Report on VILLAGE ATTACHMENT (AGR 402)

SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (HONS.) IN AGRICULTURE

Submitted by ,
Name: Akilesh S V
Registration Number: 11901252
Under supervison of
Dr. Priyanka lal

School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University,

Phagwara-144401, Punjab, India
 Declaration

I hereby declare that the report presented herein is an authentic record of my work carried out
under Village Attachment Programme at K.G.Savadi,Ettimadai,Coimbatore,Tamilnadu as
requirement for the degree of Bachelor of Science (Hons.) in Agriculture, under the guidance
of Dr. Priyanka lal (26262),Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics
and Extension, School of Agriculture, lovely professional university and no part of this has
been copied from any other sources.

Akilesh S V
(Registration No.11901252)

Supervisor Name: Dr. Priyanka Lal

Designation: Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, School of Agriculture
 Acknowledgement

I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to Dr. Harmeet Singh Janeja,
HOD, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University for the support provided.I
would also extend my gratitude to Dr. Priyanka Lal ,Department of Agricultural
Ecnomics and Extension, Lovely Professional University for supporting and guiding me
till the end of the report.

I would like to thank the farmers of village

K.G.Savadi,Ettimadai,Coimbatore,Tamilnadu for providing the information for the
completion of my work and report.

Akilesh S V
(Reg no:11901252)
Table of content :

Chapter No Contents Page number

1 Introduction

2 Material and methodology

3 Result and Discussion

4 Summary and Conclusion

5 Annexures
Introduction :
Overview of the village :
• K.G.Savadi is a village in Ettimadai, Ettimadai is a suburb of Coimbatore in
the state of Tamilnadu, India.
• Ettimadai is located between Palakkad and Coimbatore along the Salem -
Kochi Highway (NH544) (old NH 47) close to Tamil Nadu - Kerala border.
• Ettimadai Town panchayat is one of the fast-growing south-western
suburbs of Coimbatore.
• The renowned Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, along with its
schools are situated here. It is 20 km (12 mi) from Gandhipuram, heart of
coimbatore city and it is home to a railway station.
• There are other colleges such as Venkateshwara College of Business and
Computer Applications, Nehru group of institution, Narayanana guru
college of arts and technology.
Location of the village :
• This place is approximately 21 km (13 mi) from Coimbatore city
centre and 34 km (21 mi) from Palakkad.
• Ettimadai as a suburb encloses other small villages, namely
K.G Chavadi, ChinnayaGounden Pudhur, Muruganpatti,
Solakkarai and Modamaatti.
• Ettimadai is well known for its natural scenic beauty of
mountain ranges since it is located along the foothills of the
western Ghats.
Demographics :
• As of 2001 India census,[2] Ettimadai had a population of 7887.
• Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%.
• Ettimadai has an average literacy rate of 56%, lower than the national
average of 59.5%: male literacy is 65%, and female literacy is 46%.
• In Ettimadai, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age. A
significant number of people migrated to southern Erode in the late
18th century
 Literacy rate of the village :
Literacy Rate Literacy rate by gender

44%
35%

56%

65%

literate Illitrate
Male Female
 NATURE OF WORK

The work involved in village attachment include surveying the village, Investigate
the farmers about their agricultural activities like what are the problems they are
facing while farming ,what are the advantages and disadvantages of farming in the
specific locality,transfering knowledge to the farmers by giving some suggestions to
improve the quality and quantity of their produce .And making them aware of new
technique that is available in the evolving branch of agricultural science . and to
perform a statistical analysis of the data collected from the framers
 MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY USED

The present investigation was carried out under field condition in the K.G.Savadi,Ettimadai,Coimbatore -641105

Geographical location:

Village: K.G.Savadi
Block: Ettimadai
State: Tamil Nadu
Latitude and longitude:10.869412’N, 76.886508’E
Area:16.44.sq.km
Parliamentary constituency: Ettimadai
Climatic condition :

• The climate of Coimbatore (or Kovai) is tropical semi-arid, slightly

tempered by altitude, with a dry period from December to April and a rainy
period in October and November.
• In the other months, the rains are quite irregular, and are generally not
abundant.
• Temperatures are high all year round, although they drop a bit from
November to January and increase from March to May, before the
southwest monsoon, when they reach the highest values of the year.
• We are in the south-eastern side of India, where the summer monsoon,
from June to September, brings little rain because it is hindered by the
Western Ghats. However, the wind and cloudiness brought by the
monsoon lower the temperature by a few degrees. Instead, the rains
increase in October and November, during the northeast monsoon period.
• Coimbatore is in the path of tropical cyclones. Typically, cyclones occur from April
to December, although the extreme south of India is normally affected only in
November and December. In any case, since the sea is warm all year round, in
theory they can also form from January to March, perhaps in light form (as
tropical storms).
• In Coimbatore, precipitation amounts to 600 millimeters (23.6 inches) per year:
so, it is at an intermediate level. It ranges from 4 mm (0.2 in) in the driest month
(February) to 160 mm (6.3 in) in the wettest one (October). Here is the average
precipitation.
Methodologies used during survey :
DATA COLLECTION:
It includes going to the house of the farmers and asking them about the crops they grow and about the
different practices they follow and about the other enterprises they run along with the farming and
about the initiatives taken by the government about storage and marketing facilities and about the
plant protection interventions about the input of the fertilizers asking the the farm workers about the
wages and the amount of work given to them in a day
DATA ANALYSIS:
The process contains use of the data collected from the farmers and the various source are put
together to find out the flaws and advantages in their way of farming and giving the solution to
improve the quality, quantity and profit of their produce with available knowledge that I have access .
RESULT AND DISCUSSION:

