List of Energy and Environment Engineering MCQs

1. What do you mean by the term 'sustainability'?

A. It is the study of how natural systems functions and remain diverse and
produce everything it needs for the ecology to remain in balance
B. It is the capacity to do the work required for all life processes
C. It is the study which is also termed energy conversion, which is the process of
changing energy from one of its forms to another
D. None of the above

Answer: A) It is the study of how natural systems functions and remain diverse and
produce everything it needs for the ecology to remain in balance

Explanation:

It is the study of how natural systems functions and remain diverse and produce
everything it needs for the ecology to remain in balance.

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on the elements that place stress on the environment.

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6. Which of the following is a type of non-renewable resource?

A. Nuclear energy
B. Solar energy
C. Geothermal energy
D. Hydrogen and fuel cells

Answer: A) Nuclear energy

Explanation:

Nuclear energy is a type of non-renewable resource.

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7. Which of the following is energy relies on the nuclear fusion power from the
core of the sun?

A. Hydroelectric energy
B. Solar energy
C. Geothermal energy
D. Hydrogen and fuel cells

Answer: B) Solar energy

Explanation:

Solar energy relies on nuclear fusion power from the core of the sun.

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8. Which form of energy uses the gravitational potential of elevated water

which is lifted from the oceans by sunlight?

A. Hydroelectric energy
B. Biomass
C. Geothermal energy
D. Hydrogen and fuel cells

Answer: A) Hydroelectric energy

Explanation:

Hydroelectric energy uses the gravitational potential of elevated water which is lifted
from the oceans by sunlight.

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9. ____ these are not strictly renewable energy resources but are very abundant
in availability and are very low in pollution.

A. Hydroelectric energy
B. Biomass
C. Geothermal energy
D. Hydrogen and fuel cells
Answer: D) Hydrogen and fuel cells

Explanation:

Hydrogen and fuel cells are not strictly renewable energy resources but are very
abundant in availability and are very low in pollution.

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10. Production of alcohol for automobile fuel and fueling electric power plants
are the modern form of which energy.

A. Hydroelectric energy
B. Biomass
C. Geothermal energy
D. Hydrogen and fuel cells

Answer: B) Biomass

Explanation:

Some of the modern forms of biomass energy is methane generation and production
of alcohol for automobile fuel and fueling electric power plants.

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11. To make the energy transformation more efficient, it is desirable to avoid

thermal conversion.
Is this statement true or false?

A. True
B. False

Answer: A) True

Explanation:

To make the energy transformation more efficient, it is desirable to avoid thermal

conversion.
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12. A device that stores energy is sometimes called ____.

A. Battery
B. Accumulator
C. Magpie
D. All of the above

Answer: A) Battery

Explanation:

A device that stores energy is sometimes called a battery or accumulator.

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13. ____ generate huge amounts of electricity in just a single location.

A. Solar energy
B. Fossil fuels
C. Coal
D. A wind-up clock

Answer: B) Fossil fuels

Explanation:

Fossil Fuels generate huge amounts of electricity in just a single location.

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14. What is green energy?

A. It is the energy that is produced in such a way that it reduces coal

consumption
B. It is the energy that is produced in such a way as to minimize its negative
impact on the environment
C. It is the energy that is produced to reduce pollution
D. All of the above
Answer: B) It is the energy that is produced in such a way as to minimize its negative
impact on the environment

Explanation:

Green Energy is the energy that is produced in such a way as to minimize its negative
impact on the environment.

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17. State whether the statement is True or False?

'The organic matter produced by plants and their derivatives can be used for
thermal energy consumption.'

A. True
B. False

Answer: A) True

Explanation:

The organic matter produced by plants and their derivatives is called biomass and
this biomass can be used for thermal energy consumption.

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18. The energy sources, which provide a net supply of energy are called ____.

A. Primary energy sources

B. Secondary energy sources

Answer: A) Primary energy sources

Explanation:

The energy sources, which provide a net supply of energy, are called Primary energy
sources.

