Engine Access Ramp
Engine Access Ramp
Engine Access Ramp
Module 4
OBJECTIVES:
Upon completion of this module the student will be able to:
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Table of Contents
Topic Page
INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................1
TWO VARIANTS OF ENGINE ACCESS RAMP........................................................1
NEW SERVICES IN THE NEAR FUTURE ................................................................2
MAIN HARDWARE STRUCTURE............................................................................3
V5 INTERFACE ......................................................................................................5
ACCESS UNITS .....................................................................................................6
CONNECTION OF ISDN-PRA .................................................................................7
AUS, ACCESS UNIT SWITCH.................................................................................8
AUS NETWORK ................................................................................................... 10
EMRP RING......................................................................................................... 11
TEST UNIT (TAU)................................................................................................. 12
EQUIPMENT IN THE LOCAL EXCHANGE............................................................. 14
IMPROVED CHARACTERISTICS.......................................................................... 15
REDUCED FOOTPRINT....................................................................................... 15
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INTRODUCTION
A part of Ericsson’s Multi-Service Network that gives multiple
services, like the Internet, telephony, video, data and mobile
services is the ENGINE Access Ramp even denoted as Access
910. The Access Ramp is the product that gives the "subscriber"
access to this network, and it offers both narowband and
broadband access.
Local Exchange
(any type supporting V5)
ENGINE Access Ramp Transport
V5 Interface Network
VDSL
POTS
ISDN
?
We will now leave the hardware for a while and focus on the
structure of the system. Figure 4.3 shows the hardware structure.
Management
System
ENGINE Access Ramp
PSTN
AU
PSTN
ISDN-PRA AUS
AU
ISDN-BA
PSTN
AU
PSTN
2 Mbit/s
ADSL AUS > 2 Mbit/s
NT Filter AU
ADSL
The Access Units (AU) are line boards, Line Interface Boards in
the context of SSS5. The AUs differ in size and capacity.
Different access units are used to deliver different types of
services (e.g. POTS, ISDN-BA, HDSL or ADSL). For test of
both the narowband AUs and the subscriber lines, there is a test
unit referred to as TAU. TAU stands for Test, Maintenance and
Administration Unit. The TAU corresponds to the SLCT in the
old SSS5 structure. The number of subscribers per TAU is
determined by the intensity of subscriber line test.
V5 INTERFACE
It was mentioned earlier that the V5 interface is used in one
variant of ENGINE Access Ramp. In fact, it is used in both
variants:
V5.1
T. 16
AU GS
T. 16 ETC
ETC
AU
AUS RPG
CP-A CP-B
ENGINE
Access
Ramp
Any type of exchange
supporting V5.2
V5.2
Xxxx
Management
ACCESS UNITS
The general term "access unit" is used to denote all types of
accesses that can be used in ENGINE Access Ramp. Different
access units will be developed for different types of narrowband
and broadband applications. Today, there are two main variants
for narowband:
V5.1
Line
Interface Data
AU Control
(processor)
Power - 48V
CONNECTION OF ISDN-PRA
Each AUS, Access Unit Switch, contains a large number of ET
circuits for connection of 2 Mbit/s E1 links. Instead of
connecting an AU board, the ET circuit can connect an ISDN
PRA connection. The PRA connection is made via a standard
E1 link of 2 Mbit/s. The functionality will be in accordance with
the ETSI standard. Please study figure 4.7.
MDF
AU AUS
ET ET
ET
DDF
ISDN-PRA ET
2.048 Mbit/s
ET
Clock
Sync. ring
ET ET
To Local
ET Exchange
To AU
or ET
PRA Switch and ET
attenuation
AUS
ET Network
HDLC DTMF
To TAU ET pool tones ET
EMRP-I
“EMRPB”
To ASC Ethernet STR
EMRP
“DEVCB”
V24
KR ET TSW V24 STCON
Figure 4-8 The main parts of the AUS, Access Unit Switch
• Switch
The switch handles 1024 channels of 64 kbit/s each. The switch
can also attenuate the speech samples.