The analysis here done the basis of the data collected from the 5 farmers that I have selected.

ANNEXURE :
Annexure include the survey of the village and collection of basic details of the village K.G.Savadi and
the analysis is based on the data collected from 5 farmers which are as follows
• According to the farmers of the village most of the farmers have land less than 5
hectare.so the use of large machineries is difficult so they often tend to employee farm
workers which relatively increase the cost of production.
• The major crop grown here is rice,groundnut,tapioca,sugarcane,turmeric and coconut
• Since the village is in tropical zone temperature difference not so much the average
temperature is 25.5*C-36..2*C
• Most of the village has red loam soil.
Agronomical intervention :

No of farmers Current crop Previous crop

Farmer-1 Rice Wheat

Farmer-2 Rice Wheat

Farmer-3 Sugarcane Sugarcane

Farmer-4 Tapioca Turmeric

Farmer-5 Coconut Coconut

Size of land holding of each farmer:
Land holding by each farmer
30

25

20

15

10

0
Category 1

Farmer 1 Farmer 2 Farmer 3 Farmer 4 Farmer 5

• Due to the indivisibility of capital such as fixed inputs on machinery
and knowledge, average input cost per area of small-scale farms is
difficult to reduce. For large-scale farms, on the contrary, the fixed
cost per land area managed is small ,resulting in relatively higher
production efficiency.
• Large farmers are often go with plantation crop like coconut,mango.

Details of polyhouse cultivation :

• Type of polyhouse constructed-shade house
• Crops grown-some ornamrntal plant,tomato,chilli.ect
• Inputs used-grow bags,labour,cocopeat
• Output-sapling ranges from20-100rs
• Economic analysis4-6thousand\month
Constraints-transport :
Farmers with vegetables and fruit crops are way less in this particular village most of the
farmers go for agronomical crops. May be some of the farmers plant banana and some
vegetable for their household use.
Soil Improvement Interventions (Soil sampling and testing)
Name of schemes:
• Soil health scheme card
• Vivasai kuturavu sangam
• Krishi vigyan kendra
Objectives of the Programme:
This scheme aims at promoting soil test based balanced use of fertilizers and soil amendment to
enable farmers to get higher yields at low cost.
The main objective of the Soil Health Card Scheme is to create awareness for farmers about the
appropriate amount of nutrients for the crop depending on the quality and strength of the soil
Infrastructure:
Soil testing labs
Strategy:
Soil Health Card is a printed report that a farmer is given for all his land or holdings. It contains the status of
soil considering 12 parameters - N, P, K means Macro-nutrients, S (Secondary nutrient), Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn, Bo
such as Micronutrients and pH, EC, OC. Based on all this, the Soil Health Card will specify fertilizer
recommendations and soil changes required for the farm.
Scheme Structure:
With the issue of the Soil Health Card, the farmers will get a well-monitored report of the soil which is
chosen for the cultivation of crops.
The monitoring will be done on a regular basis and the farmers will be guided by experts to come up with
solutions to improve the quality of the soil.
Regular monitoring will also help the farmers to get a long-term Soil Health Record and thus
can study and evaluate the results of different soil management practices.
This Soil Health Card can become most helpful and effective when filled out regularly by the
same person over a period of time.
The idea is not to compare the varied soil types but to find out different ways to improve soil fertility, to
access the different types of soil and their ability to suppola crop production in spite of limitations and as per
their abilities.
The Soil Health Card will help the farmers to get an idea of the crop-wise recommendations of nutrients and
fertilizers required in each type of soil. This can also help in increasing crop yield.
Beneficiary:
• Farmers get detailed information about their farm soil health and Soil Health Card
also informs about the suitability of the soil for which crops. As per the media
reports, farmers can increase crop production by using balanced amounts of
fertilizers for the selected crop based on nutrients obtainable in the soil.
• A Soil Health Card informs that excessive use of fertilizers is not good for crops.
This Soil Health Card helps to save money to increase the fertility of the soil.
• Farmers can take clear decisions on crop selection and crop cultivation. Farmers
can know about various soil management practices. Soil card gives about
nutrient deficiency of the soil. The farmer will get the health card every 3 years
once. This SHC scheme covers all parts of the state and country. Experts provide
corrective measures for the problem soils.
• Soil Health Card scheme will properly examine the farmer's soil and give them
a formatted
• report so this can decide upon which types of crops to be cultivated for more
income.
• The appointed authorities will monitor the soil on a regular basis and once every
3 years will give a report to the farmers.
• The farmers will be regularly updated data on their soil. Under the SHC scheme,
the government will also employ professionals to help the farmers in adopting
remedial measures.
• With the help of this Scheme, the farmers can plan the future of their crops as
well as land.
Financial Assistance:
• The SHC scheme intends to cover 14 crore farmers and the scheme is implemented in all parts of the country.
• A sum of Rs. 190 per soil sample is provided to State Governments and covers the cost of collection of soil
samples and distribution of soil health cards to the farmer.

