Ram Shanti College of Higher Education, Pandhurna Dist - Chhindwara {M.P.

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr. Rajjoo Nayak a student of BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION of this College has successfully completed the project work entitled Process of Communication and has submitted satisfactory report in this volume in partial fulfillment of graduate degree in B.B.A from Ram Shanti College of Higher Education, Pandhurna under my supervision. No part of this project work has been submitted for any Degree or Diploma or publish in any other form.

Asst. Prof. Kiran Kakde Dr. R. K. Arya

Prof.

Project Supervisor (Principal)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Language, though, insufficient, yet is the only medium to express our gratitude to ones indebtedness. I express my sincere and deepest sense of gratitude to my project guide

Asst. Prof. Kiran Kakde

for his valuable guidance and necessary help. He has not only guided me on the academic front but also provided with some most useful insights in life. I also wish to express my deep heartiest thanks to faculty members & friends who helped me for this project by offering their expertise and support. Lastly I express my deepest gratitude to all the persons who directly contributed for successful completion of my project.

Rajjoo Nayak
BBA - I Year

DECLARATION
I, Rajjoo Nayak hereby declare that the dissertation titled Process of Communication Submitted to
DR. HARISINGH GOUR VISHVAVIDYALAYA, SAGAR

University in the fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree of BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION is a result of my own efforts carried out under continuous and inspiring guidance of

Asst. Prof. Kiran Kakde

I further declare that I have not submitted this dissertation to this or any other University for award of any degree, diploma or certificate examination.

Place : Pandhurna

Rajjoo Nayak

Date :

BBA - I Year

Contents

Communication Process Lesson Plan

Body of the Lesson Conclusion Bibliography

Communication Process
Overview: This lesson teaches learners to define the elements of effective communication and its process. It will focus on communication as the best way to convey meaning and introduce barriers to the communication process. Students will learn the communication process loop and its key elements. Educational Goal: The goal of this lesson is for each learner to: (1) Comprehend the elements of the communication process and (2) Respond positively to it and how it applies to their goals and lives. Objectives: Cognitive: Define effective communication Explain the elements of the communication process, the best communication approach (transaction), and internal and external barriers. Affective: Describe the value of effective communication and its various elements. Skills Connection:

How it relates: Learners must talk with respect, listen for understanding, get along with others, and speak so others can understand in order to use the Communication Process effectively as it applies to their life and goals as parents, workers, and citizens. This lesson has connections with the Tennessee KSA Listen for Understanding, Talking With Respect and Getting Along With Others; and the EFF Standards Listen Actively and Speak So Others Can Understand. (Appendix II) Teaching Strategy: The concepts of effective communication, the communication process, and overcoming barriers are all critical pieces to our ability to function in the world and cooperate with others and are all tied to our ability to communicate effectively. Learners were introduced to the communication process during the first day introductions. The Communication Process Loop should be displayed in the room. Throughout Learning Skills, teachers can use this visual to review the communication loop and to help students remember the process. The lesson is taught using the Read, Write and Discuss method. The teacher will begin the lesson by defining communication, identifying the elements of the communication process, and explaining why it is important. Direct learners to take notes from the board and draw the visual of the communication loop in their notes. Teachers will facilitate the discussion by asking students to recall their experiences with communication and participate in a learning activity that demonstrates the problems that can occur with one-way communication.

Lesson Plan
Homework Review: Academic Survival Guide Thought for the Day Education is our passport to the future, for tomorrow belongs to those who prepare for it today. Malcolm X Prepare for success today. Dont procrastinate by putting things off. Get educated in order to create a bridge to your future. Introduction Communication is the process of sharing our ideas, thoughts, and feelings with other people and having those ideas, thoughts, and feelings understood by the people we are talking with.When we communicate we speak, listen, and observe. The way we communicate is a learned style. As children we learn from watching our parents and other adults communicate. As an adult we can learn to improve the way we communicate by observing others who communicate effectively, learning new skills, and practicing those skills. Attention: The ability to effectively communicate at work, home, and in life is probably one of the most important sets of skills a person needs. What would our life and world be like without communication? We cannot get along without it. It is also not easy, and we all have probably had

experiences where our communication failed or ran into a barrier. So, if we can understand the communication process better and improve it, we will become a more effective and successful communicator. Objective: (To demonstrate the many problems of misunderstanding that can occur in a one-way communication.) Motivation: As you continue to reach your goals, specifically your educational goals, communication will become increasingly more important. The ability to effectively communicate is a primary skill. The more you become an effective communicator the more likely you are to achieve what you want. Over 80% of your waking life is spent sending or receiving information. Poor communication can waste time and energy and cause conflict between people. Lets think of how you can benefit by improving your communication skills: You will have a clearer understanding of what people are saying to you, others will be less likely to misunderstand you, problems will be solved quickly, you will be able to identify others needs and you will be able to resolve conflict. At another time we will take a more in-depth look at the EFF Communication Standards of Speaking So Others Understand and Listen Actively. At this point we are putting those communication skills into the larger context. This lesson provides a foundation for developing effective communication skills at work, at home with the family, and in our everyday activities. Overview for Learners: This lesson will cover what effective communication is, the key elements of the process, the various ways we communicate, and a brief look

at barriers that get in the way. Lets begin by looking at the definition of effective communication.

