Arabic Script in Unicode
Arabic Script in Unicode
Many scripts in Unicode, including Arabic and Devanāgarī, have special orthographic rules that require certain combinations of letterforms to be combined into
special ligature forms.
In English, the common ampersand (&) developed from a ligature in which the handwritten Latin letters e and t (spelling et, Latin for and) were combined.[1] The
rules governing ligature formation in Arabic can be quite complex, requiring special script-shaping technologies such as the Arabic Calligraphic Engine by
DecoType.
The basic Arabic range encodes the standard letters and diacritics, but does not encode contextual forms (U+0621–U+0652 being directly based on ISO 8859-6);
and also includes the most common diacritics and Arabic-Indic digits.
The Arabic Supplement range encodes letter variants mostly used for writing African (non-
Arabic) languages.
The Arabic Extended-B and Arabic Extended-A ranges encode additional Qur'anic annotations and letter variants used for various non-Arabic
languages.
The Arabic Presentation Forms-A range encodes contextual forms and ligatures of letter variants needed for Persian, Urdu, Sindhi and Central Asian
languages.
The Arabic Presentation Forms-B range encodes spacing forms of Arabic diacritics, and more contextual letter forms.
The presentation forms are
present only for compatibility with older standards, and are not currently needed for coding text.[3]
The Arabic Mathematical Alphabetical Symbols block encodes
characters used in Arabic mathematical expressions.
The Indic Siyaq Numbers block contains a specialized subset of Arabic script that was used for accounting in
India under the Mughals by the 17th century through the middle of the 20th century.[4][5]
The Ottoman Siyaq Numbers block contains a specialized subset of
Arabic script, also known as Siyakat numbers, used for accounting in Ottoman Turkish documents.[6]
Contents
Contextual forms
Punctuation and ornaments
Word ligatures
Code blocks
Arabic
Character table
Compact table
Arabic Supplement
Arabic Extended-B
Arabic Extended-A
Arabic Presentation Forms A
Arabic Presentation Forms B
Rumi Numeral Symbols