• Clock
One AUS in the access node is master and all other clocks in the
node follow the clock of the master. Another AUS has a clock
which acts as stand-by master in case of failure. The timing
information is distributed via a separate, duplicated, bus in the
backplane of the AUS subrack. The hardware is a VCXO,
Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator, delivering 16,384 Mhz.
• HDLC pool
The HDLC circuit is a data communication circuit (high-level
data link control) and it is integrated in the microprocessor. The
hardware can handle 32 HDLC channels and they will be used
for STC-STR communication (for the proprietary variant), AUS
interwork via the AUS network, and V5.1
communication/concentration. In the case of standalone traffic,
the V5.1 signalling links are terminated in the HDLC circuits.
• DTMF tones
This hardware, that is used to receive DTMF tones, is based
upon a DSP, digital signal processor. This hardware has the
capacity to handle 32 devices (KRC devices). As well as
receiving tones, it also generates them. New tones can be
generated without changing the hardware.
Serial interface
The AUS has two V.24/V.28 ports for connecting the local
debugger and a portable terminal (PC).
AUS NETWORK
The AUS network is a common name for two separate
functions. One function, which replaces the EMRP bus in the
old SSS5 structure, is for EMRP-I communication. The other
function, which replaces the Time Switch Bus, TSB, in the old
SSS5 structure, is for local connections and overflow traffic
AU
AUS
AU
AU
AUS To Local
Exchange
AU
AUS Network
AU
AUS
AU
Figure 4-9 AUS in one access node, and the AUS network
EMRP RING
The EMRP ring is the name for the function replacing the
EMRP bus. It is used for EMRP-EMRP communication and
uses standard 2 Mbit/s links. It is built as a ring because security
and information can be sent in both directions on the ring. If one
part of the ring becomes faulty, the ring can still handle
signalling between all connected EMRPs. Figure 4.10 illustrates
the principle, with 6 AUSs in the subrack.
AUS AUS
AUS AUS
AUS AUS
Faulty link
AUS AUS
AUS AUS
AUS AUS
The 31 channels on the EMRP ring are not fully used for EMRP
communications. The EMRP ring will probably need 4 time
slots to have the same capacity as the EMRP bus in the old
SSS5. Remaining channels can be used by the Mesh network
(see next module).
Mesh Network
The Mesh network will replace the Time Switch Bus in the
SSS5 structure and will consequently be used for calls. The
Mesh network will also be implemented by standard 2 Mbit/s
links and all AUSs will be connected to each other. That is why
it is referred to as a Mesh network. Figure 4.11 shows some
examples of configurations with 3 to 6 AUS in one subrack.
3 AUS 4 AUS
5 AUS 6 AUS
Please note that the optional spare AUS is not shown in the
figure 4.11.
The TAU can measure the subscriber line as well as test the line
circuit by means of simulated subscriber actions such as on and
off hook.
AU
Test Access
LIC
AUS
ET Switch
LIC ET
TAU
ET
Test Head ET
V3
To/from PRA ETC RPG PRA
V5
To/from AU ETC RPG AU V5
ICS
To/from TAU ETC RPG TAU
ETC
To/from STR
RPG STC-STR
in AUS
ETC
Group
Switch
RPB
CP-A CP-B
IMPROVED CHARACTERISTICS
A large number of important improvements, relative to SSS5,
have been made in the design of ENGINE Access Ramp . All
figures and comparisons in the following list have been made in
relation to the old SSS5 structure. The list contains the most
important changes in characteristics; a complete list of all small
changes and improvements cannot be made here.
REDUCED FOOTPRINT
If compared with the old SSS5 structure, a reduction of footprint
with a factor of 2.6 is achieved. The number of subscribers per
node and the number of subscribers per subrack (magazine) is
more in detail described in module 3. Figure 4.14 shows an
example of a comparison.
720
Traffic Characteristics
The AUS Network has better traffic capacity than the old TSB,
time switch bus. This makes the ENGINE Access Ramp less
sensitive to uneven traffic loads.
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