Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 38 views

    001 BT3-CEMENT (Concrete & Steel) by ART

    Uploaded by

    Itzuki Fujiwara
    Cement is produced through a series of steps: (1) Limestone, clay, and other raw materials are quarries and crushed; (2) The raw materials are heated in a kiln to over 2500°F, which produces clinker; (3) The clinker is cooled, ground into a powder, and mixed with a small amount of gypsum; (4) This powder, called portland cement, is then used to make concrete when mixed with water and aggregates like sand and gravel. Portland cement was invented in 1824 and allowed the modern concrete construction industry to develop.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    001 BT3-CEMENT (Concrete & Steel) by ART

    Uploaded by

    Itzuki Fujiwara
    38 views10 pages
    Cement is produced through a series of steps: (1) Limestone, clay, and other raw materials are quarries and crushed; (2) The raw materials are heated in a kiln to over 2500°F, which produces clinker; (3) The clinker is cooled, ground into a powder, and mixed with a small amount of gypsum; (4) This powder, called portland cement, is then used to make concrete when mixed with water and aggregates like sand and gravel. Portland cement was invented in 1824 and allowed the modern concrete construction industry to develop.

    Original Title

    001 BT3-CEMENT [Concrete & Steel] by ART

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Cement is produced through a series of steps: (1) Limestone, clay, and other raw materials are quarries and crushed; (2) The raw materials are heated in a kiln to over 2500°F, which produces clinker; (3) The clinker is cooled, ground into a powder, and mixed with a small amount of gypsum; (4) This powder, called portland cement, is then used to make concrete when mixed with water and aggregates like sand and gravel. Portland cement was invented in 1824 and allowed the modern concrete construction industry to develop.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    38 views10 pages

    001 BT3-CEMENT (Concrete & Steel) by ART

    Uploaded by

    Itzuki Fujiwara
    Cement is produced through a series of steps: (1) Limestone, clay, and other raw materials are quarries and crushed; (2) The raw materials are heated in a kiln to over 2500°F, which produces clinker; (3) The clinker is cooled, ground into a powder, and mixed with a small amount of gypsum; (4) This powder, called portland cement, is then used to make concrete when mixed with water and aggregates like sand and gravel. Portland cement was invented in 1824 and allowed the modern concrete construction industry to develop.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 10

    CEMENT

    PREPARED BY ADRIAN R. TOISA


    Intended Learning Outcome
    • Explain and discuss the origin of cement.

    • Discuss the manufacturing of portland


    cement.
    Concrete is the universal material of construction.

    According to the World Business Council for Sustainable Development,


    concrete is, after water, the most widely used material on earth.

    The raw ingredients for its manufacture are readily available in almost
    every part of the globe, and concrete can be made into buildings with tools
    ranging from a primitive shovel to a computerized precasting plant.

    Concrete does not rot or burn; it is relatively low in cost; and it can be used
    for every building purpose, from lowly pavings to sturdy structural frames
    to handsome exterior claddings and interior finishes.
    History
    The ancient Romans, while quarrying limestone for mortar,
    accidentally discovered a silica- and alumina-bearing mineral on
    the slopes of Mount Vesuvius that, when mixed with limestone and
    burned, produced a cement that exhibited a unique property.

    In time, it not only became the preferred mortar for use in all
    their building projects, but it also began to alter the character of
    Roman construction.

    Romans were the inventors of concrete construction.

    Knowledge of concrete construction was lost with the fall of the


    Roman Empire, not to be regained until the latter part of the 18th
    century.

    Joseph Aspdin, in 1824, patented an artificial cement that he


    named portland cement, after English Portland limestone, whose
    durability as a building stone was legendary.
    History

    Reinforced concrete, in which steel bars are embedded to


    resist tensile forces, was developed in the 1850s.

    J. L. Lambot, who built several reinforced concrete boats in


    Paris in 1854.

    Thaddeus Hyatt, who made and tested a number of


    reinforced concrete beams.
    Picture of J.L. Lambot
    The combination of steel and concrete did not come into
    widespread use until a French gardener, Joseph Monier,
    obtained a patent for reinforced concrete ower pots in 1867
    and went on to build concrete water tanks and bridges of the
    new material.

    Eugene Freyssinet, in the 1920s, establish a scientific basis


    for the design of prestressed concrete structures.

    Picture of RC boat by
    J.L. Lambot
    Steps In Manufacture Of Portland Cement
    Steps In Manufacture Of Portland Cement
    Steps In Manufacture Of Portland Cement
    Steps In Manufacture Of Portland Cement
    t.y.!

    REFERENCES:

    Fundamentals of Building Construction: M a t e r i a l s a n d M e t h o d s

    Dictionary of Architecture and Building construction by F.D.K. Ching

    You might also like