Indic Siyaq Numbers
Ottoman Siyaq Numbers
Arabic Mathematical Alphabetic Symbols
References
External links
Contextual forms
A demonstration for the basic alphabet used in Modern Standard Arabic:
General
Contextual forms
Name
Unicode Isolated End Middle Beginning
0627
FE8D
FE8E
ʾalif
ا ﺍ ﺎ
0628
FE8F FE90 FE92 FE91
bāʾ
ب ﺏ ﺐ ﺒ ﺑ
062A FE95
FE96 FE98 FE97
tāʾ
ت ﺕ ﺖ ﺘ ﺗ
062B FE99
FE9A
FE9C FE9B
ṯāʾ
ث ﺙ ﺚ ﺜ ﺛ
062C
FE9D
FE9E
FEA0
FE9F
ǧīm
ج ﺝ ﺞ ﺠ ﺟ
062D
FEA1 FEA2
FEA4
FEA3
ḥāʾ
ح ﺡ ﺢ ﺤ ﺣ
062E FEA5 FEA6
FEA8
FEA7
ḫāʾ
خ ﺥ ﺦ ﺨ ﺧ
062F FEA9 FEAA
dāl
د ﺩ ﺪ
0630
FEAB
FEAC
ḏāl
ذ ﺫ ﺬ
0631
FEAD FEAE
rāʾ
ر ﺭ ﺮ
0632
FEAF
FEB0
zayn/zāy
ز ﺯ ﺰ
0633
FEB1 FEB2
FEB4
FEB3
sīn
س ﺱ ﺲ ﺴ ﺳ
0634
FEB5 FEB6
FEB8
FEB7
šīn
ش ﺵ ﺶ ﺸ ﺷ
0635
FEB9 FEBA FEBC
FEBB
ṣād
ص ﺹ ﺺ ﺼ ﺻ
0636
FEBD FEBE FEC0 FEBF
ḍād
ض ﺽ ﺾ ﻀ ﺿ
0637
FEC1
FEC2 FEC4 FEC3
ṭāʾ
ط ﻁ ﻂ ﻄ ﻃ
0638
FEC5
FEC6 FEC8 FEC7
ẓāʾ
ظ ﻅ ﻆ ﻈ ﻇ
0639
FEC9
FECA
FECC FECB
ʿayn
ع ﻉ ﻊ ﻌ ﻋ
063A FECD
FECE
FED0 FECF
ġayn
غ ﻍ ﻎ ﻐ ﻏ
fāʾ
0641
FED1
FED2 FED4 FED3
ف ﻑ ﻒ ﻔ ﻓ
0642
FED5
FED6 FED8 FED7
qāf
ق ﻕ ﻖ ﻘ ﻗ
0643
FED9
FEDA
FEDC FEDB
kāf
ك ﻙ ﻚ ﻜ ﻛ
0644
FEDD
FEDE
FEE0
FEDF
lām
ل ﻝ ﻞ ﻠ ﻟ
0645
FEE1 FEE2
FEE4
FEE3
mīm
م ﻡ ﻢ ﻤ ﻣ
0646
FEE5 FEE6
FEE8
FEE7
nūn
ن ﻥ ﻦ ﻨ ﻧ
0647
FEE9 FEEA FEEC
FEEB
hāʾ
ه ﻩ ﻪ ﻬ ﻫ
0648
FEED FEEE
wāw
و ﻭ ﻮ
064A FEF1 FEF2
FEF4
FEF3
yāʾ
ي ﻱ ﻲ ﻴ ﻳ
0622
FE81
FE82
ʾalif maddah
آ ﺁ ﺂ
0629
FE93
FE94
— — Tāʾ marbūṭah
ة ﺓ ﺔ
0649
FEEF
FEF0
— — ʾalif maqṣūrah
ى ﻯ ﻰ
Word ligatures
Arabic Presentation Forms-A has a few characters defined as "word ligatures" for terms frequently used in formulaic expressions in Arabic. They are rarely used
out of professional liturgical typing, also the Rial grapheme is normally written fully, not by the ligature.
U+FDF0 ﷰARABIC LIGATURE SALLA USED AS KORANIC STOP SIGN ISOLATED FORM ()صلے
U+FDF1 ﷱARABIC LIGATURE QALA USED AS KORANIC STOP SIGN ISOLATED FORM ()قلے
U+FDF3 ﷳARABIC LIGATURE AKBAR ISOLATED FORM ()اكبر, as in the phrase اهلل أكبرAllāhu akbar
U+FDFD ﷽ARABIC LIGATURE BISMILLAH AR-RAHMAN AR-RAHEEM ( بسم اهلل الرحمن الرحيمbism-i llāh-i r-raḥmān-i r-raḥīm)
Code blocks
Arabic
Character table
Code Result Unicode name
U+0616 ؖ Arabic Small High Ligature Alef With Lam With Yeh
