PHILIPPINE CHURCH ARCHITECTURE  VIGAN CHURCH, Ilocos Sur

 finished in 1800
 located within the grid iron planned streets of a colonial
CHURCH ARCHITECTURE town
 simple, patterned after early Christian types; either rectangular or  baroque elements include protruding columns and solid
cruciform with simple naves and aisles frames; three arched doorways leading to three naves at the
 thick walls reinforced with heavy buttresses for earthquakes first level, guarded by ionic pillars with chinese fu dogs
protection  urn-like finial at pediment
 immense sizes because of colonial policy which dictated that a church
should be built for every 5000 baptized
 materials used include: volcanic tuff (adobe), hardened lava, volcanic
ejecta, sandstone, river boulders, clay, corals, limestone, oyster
shells, eggs

SIGNIFICANT EXAMPLES
 PAOAY CHURCH, Ilocos Norte
 built in 1694 by Antonio Estavillo, completed 1702-1710
 façade: rectangular, with arched doorway, four continuous
pilasters alternating with niches
 finials and crenellations at pediment niche at the apex
 huge volutes with low relief lines tracing the contour to
disguise the large buttresses

 SANTA MARIA CHURCH, Ilocos Sur

 constructed late 18th century, 85 steps leading to the
church was built by Augustinian Benigno Fernandez
 massive brick church perched on a hill
 façade has circular buttresses, three openings and a blind
niche, semi-circular pediment

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 TUMAUINI CHURCH, Isabela  BARASOAIN CHURCH, Bulacan
 begun 1783-1788 by Dominican Domingo Forto and town  1871-1878 : stone church was constructed to replace
mayor Pablo Sason; 1803-1808 – circular belltower was wooden structure; 1880 – earthquake ruined the church
completed  1885 : Augustinian Juan Giron commissioned a builder
 pampango artisans carved the hardwood molds for the named Magpayo to rebuild the church
clay insets that decorate the church  variation on the circle motif
 ultra-baroque : unique for its extensive use of baked clay  flutings on pilasters with ends blunted into semicircles
both for wall finishes and ornamentation detract from the NeoClassical
 ornamental details : serpentine reliefs, spiral curves,  belltower has a cubic base, three layes accented by blind
flowers, foliage, sunfaces, cherubs and saints and open windows, top has crenellations and six-sided cone
 circular belltower with white limestone finish, decorated with
bright red clay rosettes and festoons

 ANGAT CHURCH, Bulacan

 begun 1756-1773 by Augustinian Gregorio Giner;
completed in 1802 by Fray Joaquin Calvo
 baroque style : coupled Corinthian and Doric columns
divide façade into levels or segments, statues ringed with
wreath-like ornaments flank niches, windows with bas-relief
“curtains”
 plain three-storey belltower with balustered top

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 SAN SEBASTIAN CHURCH, Manila  plaza adorned with Fu dogs represents colonial urban
 a church built for all times after previous churches were planning
damaged by earthquakes in 1863 and 1880  High Renaissance : superpositioned Tuscan orders at first
 designed in the Gothic style (without flying buttresses) by level, Corinthian capitals at second level; circular windows at
Genaro Palacios in Revivalist architecture plain pediment; heavily carved, two-paneled main door with
 made entirely of steel; plans were sent to Belgium where the images of St. Augustine and St. Monica amidst Philippine
parts were made in sections then transported to Manila flora
 interiors were painted to resemble faux marble; adorned  nave is flanked by 12 collateral chapels each housing a
with sculpture by Eusebio Garcia and painting by Lorenzo Baroque or NeoClassic retablo
Rocha  Baroque elements include trompe l’oeil : sculpture by Italian
artists Cesare Dibella and Giovanni Alberoni on the
ceiling and pilasters
 cloisters built around an atrium with a garden planted by
Augustinian botaninst Manuel Blanco

 SAN AUGUSTIN CHURCH, Manila

 oldest church in the Philippines; built 1587-1607 by
Juan Macias according to the plans approved by the Royal
Audencia de Mexico and by a Royal Cedula
 1854 : Don Luciano Oliver (Municipal Architect of Manila)
directed the renovation of the façade by adding to the
height of the towers; these towers were damaged in the
1863 earthquake and were never rebuilt

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 TAAL CHURCH, Batangas  DARAGA CHURCH, Albay
 1858 : Fray Marcos Anton, with the help of the architect  established by people who fled the eruption of Mt. Mayon
Don Luciano Oliver, started construction; the church was form Cagsawa
completed in 1878  the Franciscan wanted a church with the best features of
 built on top of a hill and may be reached through flagstone Romanesque and Gothic, but it was executed by the carvers
steps, unobstructed by other buildings in Baroque
 façade : arched windows alternate with Ionic columns at  façade : a whole tablet without columns and cornices, only
first level, Corinthian at upper level; projected cornices and symmetrically positioned fenestrations, apertures and
mouldings; three pediments niches; whorls, twisted columns, foliage, medallions, statues
 interior is cavernous bur drab with stout piers and semi- and reliefs
circular apse : mathematical exactness rather than
ornamentation

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 MIAGAO CHURCH, Iloilo  SANTO NINO DE CEBU BASILICA, Cebu
 present church was built 1786-1797 under the supervision of  built by Fray Juan de Albarran about 400 years ago, on
fray Francisco Gonzales Maximo; a storey was added to the site where a soldier found an image of the Sto. Nino in a
the left belfry in 1830 settlement that the Spanish soldiers have burned down
 also served as fortress against Muslim pirates, simple and  the Convent was founded in 1565, making it the first to be
massive structure mixed with ornate details built in the country
 local botanical motifs at façade reliefs reminiscent of cookie  constructed with stones from Panay and Capiz
cutouts (de gajeta), used to describe 16th century Mexican  façade : blending of Moorish, Romanesque and NeoClassical
architectural reliefs elements; trefoils on the doorways; two levels divided into
three segments and topped by pediment; retablo at the
center
 belltower has four-sided balustraded dome
 interior : pierced screen with floral motifs, pineapple decors
at the choirloft, corn cobs at the capital

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