b1 Wordlist Unit 3

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3 It’s natural

Glossary
Page 29 3.8 marine (adj) /məˈriːn/
of the sea ● He studies marine life in the
3.1 natural (adj) /ˈnætʃrəl/ Pacific Ocean. ❖
from nature and not made by people ● This
3.9 biologist (n) /baɪˈɒləʤɪst/
furniture is made of natural materials, including
sb who studies living things ● She’s interested
cotton and wood. ➣ nature (n), naturally (adv)
in plants and animals and wants to be a

biologist when she grows up. ➣ biology (n),
3.2 aurora borealis (n) /əˌrɔːrə ˌbɔːriˈælɪs/ biological (adj) ❖
coloured light that appears sometimes in the
3.10 fascinated (adj) /ˈfæsəneɪtɪd/
sky in the most northern countries ● On our
very interested ● I'm fascinated by whales.
visit to Norway, we saw the colourful aurora
They're such beautiful creatures. ➣ fascinate
borealis in the sky one night. ❖
(v), fascinating (adj) ❖
✎ Syn: the Northern Lights
3.11 coral reef (n) /ˈkɒrəl riːf/
3.3 cause (v) /kɔːz/
a long narrow line of coral, rocks and other
to make sth happen ● The storm caused a lot of
substances near the surface of the sea
serious problems. ➣ cause (n) ❖
● You can swim in the sea and look at the
beautiful coral reef. ❖

Reading  Pages 30–31 3.12 appearance (n) /əˈpɪərəns/


the way sb/sth looks ● ‘Can you describe his
appearance?’ ‘Well, he’s tall and thin and has
3.4 climate change (n) /ˈklaɪmət tʃeɪndʒ/ brown hair.’ ➣ appear (v) ❖
changes in the Earth’s weather caused by the 3.13 actually (adv) /ˈæktʃuəli/
increase of gases like carbon dioxide in the used to emphasise a fact ● I actually fell
atmosphere ● Because of climate change, asleep in the lesson because I was so tired.
many plants and animals are in danger. ➣ actual (adj) ❖

3.14 make up (sth) (phr v) /meɪk ʌp (ˈsʌmθɪŋ)/
3.5 affect (v) /əˈfekt/ to form (sth) ● The team is made up of local
to make a change to sb/sth ● The bad weather volunteers. ❖
has affected our plans so now we can’t go to
3.15 polyp (n) /ˈpɒlɪp/
the beach. ❖
a tiny animal that lives in the sea ● Τhere are
LOOK! many polyps which make the coral reefs.

Affect vs effect 3.16 create (v) /kriˈeɪt/
Notice the difference between these two words. to make, cause to exist ● You can create
Affect is a verb, while effect is a noun. a beautiful garden by planting a variety of
The weather can affect people’s feelings negatively. flowers. ➣ creature, creation (n), creative (adj)
The effect of the weather on people’s feelings is ❖
sometimes negative. 3.17 skeleton (n) /ˈskelɪtən/
3.6 explorer (n) /ɪkˈsplɔːrə(r)/ all the bones of a body ● Do you know how
sb who travels to new places to find out many bones there are in an adult human
about them ● Christopher Columbus was an skeleton? ❖
explorer who sailed to the coast of America. 3.18 limestone (n) /ˈlaɪmstəʊn/
➣ explore (v), exploration (n) ❖ a rock that is made of calcium carbonate
3.7 Great Barrier Reef (n) /ɡreɪt ˈbæriə riːf/ (CaCO3) ● People used limestone to build
the largest coral reef in the world, parallel ancient buildings like the pyramids.
to the northeast coast of Australia ● I’ve ❖
been diving in the Great Barrier Reef. It was
fantastic! ❖