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19. What is the yield ratio?

A. It is defined as the energy consumed to the energy produced

B. It is defined as the energy produced to the energy consumed
C. It is defined as the energy fed back by the material to the energy received
from the environment
D. It is defined as the energy received from the environment to the energy fed
back by the material

Answer: C) It is defined as the energy fed back by the material to the energy
received from the environment

Explanation:

Yield ratio is defined as the energy fed back by the material to the energy received
from the environment.

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20. Primary energy sources have a ___ yield ratio.

A. Higher
B. Lower
C. Less than 0
D. More than 1

Answer: A) Higher

Explanation:

Primary energy sources have a higher yield ratio.

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21. The energy sources which do not produce net energy are called ____.

A. Primary energy sources

B. Secondary energy sources
Answer: B) Secondary energy sources

Explanation:

The energy sources which do not produce net energy are called secondary energy
sources.

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22. Oil, coal, natural gas, and nuclear power are some of the ____ energy
sources.

A. Primary energy sources

B. Secondary energy sources

Answer: A) Primary energy sources

Explanation:

Oil, coal, natural gas, and nuclear power are some of the primary energy sources.

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23. Solar energy, wind energy, and geothermal energy are some of the _____
energy sources.

A. Primary energy sources

B. Secondary energy sources

Answer: B) Secondary energy sources

Explanation:

Solar energy, wind energy, and geothermal energy are some of the secondary energy
sources.

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24. Secondary energy sources have ____ yield ratio.

 A. Higher
B. Less
C. Less than 0
D. More than 1

Answer: B) Less

Explanation:

Secondary energy sources have a much less yield ratio

26. What are aero turbines?

A. Aero turbines convert wind energy to mechanical energy

B. Aero turbines convert kinetic energy to mechanical energy
C. Aero turbines convert the kinetic energy of wind to rotary mechanical energy
D. Aero turbines convert kinetic energy to wind energy

Answer: C) Aero turbines convert the kinetic energy of wind to rotary mechanical
energy

Explanation:

Aero turbines convert the kinetic energy of wind to rotary mechanical energy.

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27. Which energy is the cheapest of all renewable sources of energy?

A. Hydroelectric energy
B. Solar energy
C. Wind energy
D. Biomass

Answer: B) Solar energy

Explanation:

Among all the renewable energy solar energy is the cheapest form of renewable
energy, also it is a pollution-free source of energy.

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28. Which of the following is the disadvantage of a flat plate solar collector?

A. Flat plate solar collectors do not require orientation towards the sun
B. Flat plate solar collectors have low thermal efficiency
C. An anti-freezing solution has to be used to prevent the freezing of heat
transferring fluid
D. Both A and B
E. Both B and C
F. All of the above

Answer: E) Both B and C

Explanation:

Flat plate solar collectors have low thermal efficiency and an anti-freezing solution
has to be used to prevent the freezing of heat transferring fluid these are the
disadvantage of flat plate solar collectors.

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30. In how many ways electricity can be generated from solar energy?

A. There is only 1 way to generate electricity from solar energy

B. There are 2 ways in which we can generate electricity from solar energy
C. There are more than 2 ways in which we can generate electricity from solar
energy
D. All of the above

Answer: C) There are more than 2 ways in which we can generate electricity from
solar energy

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31. In which of the following way of electricity generation from solar energy,
solar energy is first collected by using a solar pond, a flat plate collector, and
turn-able mirrors?
 A. In solar thermal power production system
B. In solar photovoltaic cells

Answer: A) In solar thermal power production system

Explanation:

In a solar thermal power production system, solar energy is first collected by using a
solar pond, a flat plate collector, and turn-able mirrors.

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32. What is the photovoltaic effect?

A. The photovoltaic effect can be defined as the generation of an electromotive

force due to the absorption of ionizing radiation
B. The photovoltaic effect is the energy that is used to increase the internal
energy or temperature of a fluid
C. The photovoltaic effect is the conversion of solar energy into kinetic energy to
electrical energy
D. All of the above

Answer: A) The photovoltaic effect can be defined as the generation of an

electromotive force due to the absorption of ionizing radiation

Explanation:

Photovoltaic effect can be defined as the generation of an electromotive force due to

the absorption of ionizing radiation.

