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3-Arrays and Matrix Definition and Operations 9-3-2022

Here are the roots for the polynomials: a. roots([7 -3 3 -8 4]) b. roots([-7 3 -3 8 -4]) c. roots([7 3 -3 8 -4]) d. roots([7 3 3 -8 -4])

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40 views10 pages

3-Arrays and Matrix Definition and Operations 9-3-2022

Here are the roots for the polynomials: a. roots([7 -3 3 -8 4]) b. roots([-7 3 -3 8 -4]) c. roots([7 3 -3 8 -4]) d. roots([7 3 3 -8 -4])

Uploaded by

Nour
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Arrays and Matrix

Operations
Dr. Emile M. Al-Mayah
Biochemical Engineering Department
Al-Khwarizmi College of Engineering
University of Baghdad
ARRAYS AND MATRIX
DEFINITION & OPERATION
OBJECTIVES

After this lecture the student will be able to;

• Perform the basic operations of matrix algebra.


• Solve simultaneous equations using MATLAB
matrix operations.
• Use some of MATLAB’s special matrices.
• Use some MATLAB matrix functions.
DEFINING ARRAY & MATRICES

Array:
Technically an array is an orderly grouping of
information.

Matrix:
The technical definition of a matrix is a two-dimensional
numeric array used in linear algebra.
A matrix is composed of rows (row vectors) and
columns (column vectors).
THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AN ARRAY
AND A MATRIX

• Arrays:
 Arrays can contain numeric information, but they can also contain
character data, symbolic data etc.

• Matrices:
 Not even all numeric arrays can precisely be called matrices-
only those upon which you intend to perform linear
transformations meet the strict definition of a matrix.
 Matrix algebra is used extensively in engineering applications.
 Matrix algebra is different from the array calculations we have
performed thus far.
MATRIX OPERATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

A matrix can be entered in MATLAB in any of the


following ways:
(SEE THE WORKSPACE)
1. Using the carriage return key:
>> A=[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9];
2. Using semicolons to indicate
the next line:
>> B=[3 4 5; 6 7 8; 9 10 11];

3. Using the colon (range) notation with semicolon:


>> C=[2:4; 5:7; 8:10];
MATRIX OPERATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

Matrix determinant
det(A) – determinant of square matrix A
For example, the determinant of a 2 × 2 (square) matrix, is
defined as:
det(A)=a11×a22-a12×a21
For A=[3, 7; 5,9]
det(A)=3×9-7×5=27-35=-8
In MATLAB,
>> Adet=det(A)
Adet=
-8
ARRAYS OPERATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

For a vector v
mean(v) – mean (average)
max(v) – maximum value, optionally with index of maximum
min(v) – minimum value, optionally with index of minimum
sum(v) – sum
sort(v) – elements sorted into ascending order
median(v) – median
std(v) – standard deviation
dot(v,w) – dot (inner product); v, w both vectors of same
size but any dimension
cross(v,w) – cross product; v, w must both have three
elements but any dimension
roots (v)– finding the roots of polynomial equation.
ARRAYS OPERATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

Example1,
Find the roots of the polynomial
(x − 1)(x + 2)(x − 3) = (x − 1)(x2 − x − 6) = x3 − 2x2 − 5x + 6.

Solution
>> u=[1 -2 -5 6]

>> Theroots=roots(u)
Theroots=
-2.0000
3.0000
1.0000
C.W.1

Problem 1/
Solve (i.e., find the roots of) the following
polynomials using MATLAB built-in roots function for
the vectors of coefficients: ax4-bx3+cx2-dx+e=0

a. 7x4 - 3x3 + 3x2 - 8x + 4 =0


b. -7x4 + 3bx3 - 3x2 + 8x – 4 =0
c. 7x4 + 3x3 - 3x2 + 8x – 4 =0
d. 7x4 + 3x3 + 3x2 - 8x – 4 =0

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