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3.19 cover (v) /ˈkʌvə(r)/ 3.33 find out (phr v) /faɪnd aʊt/
to lie on the surface of something ● The snow get information about sb/sth ● I want to find out
covered the garden when we woke up and more about my ancestors and how they lived
looked outside. ➣ cover (n) ❖ many years ago. ❖
3.20 nearly (adv) /ˈnɪəli/ 3.34 perhaps (adv) /pəˈhæps/
almost; not completely ● He’s nearly 18. maybe ● Perhaps we’ll go to Crete next year,
His birthday is next month. ❖ but I’m not sure. ❖
3.21 structure (n) /ˈstrʌkʧə(r)/ 3.35 clean up (phr v) /kliːn ʌp/
sth that has been built ● We saw a coral to make sth clean and tidy ● The students
reef on our holiday and it was an incredible cleaned up the school playground and put the
structure. ❖ litter in bins. ❖
3.22 visible (adj) /ˈvɪzəbl/ 3.36 remains (n pl) /rɪˈmeɪnz/
that can be seen ● The bright red flowers the pieces of sth/sb that are still visible when
were visible from a distance. ➣ visibility (n) the other parts have been destroyed, eaten or
❖ ✎ Opp: invisible removed, etc. ● Visitors can see the remains
of the old Roman wall between Scotland and
3.23 beauty (n) /ˈbjuːti/
England. ➣ remain (v) ❖
the quality of being beautiful ● Her paintings
showed the beauty of the island. ➣ beautiful (adj) 3.37 form (v) /fɔːm/
❖ to come together and start to exist ● The
limestone rocks were formed millions of years
3.24 algae (n pl) /ˈælgiː/
ago from the bodies of small organisms in the
simple plants without roots or stems that grow
sea. ➣ form (n) ❖
in or around water ● The lake was covered in
blue-green algae. ❖ 3.38 save (v) /seɪv/
to keep sb/sth safe from harm ● The brave
3.25 although (conj) /ɔːlˈðəʊ/
firefighter saved the dog from the burning
even though; used to introduce a clause of
building. ➣ safe (adj), safely (adv), safety (n)
contrast ● Although he knows some words in

French, he isn’t able to speak the language.
❖ 3.39 relate to (phr v) /rɪˈleɪt tuː/
to refer to sth; to have a connection with sth
3.26 species (n) /ˈspiːʃiːz/
● His article relates to the work he has done to
a type of plant or animal ● The forest is home
protect wildlife. ❖
to several species of bats.❖
3.40 snorkelling (n) /ˈsnɔːkəlɪŋ/
3.27 provide (v) /prəˈvaɪd/
the activity of swimming with a tube to breathe
to give ● Nature provides new mothers with
through and a mask ● This reef isn’t deep, so
milk to feed their babies. ➣ provision (n)
you can go snorkelling here and see it clearly.

➣ snorkel (n, v) ❖
3.28 protect (v) /prəˈtekt/
3.41 valuable (adj) /ˈvæljuəbl/
to make sure that sb/sth is not harmed
very useful because it is good for you ● My
● You must protect your little brother and not let
teacher gave some valuable advice about what
anything bad happen to him. ➣ protection (n),
to do. ➣ value (n, v) ❖
protective (adj), protectively (adv)
❖ 3.42 take action (phr) /teɪk ˈækʃn/
do sth about a problem ● Anima is a conservation
3.29 coast (n) /kəʊst/
group that takes action to protect wild animals
the land next to the sea ● We live in a village
and birds in Greece. ❖
on the coast. ➣ coastal (adj) ❖
3.43 summary (n) /ˈsʌməri/
3.30 however (adv) /haʊˈevə/
a short text that gives the main points of sth
despite this fact ● I grew up in a beautiful
in a few words ● The writer’s final paragraph
village. However, I decided to move to the city
was a summary of the article with his general
when I became an adult. ❖
opinion. ➣ summarise (v) ❖
3.31 turn (v) /tɜːn/
to change and become different ● It was autumn
and the leaves on the trees were turning brown.
➣ turn (n) ❖
3.32 discover (v) /dɪˈskʌvə(r)/
to find sb/sth that was hidden or unknown
● The archaeologist discovered the king’s
buried treasure. ➣ discovery (n) ❖

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Vocabulary  Page 32 3.57 temperature (n) /ˈtemprətʃə(r)/
a measure of how hot or cold sb/sth is
● It’s very hot today. The temperature is 40°C.
3.44 cave (n) /keɪv/

a large hole in the side of a mountain or under
the ground ● Paintings of animals that humans 3.58 produce (v) /prəˈdjuːs/
hunted thousands of years ago have been to make sth ● This factory produces parts
found in caves. ❖ for computers. ➣ producer (n), product (n),
productive (adj), productively (adv)
3.45 cliff (n) /klɪf/