U+0673 ٳ Arabic Letter Alef With Wavy Hamza Below (deprecated)[7]
U+067D ٽ Arabic Letter Teh With Three Dots Above Downwards
U+0682 ڂ Arabic Letter Hah With Two Dots Vertical Above
U+068B ڋ Arabic Letter Dal With Dot Below And Small Tah
U+0696 ږ Arabic Letter Reh With Dot Below And Dot Above
U+069A ښ Arabic Letter Seen With Dot Below And Dot Above
U+069C ڜ Arabic Letter Seen With Three Dots Below And Three Dots Above
U+06D6 ۖ Arabic Small High Ligature Sad With Lam With Alef Maksura
U+06D7 ۗ Arabic Small High Ligature Qaf With Lam With Alef Maksura
Compact table
Arabic[1][2]
Official Unicode Consortium code chart (https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0600.pdf) (PDF)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
U+061x ؐ ؑ ؒ ؓ ؔ ؕ ؖ ؗ ؘ ؙ ؚ ؛ ALM ؝ ؞ ؟
U+062x ؠ ء آ أ ؤ إ ئ ا ب ة ت ث ج ح خ د
U+063x ذ ر ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ع غ ػ ؼ ؽ ؾ ؿ
U+064x ـ ف ق ك ل م ن ه و ى ي ً ٌ ٍ َ ُ
U+065x ِ ّ ْ ٓ ٔ ٕ ٖ ٗ ٘ ٙ ٚ ٛ ٜ ٝ ٞ ٟ
U+067x ٰ ٱ ٲ ٳ ٴ ٵ ٶ ٷ ٸ ٹ ٺ ٻ ټ ٽ پ ٿ
U+068x ڀ ځ ڂ ڃ ڄ څ چ ڇ ڈ ډ ڊ ڋ ڌ ڍ ڎ ڏ
U+069x ڐ ڑ ڒ ړ ڔ ڕ ږ ڗ ژ ڙ ښ ڛ ڜ ڝ ڞ ڟ
U+06Ax ڠ ڡ ڢ ڣ ڤ ڥ ڦ ڧ ڨ ک ڪ ګ ڬ ڭ ڮ گ
U+06Bx ڰ ڱ ڲ ڳ ڴ ڵ ڶ ڷ ڸ ڹ ں ڻ ڼ ڽ ھ ڿ
U+06Cx ۀ ہ ۂ ۃ ۄ ۅ ۆ ۇ ۈ ۉ ۊ ۋ ی ۍ ێ ۏ
Arabic Supplement
Arabic Supplement[1]
U+075x ݐ ݑ ݒ ݓ ݔ ݕ ݖ ݗ ݘ ݙ ݚ ݛ ݜ ݝ ݞ ݟ
U+076x ݠ ݡ ݢ ݣ ݤ ݥ ݦ ݧ ݨ ݩ ݪ ݫ ݬ ݭ ݮ ݯ
U+077x ݰ ݱ ݲ ݳ ݴ ݵ ݶ ݷ ݸ ݹ ݺ ݻ ݼ ݽ ݾ ݿ
Notes
Arabic Extended-B
Arabic Extended-B[1][2]
U+087x ࡰ ࡱ ࡲ ࡳ ࡴ ࡵ ࡶ ࡷ ࡸ ࡹ ࡺ ࡻ ࡼ ࡽ ࡾ ࡿ
U+088x ࢀ ࢁ ࢂ ࢃ ࢄ ࢅ ࢆ ࢇ ࢈ ࢉ ࢊ ࢋ ࢌ ࢍ ࢎ
U+089x ࢘ ࢙ ࢚ ࢛ ࢜ ࢝ ࢞ ࢟
Notes
Arabic Extended-A
Arabic Extended-A[1]
Official Unicode Consortium code chart (https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U08A0.pdf) (PDF)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
U+08Ax ࢠ ࢡ ࢢ ࢣ ࢤ ࢥ ࢦ ࢧ ࢨ ࢩ ࢪ ࢫ ࢬ ࢭ ࢮ ࢯ
U+08Bx ࢰ ࢱ ࢲ ࢳ ࢴ ࢵ ࢶ ࢷ ࢸ ࢹ ࢺ ࢻ ࢼ ࢽ ࢾ ࢿ
U+08Cx ࣀ ࣁ ࣂ ࣃ ࣄ ࣅ ࣆ ࣇ ࣈ ࣉ ࣊ ࣋ ࣌ ࣍ ࣎ ࣏
U+08Dx ࣐ ࣑ ࣒ ࣓ ࣔ ࣕ ࣖ ࣗ ࣘ ࣙ ࣚ ࣛ ࣜ ࣝ ࣞ ࣟ
U+08Ex ࣠ ࣡ ࣣ ࣤ ࣥ ࣦ ࣧ ࣨ ࣩ ࣪ ࣫ ࣬ ࣭ ࣮ ࣯
U+08Fx ࣰ ࣱ ࣲ ࣳ ࣴ ࣵ ࣶ ࣷ ࣸ ࣹ ࣺ ࣻ ࣼ ࣽ ࣾ ࣿ
Notes
They are mostly ligatures which can be created from the previous charts' characters, with the exception of the bracket-like graphemes ﴾ ﴿ and some of them
are ligatures of common liturgical phrases.
