7/8
TLE CSS
Quarter 1 – Module 7:
Testing Electronic
Components (Part 1)
TLE Computer System Servicing – Grade 7/8
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 7: Testing Electronic Components [Part 1]
First Edition, 2020
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Development Team of the Module
Writer: Jose Joel B. Moso
Editors: Latreia E. Estabillo, Dawn Hope Almuena, Mary Joy Velasco
Reviewers: Evelyn C. Frusa PhD, Grace J. Miravalles, Rolex H. Lotilla and Arvin M. Tejada
Illustrator:
Layout Artist: Janice G. Arroyo
Cover Art Designer: Reggie D. Galindez
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Arturo D. Tingson Jr. – REPS, LRMS
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[email protected] 7/8
TLE Computer
Systems Servicing
Quarter 1 – Module 6.1:
Testing Electronic
Components (Part 1)
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the TLE Computer System Servicing with Grade 7/8 Self-Learning
Module (SLM) on Testing Electronic Components (Part 1).
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:
Notes to the Teacher
This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:
Welcome to the TLE Computer System Servicing - Grade 7/8 Self-Learning Module
(SLM) on Testing Electronics Components (Part 1).
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.
What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to
check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.
What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link
the current lesson with the previous one.
What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be
introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.
What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the
lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.
What’s More This comprises activities for independent
practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.
What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank
sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.
What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.
Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given
to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.
Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the
module.
At the end of this module you will also find:
References This is a list of all sources used in developing
this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
What I Need to Know
Defective electronic components hamper the operation of your electronic device.
Aside from damaging your electronic device, it may cause injury in a worst scenario.
In this module, you will learn how to test electronic components to determine if it
needs to be repaired or replaced. It covers common competencies for you to possess.
These competencies are;
LO 1. Determine criteria for testing electronic components [TLE_IACSS9-12TEC-IVa-
c-24],
LO 2. Plan an approach for components testing [TLE_IACSS9-12TEC-IVc-e-25]
Objectives
After going through this module, you are expected to do the following;
1. Obtain and clarify work instructions based on job order or client
requirements
2. Consult responsible person for effective and proper work coordination
3. Obtain and interpret data sheets/application notes based on
manufacturer’s specifications
4. Define testing criteria to ensure that components meet technical and
quality requirements
5. Identify various testing methods based on types of electronic components
6. Prepare and check required test and measuring instruments and tools in
accordance with established procedures
7. Establish record system to document testing results, including problems
and faults
Before going through, let us define first the following terms;
Multi-tester a measuring instrument with multiple functions; an ohmmeter,
voltmeter, and ammeter
Troubleshooting the process of locating and diagnosing malfunctions or breakdown
in equipment by means of systematic checking or analysis.
Fault a problem or bad part that prevents something (e.g. circuit) from functioning
well as it is expected
Open a defect that occur in a component where there is no continuous flow of electric
current
Shorted a defect developed in component where there is an excessive flow of electric
current
Analog relating to a device or process in which data is represented by physical
quantities that change continuously
Digital relating to information that is stored in the form of the number 0 and 1 or
called binary numbers
What I Know
Pre-test
Test I: Matching Type
Match the components in column A with its schematic symbol in column B
Column A Column B
Actual Component Component Symbol
A.
1.
2. B.
C.
3.
D.
4.
E.
5.
6. F.
7. G.
H.
8.
I.
9.
J.
10.
Test II: Multiple Choice
Write only the letter that correspond to your answer
11. Which of the following component does not belong to the group?
a. Resistor c. Transistor
b. Capacitor d. inductor
12. Resistor : Ohms ; Capacitor : _________
a. watts c. volts
b. farad d. ampere
13. In testing, to acquire an accurate result, the component tested must be
a. mounted on the circuit board c. taken out from the circuit board
b. mounted on the board and energized d. all of the above
14. This is a troubleshooting step where a technician must collect as much
information about the system, the circuit, and the components used.
a. component testing c. diagnosing
b. repairing d. isolating defective component
15. Good troubleshooting is
a. a matter of luck c. begun by measuring all voltages
b. a logical and orderly procedure d. always done with the power off
Lesson
Testing Electronics
6 Components [Part 1]
Each device has its own purpose, it helps a lot to finish our task in a shorter
time and make our life easier. Often, we use it and in some instances it fails to
function. A defective device affects our work and sometimes it can cause injury.
In order to bring back the usability of the device it needs to be tested to determine
the problem in order to fix it. In this module, learners will learn how to test
electronic components, familiarize the tools needed to test the components as well
as the safety in conducting the test.