a high area of land next to the sea ● They
stood on the edge of the cliff and looked down 3.59 burn (v) /bɜːn/
at the sea. ❖ to use sth such as fuel or energy ● We burn
a lot of petrol during winter to keep warm.
3.46 glacier (n) /ˈglæsiə(r)/ ➣ burn (n) ❖
a large mass of ice that moves slowly down a
valley ● Scientists say that many glaciers are 3.60 atmosphere (n) /ˈætməsfɪə(r)/
getting smaller because they are melting. all the gases in the air around the Εarth
❖ ● The atmosphere was filled with dust from
the desert storm. ➣ atmospheric (adj)
3.47 rainforest (n) /ˈreɪnfɒrɪst/ ❖
a thick forest in the tropics ● Half the Amazon
rainforest could be lost within 20 years 3.61 source (n) /sɔːs/
because people are cutting down the trees. a place, person or thing you get sth from
❖ ● Rivers and lakes are a source of drinking
water for many creatures. ❖
3.48 stream (n) /striːm/
3.62 run out (of) (phr v) /rʌn aʊt (əv)/
a small river ● You can see the fish in the stream
finish a supply of sth ● I can’t make a cake
because it is shallow. ❖
because we’ve run out of eggs. ❖
3.49 valley (n) /ˈvæli/
3.63 desert (n) /ˈdezət/
an area of land between hills ● Our hotel was
a large area with very little rain and very few
in the valley, so it was a difficult walk up the hill
plants growing in it ● It hasn’t rained for years
the next day. ❖
in this part of the desert. ❖
3.50 mammal (n) /ˈmæml/ 3.64 available (adj) /əˈveɪləbl/
the type of animal of which the mother feeds that you can get, buy or find ● Information
her children on milk from her body ● Cats, about endangered species is available on the
dolphins and people are all mammals, but Internet. ➣ availability (n) ❖
animals that lay eggs are not. ❖
3.65 go up (phr v) /gəʊ ʌp/
3.51 huge (adj) /hjuːdʒ/ to become more or go higher; to increase
extremely large ● There’s a huge tree at the ● The price of olive oil went up last winter.
bottom of our garden. ❖ ❖
3.52 fossil fuel (n) /ˈfɒsl ˈfjuːl/
a substance like coal or oil that was formed Climate change
underground millions of years ago and is used
atmosphere renewable energy
to create energy ● Fossil fuels like coal will not
biodegradable reuse
last for ever. ❖
fossil fuel solar power
3.53 renewable energy (n) /rɪˈnjuːəbl ˈenəʤi/ garbage temperature
energy from natural sources that will never run power station waste
out like wind, water and sunlight ● The heat recycle
from the sun is a form of renewable energy.

3.54 solar power (n) /ˈsəʊlə ˈpaʊ.ɚ/
energy from the sun ● Solar power is used Grammar  Page 33
a lot in warm, sunny countries like Greece.
3.66 scientist (n) /ˈsaɪəntɪst/