Role of Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs)

• Overseas implementation of the scheme
Monitoring:
• District agriculture officer is assigned to monitor the results of the soil testing done labs and the knowledge is
transferred to farmers
• Impact Assessment, Periodic Evaluation and Reporting
• Evaluation of soil samples is done on the basis of farmer request and in case severe crop loss in particular area
Expected Outcome:
• Improve and maintain the soil health of India
• Efficient use of fertilisers
• Increase food stability by profitable crop yield
• Status of distribution of Soil Health Cards
• More than 23crore soil health card have been distributed throught India .
Work Flow Chart:
• Soil health card scheme

Soil health card scheme

Taking samples Transfer of aquired

Awarness about
from farmer and infromation based
the scheme
testing in labs on tests to farmers
STOGRAGE AND MARKET FACILITY:

Local Market detail:

Each village has a local market to support the farmers to sell their produce locally. The village consists
of medium sized local market, where all purchase and sale of vegetables,fruits and other commodities
takes place.these shops are governed/maintained by their own shopkeeper’s.

Regional Market detail:

There is a Turmeric market located in Erode(District headquarters), most of the crops will be sold in
this market. This market has storage facilities to store the produce before the buyers transport it
according to their convenience. The market has farmers from all around the district. This acts as a
common ground for business.

National Market detail:

National Agriculture Market or eNAM is an online trading platform for agricultural commodities in India.
The market facilitates farmers, traders and buyers with online trading in commodities. The market
helpsin better price discovery and providing facilities for smooth marketing of produce.
Export oriented market detail:
No export facilities in the village.

Storage Facility (in village or nearest to village):

Private storage facility:

There are a few private funded storage facilities of capacities ranging from 900-3000 Metric tonne.
There are also cold storage facitlities available.
Public storage facility:
There are a few public funded storage faclities which has storage for different farmers and producers under the
same roof, capacities are higher in these kinds of facilities, 1000-5000 Metric Tonne.
ANIMAL PROTECTION INTERVTION:
The farmers here feel rearing animal gives sustainable income while crops take long time to harvest
.rearing animals give regular income which they can relay on.rearing he-buffalo is relatively easy
compared to other dairy animals since they will no produce any milk .
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION :
By completing village attachment I came to understand the practical reality of agriculture and able to speak to
the local farmers who had enormous experience on the field of agriculture .In my analysis on talking to farmers
agriculture is not the business of profit it is the way of living of people in the village but if it is done properly
profit is also an byproduct of agriculture.
THINGS I CAME TO KNOW :
The geography of the village
The crop that are cultivated in this specific village
Cost of agricultural practice in the village
What is wages that is offered to the male and female workers
Some of the farmers explained the methods of sowing harvesting and selling the produce that they have made
during the year
The waste material from the cattle is used as manure for the crop and reduce the usage of chemical fertilizer.
How they manage the water resourse that is available to them
What are the difiiculties in farming
How important to rear animals to get regular income even in the event of crop failure
IMPROVMENTS REQURIED:
• Awareness of new tech is missing in the village no one knows about integrated pest management
• The Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana was launched in 2016 to provide insurance and financial
support to farmers in the event of failure of any crops due to natural calamities, pests and
diseases. It was also meant to stabilise the income of farmers and ensure they remain in farming.
But the scheme has seen lower enrolments due to a string of factors, including high premiums
and lack of innovation by insurance firms.
• Introduction of latest technology has been limited due to a number of reasons. Access to modern
technology could act as a boost to productivity through improved variety of seeds, farm
implements and farming technology.
• Large gaps in storage, cold chains and limited connectivity have added to the woes of farmers. It
has also added to the significant post-harvest losses of fruit and vegetables, estimated at 4% to
16% of the total output
• Most of the famers are above 45ears old number of youth farmers is low comparied with old age
people this may hinders new technology to reach them.most of the farmers only have basic
school education
• In this particular village there is no KVK or any soil testing laboratory if they want use such facility
farmers need to travel far nearest KVK is 25KM away from the village
• The use of chemical fertilaizers are not regulated dosage of fertilizer and herbicides are not
regulated it is used as farmer see fit
• Irrigation facilities should be mordenized