What’s In
In your previous lessons, you were taught how to terminate and connect
electronics circuit. Due to frequent use of our devices, it is not avoidable that
something not good will happen to some components or parts of our device. As part
of testing of functionality of a device/equipment, we will review first the different
component symbols used in schematic diagrams.
Common Components and their Schematic Symbols
Name/Description Actual Component Schematic Symbol
(a)
Resistor
Fixed resistors (a) carbon
composition resistor (b)
wirewound resistor
b)
Non Polarized Capacitor
Common types are Mylar
and Ceramic
Electrolytic Capacitor
It is polarized type of
capacitor
Rectifier Diode
Used primarily in
converting AC to DC
Light Emitting Diode
Emits light when current
flow through it
Transformer
Usually these is a step
down Power transformer
Inductor
A coil of wire
NPN Transistor
The three leads are: base,
emitter and collector
PNP Transistor
Integrated Circuit (IC)
Composed of resistors,
diodes and transistors in
a package
Speaker
An audio output device
Relay Switch
Electrically controlled
switch
Notes to the Teacher
Guide the learners in using the tools and materials to
attain the correct output of testing.
Apply OHS procedure when performing the actual
testing
What’s New
An effective electronics technician or troubleshooter must have a thorough
knowledge of electronics, test equipment, troubleshooting techniques, and
equipment repair. Analog and digital circuits occasionally fail, and in most cases a
technician is required to quickly locate the problem within the system and then make
the repair. The procedure for fixing a failure can be broken down into three basic
steps.
Step 1: DIAGNOSE
The first step is to determine whether a problem really exists. To carry out this step,
a technician must collect as much information about the system, the circuit, and the
components used, and then diagnose the problem.
Step 2: ISOLATE
The second step is to apply a logical and sequential reasoning process to isolate the
problem. In this step, a technician will operate, observe, test, and apply
troubleshooting techniques in order to isolate the malfunction.
Step 3: REPAIR
The third and final step is to make the actual repair and final test the circuit.
To troubleshoot, you will need a thorough knowledge of troubleshooting techniques,
a very good understanding of test equipment, documentation in the form of technical
and service manuals, and experience.
Basic Measuring and Test Equipment
A variety of test equipment is available to help you troubleshoot analog or digital
circuits and systems. Some are standard, such as the Multi-tester and oscilloscope,
which can be used for either analog or digital circuits. Other test instruments, such
as the logic clip, logic probe, logic pulser, and current tracer, have been designed
specifically to test digital logic circuits.
The Analog Multi-tester
The analog Multi-tester, also known as a VOM (volt-
ohm-milliammeter), is an electronic measuring
instrument that combines several measurement
functions in one unit. A typical multimeter can
measure voltage, current, and resistance.
The Digital Multimeter
A digital multimeter is a test tool used to measure
two or more electrical values—principally voltage
(volts), current (amps) and resistance (ohms). It is
a standard diagnostic tool for technicians in the
electrical/electronic industries.
Oscilloscope
Oscilloscopes, or scopes are an important tool of
an electronics engineer or tester. An oscilloscope
is an item of electronics test equipment that
enables waveforms to be seen and in this way
makes it very much easier to see any problems
occurring in an electronics circuit.
Component Substitution
In many cases it is possible to replace a failed component with an exact
replacement. The use of "exact" is often critical. Unfortunately, there are times
when an exact replacement is unavailable. This is particularly true if the
equipment is old or imported. In such cases you may have no choice but to
substitute with a close rather than exact replacement. This is permissible in many
cases, provided that several important factors are kept in mind.
This should be equal to or greater than that of the original component. In the case
of test and measuring instruments, capacitors should not only be close-tolerance
types but should also be high-stability components. As with resistors, if the
capacitors used here change with age or temperature, the instrument will become
unreliable.
a. Transformer
Replacement should have the same turns ratio, voltage/current ratio and rating as
the original component. The power rating (VA) and frequency range are also
important.
b. Transistor
Transistor substitution is fairly common, particularly with lower cost equipment. In
some cases you may have a choice between a numbers of different transistors. At
other times the replacement must be exact.
c. Resistors
Be sure that the replacement component has the same power rating and resistance
value. Its tolerance must be at least as good, and can be better.
d. Capacitors
Ensure that the replacement component has the same capacitance value as that of
the original, and that its tolerance is the same or better. The working voltage rating
must also be the same or better (greater).
e. Other Components
The same considerations apply to other types of components (diodes, fuses,
speakers, etc.). In every case, it is necessary to proceed with caution, and to be
sure that the replacement is correctly rated.