Body of the Lesson

Main Point 1. Effective Communication
A good working definition for effective communication is to share meaning and understanding between the person sending the message and the person receiving the message. The key element is understanding. Lead-off Question: How have you had a communication problem or failure to communicate?

Anticipated Responses: Students will offer a variety of personal experiences that illustrate difficulty in communicating. Follow-up Question: Was there a miscommunication because of a lack of understanding? Anticipated Responses: Yes, explore the students responses.

So in order to be an effective communicator, we must first and foremost be understood in our various communications.

Main Point 2. Communication Process

Now that you understand the purposes of effective communication, lets take a closer look at the elements in the communication process. By analyzing the parts of the process, we are better able to understand the whole. The communication process is a simple model that demonstrates all the factors that can affect communication. Communication is effective if the message that is received is the same one that is sent. Communication Process and the Key Elements: Tell students to look at the communication loop. Explain that the Communication Process breaks down effective communication into the following steps: Sender

A.

The communicator or sender is the person who is sending the message. There are two factors that will determine how effective the communicator will be. The first factor is the communicators attitude. It must be positive. The second factor is the communicators selection of meaningful symbols, or selecting the right symbols depending on your audience and the right environment. Talk about a few wrong examples. Question: Name some of the ways we communicate. Anticipated Responses: Talking, speaking Writing Pictures, symbols, diagrams, charts, etc.

B.Message A communication in writing, in speech, or by signals C.Receiver The receiver is simply the person receiving the message, making sense of it, or understanding and translating it into meaning. Now think about this for a moment: the receiver is also a communicator. How can that be? (When receiver responds, he is then the communicator.) Communication is only successful when the reaction of the receiver is that which the communicator intended. Effective communication takes place with shared meaning and understanding. D. Feedback Feedback is that reaction I just mentioned. It can be a verbal or nonverbal reaction or response. It can be external feedback (something we see) or internal feedback (something we cant see), like self-examination. Its the feedback that allows the communicator to adjust his message and be more effective. Without feedback, there would be no way of knowing if meaning had been shared or if understanding had taken place. Discuss that communication is a two-way process. The information goes out to a person on the other end. There is a sender and a receiver. Simply put, effective communication is getting your message across to the receiver. It is the senders responsibility to make sure that the receiver gets the message and that the message received is the one sent. Communicating is not an isolated series of one skill, it involves several skills. For example, speaking involves not only getting your message across but also being able to listen and understand what others are saying (active listening) and observing the verbal and nonverbal clues in order to monitor the effectiveness of your message.

Main Point 3. Barriers

Have you ever been talking to someone and they misunderstand what you were saying? Why do you think that happens? (Give learners the opportunity to share their experiences.) At any point in the communication process a barrier can occur. Barriers keep us from understanding others ideas and thoughts. Barriers can appear at any point of the communication loop. There are two types of barriersinternal and external. Examples of internal barriers are fatigue, poor listening skills, attitude toward the sender or the information, lack of interest in the message, fear, mistrust, past experiences, negative attitude, problems at home, lack of common experiences, and emotions. Examples of external barriers include noise, distractions, e-mail not working, bad phone connections, time of day; sender used too many technical words for the audience, and environment. Barriers keep the message from getting through.When communicating, watch out for barriers. Monitor the actions of the receiver.Watch her body language; check to make sure the message the receiver received is the one sentask questions and listen.

Main Point 4. Types of Communication

A. Self-Action or One-Way Communication is focused on getting the message to the receiver. Self-action treats communication as a manipulation of others. It is very message centered. There is no way to know if the meaning is shared between the sender and the receiver. (To demonstrate one-way communication, do the following activity with the class.) Procedure: (Using the attached diagram, ask for a student volunteer from the class to assist in this demonstration about communication.

