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Introduction To IT - Networks and The Internet Cheatsheet - Codecademy

The document provides an introduction to key concepts in information technology including the internet, world wide web, client-server model, responsive web design, TCP/IP, OSI model, network layers, categories of networks, and common network protocols. It explains that the internet refers to the global network of connected devices, while the world wide web is the collection of interlinked websites accessed via the internet. It also outlines the layers of the OSI model and how TCP/IP model forms the basis for internet communication.

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Joem Sampang
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112 views4 pages

Introduction To IT - Networks and The Internet Cheatsheet - Codecademy

The document provides an introduction to key concepts in information technology including the internet, world wide web, client-server model, responsive web design, TCP/IP, OSI model, network layers, categories of networks, and common network protocols. It explains that the internet refers to the global network of connected devices, while the world wide web is the collection of interlinked websites accessed via the internet. It also outlines the layers of the OSI model and how TCP/IP model forms the basis for internet communication.

Uploaded by

Joem Sampang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cheatsheets / Introduction to IT

Networks and The Internet

The Internet
The internet refers to the actual network of connected
computing devices.

The World Wide Web


The world wide web is a collection of interlinked websites
and other web resources that use the internet to share
data.

The Client-Server Model


The client-server model describes how the flow of data is
transferred on the internet.

Web 2.0 Applications


Web 2.0 applications provide a dynamic user experience
by:
Responding to user input without having to reload
the page
Emphasizing user-generated content and social
sharing.
This was made possible through technical advances such
as JQuery and web frameworks.

Mobile Internet Traffic


Mobile internet traffic accounts for more than half of all
internet traffic and has caused web development
practices to provide a good user experience regardless of
device type.
Responsive Web Design
Responsive web design allows the presentation of
websites to adjust based on the size of the window in
which they are displayed.

Mobile Application Connection


Mobile applications are not a part of the world wide web
although most of them are connected to the internet.

TCP/IP
Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol
(TCP/IP) are standards for data transfer which allow
networks all over the globe to communicate with each
other.

OSI Model
The OSI Model is a conceptual, implementation-neutral
model that describes networking in seven separate layers,
where each layer covers a set of functions and tasks.
This model helps us communicate while we do network
troubleshooting and architecture.

TCP/IP Model
The TCP/IP Model is an implementation-specific
networking model that revolves around the TCP protocol
and IP addressing which anchor the Internet as we know
it.
Its layers include:
The Network Layer
The Internet Layer
The Transport Layer
The Application Layer

OSI Layers
The OSI layers include: Physical, Data Link, Network,
Transport, Session, Presentation, and Application.
The Physical layer includes physical technologies
The Data Link layer includes data framing and
local MAC addressing
The Network layer includes connecting to the
larger web and IP addressing
The Transport layer includes protocols that make
sure reliable delivery happens
The Session layer authenticates and maintains
communication over a period of time
The Presentation layer en/decrypts and translates
data into presentable form
The Application layer includes all the applications
we interact with that render data

Network Categories
Three broad categories of networks include:
Local Area Network (LAN), a smaller-sized
network that connects multiple devices in a small
area
Campus Area Network (CAN), a larger network
that connects multiple computers and devices
over a slightly larger area
Wide Area Network (WAN), the largest-sized
network that connects multiple computers, over a
geographically large area
The Internet is technically a WAN.

Network
A network is two or more computers or devices that are
linked in order to share information.
Networking refers to a large set of standards and
protocols that organize and regulate the sharing of
information.

Network Protocols
A network protocol is a set of standards for Internet
traffic.
Among them are the big transport protocols:
TCP and UDP
HTTP for web requests
DNS to convert domain names to IP addresses
IMAP/POP3 for email
SSH
FTP
SMB for access to specific resources

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