Easwari Engineering College
(Autonomous)
Department of Artificial Intelligence & Data Science
Year/Dept: I/AI&DS & I/AI&ML
Unit 2 Notes :
Topics: Conditional Statements, With Alternative Conditions, Conditional Statements
with Alternative Conditions, chained conditional and nested conditionals
Conditional statements checks for one condition before executing some code:
Example with syntax:
We can expand on this syntax to check for an alternative condition with an elif statement:
If the first condition provided with the if statement is not satisfied, then Python will check the
condition provided with the elif statement.
If the condition for elif is satisfied, then the code provided with it will execute.
However, if neither the if nor elif conditions are satisfied, then the code provided with else will
execute.
Syntax:
Chained Condition:
Chained conditional is a conditional that contains a series of alternative branches using if, elif
and else statements that are all indented at the same depth. There is no nesting in chained
conditional. On the other hand, nested conditional is where one conditional is nested within
another conditional.
Conditional Statements With Combinations of Conditions
Logical operators (e.g. and, or, not) allow you to create conditional statements that can check
for combinations of conditions. You can use:
• and to execute code if all specified conditions have been met
• or to execute code if at least one specified condition has been met
• not to execute code only if the specified condition has not been met (note that you can
use not in combination with and or or to check whether multiple conditions are not
met)
1. Check For Two Conditions Using and
We can check for multiple conditions by including and between two conditions.
Both conditions have to be satisfied in order for the code provided with the if statement to be
executed.
This means that if one condition is not satisfied, then the conditional statement executes the
code provided with else.
Syntax:
2. Check For At Least One Condition Using or
We can also write conditional statements that check whether at least one condition is true by
including or between two conditions.
Only one condition has to pass in order for the conditional statement to execute code provided
with if.
Example:
Chained Conditionals
Chained conditionals are simply a "chain" or a combination or multiple conditions. We can
combine conditions using the following three key words:
- and
- or
- not
The and keyword allows us to check if two conditions are true. If they are both true then the
entire condition is true. If one or both of them are false then the entire condition is false.
The or keyword allows us to check if one of two conditions is true. If one or both of the
conditions are true then then entire condition will be true. If both of the conditions are false
then the entire condition is false.
The not keyword allows us to check if an entire condition is false. If the condition is false it
will result in a true value. If the condition is true it will give us a false value (you can think of
it as reversing the condition).
Nested Statements
Now that we learnt about some basic logic and control structures in python we can move on to
nesting. Nesting is simply putting code inside of other code. For example placing an if
statement inside of an already existing if statement.
Prepared by,
Rohini A,
AP / AI&DS