sb who studies science and works to find
3.55 power station (n) /ˈpaʊə ˈsteɪʃn/ out more about sth scientific ● Scientists are
a place where electricity is produced ● There studying the effects of pollution on living things.
are power stations all over the world because ➣ science (n), scientific (adj) ❖
people use a lot of electricity. ❖ 3.67 instructions (n pl) /ɪnˈstrʌkʃnz/
3.56 human (n) /ˈhjuːmən/ a list of information on how to do or make sth
a person ● Humans are destroying the ● Read the instructions for your new
environment with their cars and factories. smartphone carefully before you switch it on.
➣ humanity (n), human (adj) ❖ ➣ instructor (n), instruct (v) ❖
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3.68 experience (n) /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/ 3.80 hearing (n) /ˈhɪərɪŋ/
an event that sb lives through ● Exploring the ability to hear ● Cats have a great sense of
the Great Barrier Reef was an amazing hearing. They can hear their owner’s car before
experience. ➣ experience (v) ❖ they see it. ➣ hear (v) ❖
3.69 achievement (n) /əˈʧiːvmənt/ 3.81 sight (n) /saɪt/
sth sb succeeds in doing ● Raising young the ability to see ● Granddad’s sight isn’t as
pandas in a zoo is an incredible achievement good as it used to be, so he wears glasses.
because it is very hard to do. ➣ achieve (v) ❖
❖ 3.82 touch (n) /tʌtʃ/
3.70 continue (v) /kənˈtɪnjuː/ the ability to feel how sth is with your fingers
to keep doing sth or happening ● Don’t stop! ● His hands were so cold that he had no sense
Continue working! ❖ of touch. ➣ touching (adj), touch (v)
3.71 iceberg (n) /ˈaɪsbɜːg/ ❖
a mass of ice in the sea ● The Titanic hit an 3.83 attack (n) /əˈtæk/
iceberg and sank to the bottom of the ocean. an act of violence intended to hurt sb ● Shark
❖ attacks are rare, but usually deadly. ➣ attack
3.72 danger (n) /ˈdeɪndʒə(r)/ (v), attacker (n) ❖
sb/sth that might cause hurt or damage ● 3.84 truth (n) /truːθ/
Icebergs are a danger to big ships. ➣ dangerous the true facts about sth ● Don’t believe everything
(adj), dangerously (adv) ❖ you read on the internet. Check the facts to find
3.73 accident (n) /ˈæksɪdənt/ out the truth. ➣ true (adj), truly (adv)
sth (usually bad) that happens without you ❖
expecting it ● Drive carefully or you might have 3.85 bite (v) /baɪt/
an accident. ➣ accidental (adj), accidentally to use your teeth to cut ● I don’t think that
(adv) ❖ dog will bite you, but be careful. ➣ bite (n)
3.74 patrol (n) /pəˈtrəʊl/ ❖
a group of people who go to different parts of 3.86 object (n) /ˈɒbʤekt/
an area to make sure there are no problems a thing ● The sea in the port was polluted
● The lost boat was seen by the sea patrol. and full of objects like cans and plastic bags.
➣ patrol (v) ❖ ❖
3.75 ever since (phr) /ˈevə(r) sɪns/
from that time on ● Ever since we moved
to the coast, we’ve had lots more weekend
visitors. ❖
Speaking  Page 35
3.87 environmental (adj) /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl/
related to the environment ● We had a class
Listening  Page 34 discussion about environmental problems,
including pollution. ➣ environment (n),
3.76 length (n) /leŋθ/ environmentally (adv) ❖
the measurement of how long sth is ● I know 3.88 public transport (n) /ˈpʌblɪk ˈtrænspɔːt/
that the Nile is the longest river in the world, bus, train, metro, tram, etc. that people ride on
but I don’t know its length. ➣ lengthen (v), ● I use public transport to get to work in the
long (adj) ❖ city. ❖
3.77 mostly (adv) /ˈməʊstli/ 3.89 plant (v) /plɑːnt/
generally ● In Greece, the weather is mostly to put plants or seeds in the ground to grow
dry and sunny in summer. ❖ ● I’m going to plant some tomatoes and
3.78 approximately (adv) /əˈprɒksɪmətli/ cucumbers in spring. ➣ plant (n) ❖
almost exactly ● I learnt to cook approximately 3.90 recycle (v) /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/
ten years ago. ➣ approximate (adj) to put used materials through a special process
❖ so they can be used again ● We must all recycle
3.79 sense (n) /sens/ paper, glass and aluminium. ❖
one of the five natural powers of sight, 3.91 committee (n) /kəˈmɪti/
hearing, taste, smell and touch ● Dogs have a group of people who meet and make
an excellent sense of smell. ➣ sense (v), decisions ● The environmental committee
sensitive (adj) ❖ decided to set up a charity to help endangered
species. ❖

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3.92 move on (phr v) /muːv ɒn/ 3.104 wear out (phr v) /weə aʊt/
to stop doing or talking about one thing and to be used so much that it becomes useless
start doing sth else ● After a short introduction, ● These shoes have worn out and there are
the scientist moved on to describe his theory. holes in them. ❖
❖ 3.105 sunlight (n) /ˈsʌnlaɪt/
3.93 politely (adv) /pəˈlaɪtli/ the light from the sun ● The sunlight shone
in a way that shows you have good manners through the bedroom window and woke me up.
and respect for others ● The young man asked ➣ sunlit (adj) ❖
me politely to sit down and then he offered 3.106 inventor (n) /ɪnˈventə(r)/
me some coffee. ➣ polite (adj), politeness (n) sb who creates sth new ● George Stephenson
❖ was the inventor of the steam engine.
➣ invent (v), inventive (adj) ❖

Vocabulary  Page 36 3.107 device (n) /dɪˈvaɪs/


an object that is used for a particular purpose
● A GPS unit is a useful device for taxi drivers as
3.94 destroy (v) /dɪsˈtrɔɪ/
it helps them to find addresses. ❖
to ruin ● Sadly, we are destroying the
environment and many species are 3.108 decade (n) /ˈdekeɪd/
disappearing. ➣ destruction (n), destructive (adj) ten years ● He has been a member of
❖ Greenpeace for more than a decade.

