PCM Chimie 1calcule2020 Ardelean Patrick

This document provides instructions on calculating molar concentration, molar mass, number of moles, and diluting solutions. It includes the following key points: 1. Molar concentration represents the amount of substance dissolved, expressed in moles, contained in 1 L of solution. 2. Common formulas are provided to calculate molar concentration, molar mass, number of moles, and the dilution of solutions. 3. Worked examples are shown for calculating values for common substances like NaCl, HCl, NaOH, and others to demonstrate the application of the formulas.

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PCM Chimie 1calcule2020 Ardelean Patrick

Uploaded by

Patrick Ardelean

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Referat calcule

Curs: Chimie

Profesor coordinator : Tolan Iolanda

Student: Ardelean Patrick
1. Concentratia molara reprezinta cantitatea de substanta dizolvata, exprimata in
numar de moli, care se gaseste intr-un volum de 1L solutie.

2. Relatia de calcul pentru concentratia molara este:

3. Masa molara reprezinta masa de substanta exprimata in grame, numeric egala

cu masa moleculara a acelei substante. – not.

4. hidroxid de sodiu : NaOH

MNaOH: MNa + MO + MH = 23 + 16 + 1 = 40g/mol

5. sulfat de aluminiu Al2(SO4)3:

MAl2(SO4)3: 2* MAl + 3 *MS + 12* MO = 2* 27 + 3* 32 + 12 * 16 = 54 + 96 +
192 = 342g/mol

6. Sulfat de cupru (piatra vanata) : MCuSO4 = MCu + MS + 4MO = 64 + 32 + 4

* 16 = 160
Apa : MH2O = 2MH + O = 2 + 16 = 18
=> Sulfat de cupru pentahidrat: MCuSO4 * 5H2O = 160 + 5 * 18 = 160 + 90 =
250g/mol

7. Sulfat de magneziu heptahidrat : MMgSO4·7H2O = MMg + MS + 4MO + 7 * 18

= 24 + 32 + 64 + 126 = 246g/mol

8. Nr Moli = Masa unei substante / Masa molara

9. NaOH = MNa + MO + MH = 23+16+1 = 40
n=m/M => 88:40 = 2.2 moli

10. 5H2O= 5 * 18 = 90g

11. Notatia : Solutie NaCl 2.5m semnifica faptul ca intr-un litru de solutie sunt
dizolvati 2.5 moli de substanta.

12. K2SO4 250mL sol 0.05m/L

MK2SO4 = 2MK + MS + 4MO = 2* 39 + 32 + 4 * 16 = 78 + 32 + 64 = 174g/mol
1000mL sol …………………………. 0.05 moli K2SO4
250mL sol …………………………… x

x = ( 0.05 * 250 ) / 1000 = 0.01

=> 1 mol K2SO4 …………………. 174g

0.01 K2SO4 ……………….. x
x = 174 * 0.01 = 1.74 g K2SO4

13. HCL 50mL sol 0.01m/L

MHCl = MH + MCl = 1 + 35 = 36 g/mol
1000 mL sol ……………… 0.01m/L
50mL sol ………………. x
x = ( 50 * 0.01 ) / 1000 = 0.5 / 1000 = 0.0005 m HCl

14. HCl 500mL sol 2.0m/L

MHCl = MH + MCl = 1 + 35 = 36 g/mol
1000mL sol …………………. 2.0m/L HCl
500mL sol ……………………… x
x= 2 * 500 / 1000 = 1

=> 1 mol HCl ………………. 36

1 ……………………. x
=> x = 36 g HCl

15. MKCl = MK + MCl = 39 + 35 = 74g/mol

V= 500cm3 = 0.5l
=> n =m/M = 7.5/74 = 0.1moli
Cm = 0.1/0.5 = 0.05 m

16. MNaOH = MNa + MO + MH =23 + 16 + 1 = 40

vNaOH = 1/40 = 0.025m NaOH
250mL sol ……………………… 0.025moli NaOH
1000mL sol …………………… x
x = 1000 * 0.025 / 250 = 25/250 = 0.1 m
17. NaCl 250mL sol 0.1m
MNaCl = MNa + MCl = 23 + 35 = 58 g/mol
1000mL sol ……………… 0.1m NaCl
250mL sol ………………. x
x = 0.1 * 250 / 1000 = 25 / 1000 = 0.025
1 mol NaCl ………….. 58g
0.025 moli NaCl ……… x
x = 58 * 0.025 / 1 = 1.45 / 1 = 1.45g NaCl