Datasheet
A datasheet, data-sheet, or specification sheet is a document that summarizes the
performance and other characteristics of a product, machine, component (e.g.,
an electronic component), material, subsystem (e.g., a power supply), or software in
sufficient detail that allows a buyer to understand what the product is and a design
engineer to understand the role of the component in the overall system. In
component substitution, it’s safer and reliable to consult the specifications of certain
component.
Sample datasheet
https://intranet.ctism.ufsm.br/gsec/Datasheets/IRF740.PDF
What is It
Activity 1
Answer the following in your test notebook.
A. Explain how to use a Multi-tester in troubleshooting and testing works.
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
B. Based on the sample datasheet, what is the name of the component shown?
________________________
C. Cite at least three specifications or characteristics of this component.
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
D. Draw the schematic symbol of the component shown in the datasheet.
What’s More
Activity 2
Identify the different electronic components found in the picture.
Figure 2: https://www.uchobby.com/index.php/2007/0 1
What I Have Learned
Activity 3
Write/Draw your answer in your test notebook
1. Explain the three basic steps in troubleshooting and repair of electronic circuits.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. Based on the circuit board in figure 2, draw the schematic symbols of the
numbered components.
__________________________________________________________________________________
What I Can Do
Activity 4
What are the factors to consider in substituting the following components?
1. Resistor
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. Capacitor
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. Diode
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
4. Transformer
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
5. Transistor
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Assessment
Post test
Matching type:
Match the different components in column A with their schematic symbol in column
B. write only the letter that correspond to your answer.
Column A Column B
Actual Component Component Symbol
A.
1.
2. B.
C.
3.
D.
4.
E.
5.
6. F.
7. G.
H.
8.
I.
9.
J.
10.
Test II: Multiple Choice
Write only the letter that correspond to your answer
11. Good troubleshooting is
a. a matter of luck c. begun by measuring all voltages
b. logical and orderly procedure d. always done with the power off
12. Which of the following component does not belong to the group?
a. Resistor c. Transistor
b. Capacitor d. inductor
13. Resistor : Ohms ; Capacitor : _________
a. watts c. volts
b. farad d. ampere
14. This is a troubleshooting step where a technician must collect as much
information about the system, the circuit, and the components used.
a. component testing c. diagnosing
b. repairing d. isolating defective component
15. In testing, to acquire an accurate result, the component tested must be
a. mounted on the circuit board c. taken out from the circuit board
b. mounted on the board and energized d. all of the above
Additional Activities
Activity 5
Find any defective electrical or electronic appliance in your home (e.g. computer,
radio, TV, cassette, karaoke, rice cooker, etc.). Identify what appliance you have.
Open it and try to inspect the internal parts of this. Enumerate and describe the
components you found inside.
Explain how this appliance function before it was damage.
In your own opinion what was the cause of the damage of this appliance?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Post Test Activity 2 Pre-test
1. D 1. diode 1. D
2. I 2. speaker 2. I
3. B 3. transistor 3. B
4. A 4. transformer 4. A
5. J 5. relay switch 5. J
6. G 6. inductor 6. G
7. C 7. IC 7. C
8. F 8. capacitor 8. F
9. E 9. crystal 9. E
10.H oscillator 10.H
11.B 10.resistor 11.C
12.C 12.B
13.B 13.C
14.C 14.C
15.C 15.B
Answer Key
References
Nigel P. Cook Electronics a Complete Course 2 nd Ed.
Marcelo T. Enriquez Electronics Technology IV
https://www.dreamstime.com/close-up-electronic-circuit-board-isolated-
white-background-close-up-electronic-circuit-board-isolated-white-
image172996845
https://www.dreamstime.com/close-up-electronic-components-desktop-
computer-motherboard-close-up-electronic-components-desktop-computer-
image172994526
https://intranet.ctism.ufsm.br/gsec/Datasheets/IRF740.PDF
DISCLAIMER
This Self-learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd SOCCSKSARGEN
with the primary objective of preparing for and addressing the new normal.
Contents of this module were based on DepEd’s Most Essential Learning
Competencies (MELC). This is a supplementary material to be used by all
learners of Region XII in all public schools beginning SY 2020-2021. The
process of LR development was observed in the production of this module.
This is version 1.0. We highly encourage feedback, comments, and
recommendations.
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN
Learning Resource Management System (LRMS)
Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal
Telefax No.: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893