]Arabic Presentation Forms-A[1][2][3
)Official Unicode Consortium code chart (https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/UFB50.pdf) (PDF
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E
U+FB5x ﭐ ﭑ ﭒ ﭓ ﭔ ﭕ ﭖ ﭗ ﭘ ﭙ ﭚ ﭛ ﭜ ﭝ ﭞ
U+FB6x ﭠ ﭡ ﭢ ﭣ ﭤ ﭥ ﭦ ﭧ ﭨ ﭩ ﭪ ﭫ ﭬ ﭭ ﭮ
U+FB7x ﭰ ﭱ ﭲ ﭳ ﭴ ﭵ ﭶ ﭷ ﭸ ﭹ ﭺ ﭻ ﭼ ﭽ ﭾ
U+FB8x ﮀ ﮁ ﮂ ﮃ ﮄ ﮅ ﮆ ﮇ ﮈ ﮉ ﮊ ﮋ ﮌ ﮍ ﮎ
U+FB9x ﮐ ﮑ ﮒ ﮓ ﮔ ﮕ ﮖ ﮗ ﮘ ﮙ ﮚ ﮛ ﮜ ﮝ ﮞ
U+FBAx ﮠ ﮡ ﮢ ﮣ ﮤ ﮥ ﮦ ﮧ ﮨ ﮩ ﮪ ﮫ ﮬ ﮭ ﮮ
U+FBBx ﮰ ﮱ ﮲ ﮳ ﮴ ﮵ ﮶ ﮷ ﮸ ﮹ ﮺ ﮻ ﮼ ﮽ ﮾
U+FBCx ﯀ ﯁ ﯂
U+FBDx ﯓ ﯔ ﯕ ﯖ ﯗ ﯘ ﯙ ﯚ ﯛ ﯜ ﯝ ﯞ
U+FBEx ﯠ ﯡ ﯢ ﯣ ﯤ ﯥ ﯦ ﯧ ﯨ ﯩ ﯪ ﯫ ﯬ ﯭ ﯮ
U+FBFx ﯰ ﯱ ﯲ ﯳ ﯴ ﯵ ﯶ ﯷ ﯸ ﯹ ﯺ ﯻ ﯼ ﯽ ﯾ
U+FC0x ﰀ ﰁ ﰂ ﰃ ﰄ ﰅ ﰆ ﰇ ﰈ ﰉ ﰊ ﰋ ﰌ ﰍ ﰎ
U+FC1x ﰐ ﰑ ﰒ ﰓ ﰔ ﰕ ﰖ ﰗ ﰘ ﰙ ﰚ ﰛ ﰜ ﰝ ﰞ
U+FC2x ﰠ ﰡ ﰢ ﰣ ﰤ ﰥ ﰦ ﰧ ﰨ ﰩ ﰪ ﰫ ﰬ ﰭ ﰮ
U+FC3x ﰰ ﰱ ﰲ ﰳ ﰴ ﰵ ﰶ ﰷ ﰸ ﰹ ﰺ ﰻ ﰼ ﰽ ﰾ
U+FC4x ﱀ ﱁ ﱂ ﱃ ﱄ ﱅ ﱆ ﱇ ﱈ ﱉ ﱊ ﱋ ﱌ ﱍ ﱎ
U+FC5x ﱐ ﱑ ﱒ ﱓ ﱔ ﱕ ﱖ ﱗ ﱘ ﱙ ﱚ ﱛ ﱜ ﱝ ﱞ
U+FC6x ﱠ ﱡ ﱢ ﱣ ﱤ ﱥ ﱦ ﱧ ﱨ ﱩ ﱪ ﱫ ﱬ ﱭ ﱮ
U+FC7x ﱰ ﱱ ﱲ ﱳ ﱴ ﱵ ﱶ ﱷ ﱸ ﱹ ﱺ ﱻ ﱼ ﱽ ﱾ
U+FC8x ﲀ ﲁ ﲂ ﲃ ﲄ ﲅ ﲆ ﲇ ﲈ ﲉ ﲊ ﲋ ﲌ ﲍ ﲎ
U+FC9x ﲐ ﲑ ﲒ ﲓ ﲔ ﲕ ﲖ ﲗ ﲘ ﲙ ﲚ ﲛ ﲜ ﲝ ﲞ
U+FCAx ﲠ ﲡ ﲢ ﲣ ﲤ ﲥ ﲦ ﲧ ﲨ ﲩ ﲪ ﲫ ﲬ ﲭ ﲮ ﲯ
U+FCBx ﲰ ﲱ ﲲ ﲳ ﲴ ﲵ ﲶ ﲷ ﲸ ﲹ ﲺ ﲻ ﲼ ﲽ ﲾ
U+FCCx ﳀ ﳁ ﳂ ﳃ ﳄ ﳅ ﳆ ﳇ ﳈ ﳉ ﳊ ﳋ ﳌ ﳍ ﳎ
U+FCDx ﳐ ﳑ ﳒ ﳓ ﳔ ﳕ ﳖ ﳗ ﳘ ﳙ ﳚ ﳛ ﳜ ﳝ ﳞ
U+FCEx ﳠ ﳡ ﳢ ﳣ ﳤ ﳥ ﳦ ﳧ ﳨ ﳩ ﳪ ﳫ ﳬ ﳭ ﳮ
U+FCFx ﳰ ﳱ ﳲ ﳳ ﳴ ﳵ ﳶ ﳷ ﳸ ﳹ ﳺ ﳻ ﳼ ﳽ ﳾ
U+FD0x ﴀ ﴁ ﴂ ﴃ ﴄ ﴅ ﴆ ﴇ ﴈ ﴉ ﴊ ﴋ ﴌ ﴍ ﴎ
U+FD1x ﴐ ﴑ ﴒ ﴓ ﴔ ﴕ ﴖ ﴗ ﴘ ﴙ ﴚ ﴛ ﴜ ﴝ ﴞ
U+FD2x ﴠ ﴡ ﴢ ﴣ ﴤ ﴥ ﴦ ﴧ ﴨ ﴩ ﴪ ﴫ ﴬ ﴭ ﴮ ﴯ
U+FD3x ﴰ ﴱ ﴲ ﴳ ﴴ ﴵ ﴶ ﴷ ﴸ ﴹ ﴺ ﴻ ﴼ ﴽ ﴾
U+FD4x ﵀ ﵁ ﵂ ﵃ ﵄ ﵅ ﵆ ﵇ ﵈ ﵉ ﵊ ﵋ ﵌ ﵍ ﵎
U+FD5x ﵐ ﵑ ﵒ ﵓ ﵔ ﵕ ﵖ ﵗ ﵘ ﵙ ﵚ ﵛ ﵜ ﵝ ﵞ ﵟ
U+FD6x ﵠ ﵡ ﵢ ﵣ ﵤ ﵥ ﵦ ﵧ ﵨ ﵩ ﵪ ﵫ ﵬ ﵭ ﵮ ﵯ