3.95 prevent (v) /prɪˈvent/
to stop sb from doing sth; to stop sth from 3.109 bottom (n) /ˈbɒtəm/
happening ● We need to prevent the lowest part of sth ● They found the Titanic
accidents from happening. ➣ prevention (n), at the bottom of the sea. ❖
preventable (adj) ❖ 3.110 pond (n) /pɒnd/
3.96 remove (v) /rɪˈmuːv/ a small area of water, sometimes man-made
to take away ● Terry removed the little fish ● There are frogs and goldfish in the pond in
from the net and put it back into the sea. our garden. ❖
➣ removal (n) ❖ 3.111 bacteria (n pl) /bækˈtɪəriə/
3.97 set up (phr v) /set ʌp/ the simplest and smallest forms of life ● Your
create, start ● Let’s set up a café that provides hands are dirty and full of bacteria. You must
cheaper tea and coffee for the elderly. wash them. ❖
❖ 3.112 pollution (n) /pəˈluːʃn/
3.98 survive (v) /səˈvaɪv/ making sth dirty with gas or poisonous
to manage to stay alive ● We hope that many chemicals ● Cars are a major factor in
coral reefs will survive pollution. ➣ survival, pollution all over the world. ➣ pollute (v),
survivor (n) ❖ polluted (adj) ❖
3.113 daily (adj) /ˈdeɪli/
3.99 damage (v) /ˈdæmɪdʒ/
of every day ● Can you describe your daily
to harm or spoil sb/sth ● I dropped my laptop
routine? ➣ day (n) ❖ ✎ Syn:
yesterday but fortunately I didn’t damage it.
everyday
➣ damage (n) ❖
3.100 exist (v) /ɪɡˈzɪst/
to be real; to be alive ● Some people still
believe the Loch Ness monster really exists. Grammar  Page 37
➣ existence (n) ❖
3.114 whale (n) /weɪl/
3.101 garbage (n) /ˈɡɑːbɪdʒ/ a very big mammal, that lives in the sea ● We
rubbish or waste food that you throw away stood on the top of the cliff to watch the whales
(US Eng) ● Please throw the garbage in the swimming in the ocean. ❖
bin. ❖ ✎ Syn: rubbish (Br Eng)
3.115 instrument (n) /ˈɪnstrəmənt/
3.102 patch (n) /pætʃ/ an object used for producing musical sounds, for
an area that is different from the area around it example a piano ● She’s a wonderful musician
● I grow my own flowers in a small patch in the and plays several musical instruments: the violin,
garden. ❖ the guitar and the clarinet. ➣ instrumental (adj)
3.103 biodegradable (adj) /ˌbaɪəʊdɪˈɡreɪdəbl/ ❖
able to be changed into a natural state that 3.116 mountain range (n) /ˈmaʊntən reɪndʒ/
won’t damage the environment ● She only a group of mountains ● The Andes are
uses cleaning products that are biodegradable. the world’s longest mountain range:
➣ biodegrade (v) ❖ 7,000 kilometres long. ❖
✎ Opp: non-biodegradable
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3.117 underwater (adj) /ˌʌndəˈwɔːtə(r)/
found or happening below the surface of water Geographical features
● They filmed the fish using an underwater cave glacier pond
camera. ➣ underwater (adv) ❖ cliff Great Barrier rainforest
3.118 appear (v) /əˈpɪə(r/ coast   Reef stream
to start to be seen ● As she got older, more and coral reef iceberg valley
more white hairs appeared. ➣ appearance (n) desert mountain range waterfall
❖ ✎ Opp: disappear
3.119 waterfall (n) /ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/
water from a river falling over a cliff or high
rock ● We can’t go any further down this river
Writing  Pages 38–39
because there is a waterfall a hundred metres
LOOK!
away. ❖
3.120 location (n) /ləʊˈkeɪʃn/ There are many expressions with the verb keep.
a place where sth is situated ● The location of keep in touch, keep a secret, keep a diary,
our new house is beautiful because it’s near keep one’s word
the beach. ➣ locate (v) ❖
3.121 the outside world (phr) /ðiː ˈaʊtsaɪd wɜːld/ 3.131 keep in touch (phr) /kiːp ɪn tʌʧ/
the rest of the world ● Some areas of the to talk or write to sb ● William moved to
rainforest in Brazil haven’t been visited by Canada but he keeps in touch with his friends
anybody from the outside world. by email. ❖
❖ 3.132 miss (v) /mɪs/
3.122 land (v) /lænd/ to feel sad because a person you love is not
