force on the other. How do the magnitudes of these
forces compare?
A. The forces cannot be compared without knowing how the initial speeds compare.
B. The magnitudes of the forces are equal.
C. The force exerted by the truck is the greater.
D. The force exerted by the car is the greater.
M02.H1.11
5. Two unequal masses M and m are connected by a light cord passing over a pulley of
negligible mass. When released, the system accelerates.
Ignoring friction, which figure below best shows the correct free-body force diagrams for the
two masses in the moving system?
M02.H1.13
6. Figure 1 shows a rock climber abseiling down a rock face. At the instant shown the
climber is stationary and in equilibrium. The forces acting on the climber are shown in
Figure 1.
The tension in the rope is 610 N and it acts at 20 to the vertical. The weight of the climber is
590 N. Calculate the vertical component of the reaction force, FR, between the feet of the
climber and the rock. [3]
AQA-PHYB2-Jun09#3
7. The graph shows the variation in the horizontal force acting on a tennis ball with time
whilst the ball is being served.
(a) (i) Use the graph to show that the magnitude of the impulse that acts on the tennis ball is
about 1.3 N s. [2]
(ii) The mass of the tennis ball is 0.057 kg. Show that the impulse in part (a)(i) gives the ball a
speed of about 20 ms-1 horizontally as the ball leaves the racquet. Assume that the ball had no
horizontal speed before the impulse was applied. [2]
(b) During flight the ball accelerates due to gravity. When it reaches the ground the vertical
component of the velocity is 6.1 ms-1. Calculate the speed and the angle between the
direction of travel of the ball and the horizontal as it reaches the ground.
Assume that air resistance is negligible. [3]
AQA-PHYB2-Jun09#11
8. In a diving event at the Olympic games, the centre of mass of a diver falls 10 m before
reaching the water.
(a) Show that the diver’s speed when she reaches the water is about 14ms-1. [2]
(b) (i) On entering the water the vertical speed of the diver of mass 45 kg is reduced to zero in
0.54 s with uniform deceleration. Calculate the resultant force that produces this vertical
deceleration. [2]
(ii) Describe two ways in which the decelerating force is exerted on the diver.
first way
second way
AQA-PHYB2-Jan09#2
9. Figure 8 shows a car that travels down a hill of constant slope with the engine turned off.
The slope is inclined at 9° to the horizontal.
(a) The total mass of the car is 1200 kg.

(i) Show that a force of about 1.8 kN acts down the slope due to the weight of the car. [2]
(ii) The car is travelling at a constant speed down the hill. State the magnitude and direction
of the resistive force acting on the car. [2]
(b) The car reaches the end of the slope and moves onto a horizontal road at point A on
Figure 8. The speed of the car at point A is 18 ms-1. Assume that the resistive force does not
change from its value in part (a)(ii). Calculate the time that elapses, after passing point A,
before the car stops. [4]
(c) A similar car travels down the hill and collides with a crash barrier. Explain how the
designers of the car and crash barrier use a knowledge of physics to reduce the risk to the
occupants of the car in such a collision. [4]
AQA-PHYB2-Jun10#10

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The frictional force acting on the block along the incline is

(a) The total mass of the car is 1200 kg.

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