U+FD7x ﵰ ﵱ ﵲ ﵳ ﵴ ﵵ ﵶ ﵷ ﵸ ﵹ ﵺ ﵻ ﵼ ﵽ ﵾ
U+FD8x ﶀ ﶁ ﶂ ﶃ ﶄ ﶅ ﶆ ﶇ ﶈ ﶉ ﶊ ﶋ ﶌ ﶍ ﶎ ﶏ
U+FD9x
ﶒ ﶓ ﶔ ﶕ ﶖ ﶗ ﶘ ﶙ ﶚ ﶛ ﶜ ﶝ ﶞ ﶟ
U+FDAx ﶠ ﶡ ﶢ ﶣ ﶤ ﶥ ﶦ ﶧ ﶨ ﶩ ﶪ ﶫ ﶬ ﶭ ﶮ ﶯ
U+FDBx ﶰ ﶱ ﶲ ﶳ ﶴ ﶵ ﶶ ﶷ ﶸ ﶹ ﶺ ﶻ ﶼ ﶽ ﶾ ﶿ
U+FDEx
U+FDFx ﷰ ﷱ ﷲ ﷳ ﷴ ﷵ ﷶ ﷷ ﷸ ﷹ ﷺ ﷻ ﷼ ﷽ ﷾
Notes
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
U+FE7x ﹰ ﹱ ﹲ ﹳ ﹴ ﹶ ﹷ ﹸ ﹹ ﹺ ﹻ ﹼ ﹽ ﹾ ﹿ
U+FE8x ﺀ ﺁ ﺂ ﺃ ﺄ ﺅ ﺆ ﺇ ﺈ ﺉ ﺊ ﺋ ﺌ ﺍ ﺎ ﺏ
U+FE9x ﺐ ﺑ ﺒ ﺓ ﺔ ﺕ ﺖ ﺗ ﺘ ﺙ ﺚ ﺛ ﺜ ﺝ ﺞ ﺟ
U+FEAx ﺠ ﺡ ﺢ ﺣ ﺤ ﺥ ﺦ ﺧ ﺨ ﺩ ﺪ ﺫ ﺬ ﺭ ﺮ ﺯ
U+FEBx ﺰ ﺱ ﺲ ﺳ ﺴ ﺵ ﺶ ﺷ ﺸ ﺹ ﺺ ﺻ ﺼ ﺽ ﺾ ﺿ
U+FECx ﻀ ﻁ ﻂ ﻃ ﻄ ﻅ ﻆ ﻇ ﻈ ﻉ ﻊ ﻋ ﻌ ﻍ ﻎ ﻏ
U+FEDx ﻐ ﻑ ﻒ ﻓ ﻔ ﻕ ﻖ ﻗ ﻘ ﻙ ﻚ ﻛ ﻜ ﻝ ﻞ ﻟ
U+FEEx ﻠ ﻡ ﻢ ﻣ ﻤ ﻥ ﻦ ﻧ ﻨ ﻩ ﻪ ﻫ ﻬ ﻭ ﻮ ﻯ
ZW
U+FEFx ﻰ ﻱ ﻲ ﻳ ﻴ ﻵ ﻶ ﻷ ﻸ ﻹ ﻺ ﻻ ﻼ NBSP
Notes
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
U+10E6x 𐹠 𐹡 𐹢 𐹣 𐹤 𐹥 𐹦 𐹧 𐹨 𐹩 𐹪 𐹫 𐹬 𐹭 𐹮 𐹯
U+10E7x 𐹰 𐹱 𐹲 𐹳 𐹴 𐹵 𐹶 𐹷 𐹸 𐹹 𐹺 𐹻 𐹼 𐹽 𐹾
Notes
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
U+1EC7x 𞱱 𞱲 𞱳 𞱴 𞱵 𞱶 𞱷 𞱸 𞱹 𞱺 𞱻 𞱼 𞱽 𞱾 𞱿
U+1EC8x 𞲀 𞲁 𞲂 𞲃 𞲄 𞲅 𞲆 𞲇 𞲈 𞲉 𞲊 𞲋 𞲌 𞲍 𞲎 𞲏
U+1EC9x 𞲐 𞲑 𞲒 𞲓 𞲔 𞲕 𞲖 𞲗 𞲘 𞲙 𞲚 𞲛 𞲜 𞲝 𞲞 𞲟
U+1ECAx 𞲠 𞲡 𞲢 𞲣 𞲤 𞲥 𞲦 𞲧 𞲨 𞲩 𞲪 𞲫 𞲬 𞲭 𞲮 𞲯
U+1ECBx 𞲰 𞲱 𞲲 𞲳 𞲴
Notes
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
U+1ED0x 𞴁 𞴂 𞴃 𞴄 𞴅 𞴆 𞴇 𞴈 𞴉 𞴊 𞴋 𞴌 𞴍 𞴎 𞴏
U+1ED1x 𞴐 𞴑 𞴒 𞴓 𞴔 𞴕 𞴖 𞴗 𞴘 𞴙 𞴚 𞴛 𞴜 𞴝 𞴞 𞴟
U+1ED2x 𞴠 𞴡 𞴢 𞴣 𞴤 𞴥 𞴦 𞴧 𞴨 𞴩 𞴪 𞴫 𞴬 𞴭 𞴮 𞴯
U+1ED3x 𞴰 𞴱 𞴲 𞴳 𞴴 𞴵 𞴶 𞴷 𞴸 𞴹 𞴺 𞴻 𞴼 𞴽
U+1ED4x
Notes
U+1EE0x 𞸀 𞸁 𞸂 𞸃 𞸅 𞸆 𞸇 𞸈 𞸉 𞸊 𞸋 𞸌 𞸍 𞸎 𞸏
U+1EE1x 𞸐 𞸑 𞸒 𞸓 𞸔 𞸕 𞸖 𞸗 𞸘 𞸙 𞸚 𞸛 𞸜 𞸝 𞸞 𞸟
U+1EE2x 𞸡 𞸢 𞸤 𞸧 𞸩 𞸪 𞸫 𞸬 𞸭 𞸮 𞸯
U+1EE3x 𞸰 𞸱 𞸲 𞸴 𞸵 𞸶 𞸷 𞸹 𞸻
U+1EE4x 𞹂 𞹇 𞹉 𞹋 𞹍 𞹎 𞹏
U+1EE5x 𞹑 𞹒 𞹔 𞹗 𞹙 𞹛 𞹝 𞹟
U+1EE6x 𞹡 𞹢 𞹤 𞹧 𞹨 𞹩 𞹪 𞹬 𞹭 𞹮 𞹯