to arrive on the ground ● The plane landed at with you ● We moved to England last year and I
the airport during a rainstorm. ➣ landing (n) still miss my friends in Greece. ❖
❖ 3.133 bin (n) /bɪn/
3.123 wheel (n) /wiːl/ a container to put rubbish in ● You can put
one of the round things under a vehicle like glass bottles and jars in the recycling bin.
a car that turns when it moves ● One of ❖
the wheels on my bike was damaged in the 3.134 second-hand (adj) /ˈsekənd-hænd/
accident. ❖ not new; owned by sb else before you ● You
3.124 get stuck (phr) /ɡet stʌk/ can buy second-hand clothes here at low
to become unable to move ● The car got prices. ❖
stuck in the sand and we had to pull it out. 3.135 supplier (n) /səˈplaɪə(r)/
❖ a person or company that sells sth ● They are
3.125 mud (n) /mʌd/ one of the biggest computer suppliers in the
wet earth ● It was raining so I got mud on my area. ➣ supply (v, n) ❖
boots. ➣ muddy (adj) ❖ 3.136 reuse (v) /riːˈjuːz/
3.126 name after (phr v) /neɪm ˈɑːftə(r)/ to use sth again, sometimes for a different
give sb another person's name ● I’m Victoria. purpose ● We reuse glass jars to store
I was named after my grandmother, who was different food in the kitchen. ➣ reusable (adj)
also called Victoria. ❖ ❖
3.127 sadly (adv) /ˈsædli/ 3.137 waste (n) /weɪst/
unfortunately ● Sadly, my great-grandmother rubbish ● A lot of waste can be recycled,
died two years ago. ➣ sad (adj), sadness (n) for example, cans and paper. ➣ waste (v)
❖ ❖
3.128 hurt (v) /hɜːt/ 3.138 cardboard (n) /ˈkɑːdbɔːd/
to cause pain to a person or animal ● It’s material like thick paper, often used to make
terrible when people hurt animals and cause boxes for packaging ● These boxes are made
them pain. ❖ of recycled cardboard. ➣ cardboard (adj)
3.129 injury (n) /ɪndʒəri/ ❖
damage to part of a person’s or an animal’s 3.139 charity (n) /ˈtʃærəti/
body caused by an accident or attack ● He an organisation that raises money to help
had a car accident, but luckily his injuries people in need ● She gives money to a charity
weren’t serious. ➣ injure (v) ❖ that helps sick children. ➣ charitable (adj)
3.130 lift (v) /lɪft/ ❖
to raise from the ground ● The helicopter lifted
survivors from the sea. ➣ lift (n) ❖
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Live well, study well 3.145 fail (v) /feɪl/
to not succeed ● Well-trained dogs rarely
fail to follow instructions. ➣ failure (n)
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3.140 suggest (v) /səˈdʒest/ 3.146 goal (n) /ɡəʊl/
to say sth that gives sb an idea about what sth that you hope to achieve ● Her goal is
to do ● I suggest we start a clean-up group. to win the chess championship next year.
➣ suggestion (n) ❖ ❖ ✎ Syn: aim
3.141 per cent (n) /pə ˈsent/ 3.147 relative (n) /ˈrelətɪv/
one part in every hundred; % ● The price of a person who is in the same family as sb else
fuel went up ten per cent last year. ● I love all my relatives, but my Aunt Carol and
❖ Uncle Ed are my favourites. ❖
3.142 whether (conj) /ˈweðə(r)/ 3.148 give up (phr v) /gɪv ʌp/
if (or if not) ● I don’t know whether solar stop trying ● After a week of searching, the
energy is cheaper than wind energy. rescue team gave up and stopped looking for
❖ survivors. ❖
3.143 break down (phr v) /breɪk daʊn/ 3.149 benefit (n) /ˈbenɪfɪt/
to separate into parts or change into another an advantage ● Olive oil has many
form ● Paper will break down easily so it can benefits, including being good for your heart.
be reused. ❖ ➣ benefit (v), beneficial (adj) ❖
3.144 successfully (adv) /səkˈsesfəli/
in a way that achieves what you want Phrasal verbs
● She successfully runs a business while
looking after her two children. ➣ success (n), break down go up run out (of)
successful (adj) ❖ clean up make up set up
find out move on
give up name after

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