Explain to the other students that the volunteer is going to describe something to them and their task is to simply follow instructions in sketching out exactly what is described. Take the volunteer outside of the classroom to explain the following directions. Provide the volunteer with the diagram shown. Tell the volunteer to describe the diagram to the rest of the class. However, the volunteer must keep his or her back toward the rest of the class. There can be no eye contact. The volunteer can only use verbal communication to describe the diagram, i.e., no gestures, hand signals, etc. Further, no questions are allowed on the part of the other students. In brief, only one-way communication is allowed. When the activity is completed, show the correct diagram to the students. Have the students show each other their drawings. Students get a laugh at their attempts and how they misunderstood the words they heard. Teacher will indicate that the activity was constructed to prove a point, and only a few students ever come close to drawing the actual diagram. Explain how easy it is for miscommunication to occur.) Discussion Questions: 1. How many of us got confused and just quit listening? Why? 2.Why was the one-way communication so difficult to follow? 3. Even two-way communication cannot ensure complete understanding. How can we make our communication efforts more effective? B. Interaction or Two-Way Communication. This approach recognizes the role of the receiver as a communicator through feedback. It is message centered and is a very simplistic view of the communication process. Feedback allows senders to see if their message got across. C. Transaction. This approach focuses on meaning and sharing by accounting for all other factors in the communication process. It is concerned with the barriers that might affect the communication. Transaction is best described as effective communication. This is when the

communication process is applied and carried out completely. The sender gives a message that is passed on to the receiver. In return, the receiver can give clear feedback that allows the sender to know whether or not the message was perceived as intended. If the message wasnt received as intended, then the sender will continue the communication process again in order to ensure effective communication. Now that you know all three types of communication, we can reflect and evaluate our own communication approaches in different roles and situations. Knowing the three approaches to communication will help us to be aware of our types, when they occur, and how to improve our communication and create clear transactions.

Conclusion
Effective communication is a major part in achieving your educational goals. Effectively communicating with your teachers and peers is essential when it comes to your learning.Many times your instructor is the sender. Her job is to send you messages that include information about the skill you need to learn. Your instructors messages might include lectures or handouts for you. Your peers can also be the senders of a message. Many times learners are asked to work together as a team. You might be asked to work on a specific activity that would require you to receive messages from other team members or an appointed leader. Sometimes you may be asked to be the sender. Remember that communication involves speaking, listening, and observing. Summary: Communication is a two-way process that involves getting your message across and understanding what others have to say. Communication involves active listening, speaking and observing. Now that you have learned the communication process, you can begin to evaluate your communication skills. Begin to watch yourself in action. Each time you communicate observe what you do, how it went, what went well, and what could have been better. Re-Motivation: The ability to effectively communicate is a critical skill. The more you become an effective communicator the more likely you are to achieve what you want. Remember, you can improve your communication skills by observing people who communicate effectively, learning new skills, and

practicing those skills. Acquiring effective communication skills will help you be a better student, parent, family member, worker, and citizen.

Communication process
1. Sender- the sender or the source of the message initiates the communication in an organization the sender will be a person who has some information needs and a pupose for communicating them to other people a manager may be interested in communicating information about an important product for the purpose of motivating other members of the deparment similarly a morker may speak out a reason purpose or desire the sender has no need to send any message

2. encoding_ encoding takes place when the sender translates the information into a series of symbols encoding is necessary because information can be transferred from one oerson to another only through representations or symbols since the aim of encoding is to communicatin message the sender should choose the symbols which are understood by the receiver generally the symbols are in the from of words and gestures the symbols should be understood mutually otherwise there may be misunderstanding or lack of communication

3. message- the message is the physical form into which the sender encodes the information the message may be I n any from that can be experienced or understood by one or more of sense of receiver speech may be heard written words may be read gestures may be seen or felt a touch of the hand may communicate message a wave of the hand can

communicate different message depending on the number of fingers extended non verbal message are very important form of communication since they are often more honest or meaningful than oral or written message

4. channel- the channel is the method of transmission from one person to another it is often inseparable from the message for communication to be effective and efficient the cgannel must be appropriate for the message a phone conversation would be an unsuitable channel for transmitting a complex diagram the need and requirements of the receiver must also be considered in selecting a channel if the message is complicated it shouldbe transmitted in a channel that the receiver may refer it repratedly

5. receiver- the receiver is the person who receives the sender message there may be a large number of receivers it a memo is send to all members of the organisation on the other hand there may be just one receiver if something is discussed privately with a colleague the message must be designed keeping in view the receiver background for example if the engineer is talkingwith a labour he should avoid technical terms there would be no communication if the receiver dose not understand it

6. decoding- decoding is the process by which the receiver translates the message into meaninful informationit is a two step process first the receiver should perceive the message then interpret it decodingis affected by the receiver past experience personal assessment of

symbols and gestures expectations if the receiver decoding matches with sender intention the communicatio n will be more effective

Bibliography

Book
Business Management Business Study

Website
http://www.cls.utk.edu/pdf/ls/Week1_Lesson7.pdf