U+1EE7x 𞹰 𞹱 𞹲 𞹴 𞹵 𞹶 𞹷 𞹹 𞹺 𞹻 𞹼 𞹾
U+1EE8x 𞺀 𞺁 𞺂 𞺃 𞺄 𞺅 𞺆 𞺇 𞺈 𞺉 𞺋 𞺌 𞺍 𞺎 𞺏
U+1EE9x 𞺐 𞺑 𞺒 𞺓 𞺔 𞺕 𞺖 𞺗 𞺘 𞺙 𞺚 𞺛
U+1EEAx 𞺡 𞺢 𞺣 𞺥 𞺦 𞺧 𞺨 𞺩 𞺫 𞺬 𞺭 𞺮 𞺯
U+1EEBx 𞺰 𞺱 𞺲 𞺳 𞺴 𞺵 𞺶 𞺷 𞺸 𞺹 𞺺 𞺻
U+1EECx
U+1EEDx
U+1EEEx
U+1EEFx 𞻰 𞻱
Notes
References
1. "What is the origin of the ampersand (&)?" (https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/explore/origin-of-ampersand/)
2. "UAX #24: Script data file" (https://www.unicode.org/Public/UNIDATA/Scripts.txt). Unicode Character Database. The Unicode Consortium.
3. "Section 9.2: Arabic, Arabic Presentation Forms-B" (https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode14.0.0/ch09.pdf#G37489) (PDF). The Unicode
Standard. The Unicode Consortium. September 2021.
4. Pandey, Anshuman (2015-11-05). "L2/15-121R2: Proposal to Encode Indic Siyaq Numbers" (https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2015/15121r2-indic
-siyaq.pdf) (PDF).
5. "Chapter 22: Symbols". The Unicode Standard, Version 12.0 (https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode12.0.0/ch22.pdf) (PDF). Mountain
View, CA: Unicode, Inc. March 2019. ISBN 978-1-936213-22-1.
6. "Chapter 22: Symbols". The Unicode Standard, Version 12.0 (https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode12.0.0/ch22.pdf) (PDF). Mountain
View, CA: Unicode, Inc. March 2019. ISBN 978-1-936213-22-1.
7. Deprecated as of Unicode version 6.0 UCD Change History (https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr44/tr44-6.html#Change_History) "The