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33. Photovoltaic Cells are made up of ____ that generate electricity when they
absorb light.

A. Photons
B. Electrons
C. Semiconductors
D. Conductors

Answer: C) Semiconductors
Explanation:

Photovoltaic Cells are made up of semiconductors that generate electricity when

they absorb light.

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34. How many types of solar heating systems are there?

A. 1 type
B. 2 types
C. 3 types
D. More than 2 types

Answer: B) 2 types

Explanation:

There are 2 types of solar heating systems active and passive.

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35. In which solar heating system, solar radiation is collected by some part of
the structure itself or admitted directly into the building through large south-
facing windows.

A. Active systems
B. Passive systems

Answer: B) Passive systems

Explanation:

In passive systems, solar radiation is collected by some part of the structure itself or
admitted directly into the building through large south-facing Windows.

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36. In which Solar Heating System, Solar collectors are used for warming the
spaces by heating either water or air.
 A. Active systems
B. Passive systems

Answer: A) Active systems

Explanation:

In active systems, solar collectors are used for warming the spaces by heating either
water or air.

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37. Which of the following are the major merits of solar PV systems over
conventional power systems?

A. The solar PV system can be located at the place of use and hence no or
minimum distribution network is required as it is universally available
B. They have wide power handling capabilities from microwatts to Kilowatts or
even megawatts
C. These systems are quite compatible with almost all environment responses
instantaneously to solar radiation and have a long effective life
D. All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

Explanation:

The major advantages of Solar PV systems are:

• The solar PV system can be located at the place of use and hence no or
minimum distribution network is required as it is universally available
• They have wide power handling capabilities from microwatts to Kilowatts or
even megawatts
• These systems are quite compatible with almost all environment responses
instantaneously to solar radiation and have a long effective life

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38. State whether the statement is true or false - The efficiency of solar cells is
high?
 A. True
B. False

Answer: B) False

Explanation:

The efficiency of solar cells is low as solar radiation density is also low.

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39. State whether the statement is true or false – 'The solar cell output is always
constant it does not vary anytime.'

A. True
B. False

Answer: B) False

Explanation:

The solar cell output is not constant and varies with the time of the day and weather.

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41. ____ is the process of combining two lighter nuclei into heavier a nucleus?

A. Nuclear fission
B. Nuclear fusion

Answer: B) Nuclear fusion

Explanation:

Nuclear fusion is the process of combining two lighter nuclei into heavier a nucleus.

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42. Among the following statements, which of the following is correct?

 • Statement 1: During fission, protons are emitted
• Statement 2: During fusion, neutrons are emitted

A. Only Statement 1 is correct

B. Only Statement 2 is correct
C. Both Statements are correct
D. Both Statements are wrong

Answer: D) Both Statements are wrong

Explanation:

Correct statements are: During fission neutrons are emitted and during fusion,
protons are emitted.

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43. Nuclear Fission and nuclear fusion using which can be performed under
controlled conditions?

A. Nuclear fission
B. Nuclear fusion

Answer: A) Nuclear fission

Explanation:

Only Nuclear fission can be performed under controlled conditions whereas nuclear
fusion cannot be performed under controlled conditions.

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44. Among Nuclear Fission and nuclear fusion which is more harmful?

A. Nuclear fission
B. Nuclear fusion

Answer: A) Nuclear fission

Explanation:
Nuclear fission is harmful as the end product is hazardous substances whereas in
nuclear fusion the end product is harmless helium.

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47. The cells of a battery are connected in ____?

A. Series
B. Parallel

Answer: A) Series

85. ____ Is a high-temperature thermal process also an alternative to an

incineration.

A. Incineration
B. Inundation
C. Inoculation
D. Pyrolysis

Answer: D) Pyrolysis