particular combination of an alef with
this vowel mark should be written with the sequence <U+0627 ARABIC LETTER ALEF,
U+065F
ARABIC WAVY HAMZA BELOW>, rather than with the character U+0673 ARABIC
LETTER ALEF WITH WAVY HAMZA BELOW, which has
been deprecated and which is not
canonically equivalent. "Section 9.2: Arabic, Additional Vowel Marks" (https://www.unicode.org/versions/Un
icode14.0.0/ch09.pdf#G23001) (PDF). The Unicode Standard. The Unicode Consortium. September 2021.
External links
Oibane. "Unicode problems" (https://web.archive.org/web/20080203055936/http://www.k2.dion.ne.jp/~oibane/aonl/en/uni-prob.htm). Arabic on
Linux. Archived from the original (http://www.k2.dion.ne.jp/~oibane/aonl/en/uni-prob.htm) on 2008-02-03.
Arabunic. "Arabunic : unicode <-> glyphs, 2 way converter" (http://www.arabunic.free.fr). Java applet that convert glyphs to unicode (and
unicode to glyphs). It accounts for ligatures, lam-alif, diacritics, etc.
Scheherazade (https://software.sil.org/Scheherazade) or Scheherazade New (https://fonts.google.com/specimen/Scheherazade+New?subset
=arabic), an extended Arabic script font designed by SIL International, distributed under the SIL Open Font License (OFL)
Harmattan (https://fonts.google.com/specimen/Harmattan?subset=arabic), an extended Arabic script font designed by SIL International for
West Africa, distributed under the SIL Open Font License (OFL)