St.

Paul University Iloilo

St. Paul University System

MODULE in COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING I

Block 2 SY 2022-2023

Subject/Course Code: NCM 104A

Class Schedule:
Instructor/Professor: Marilyn D. Junsay
Email/Contact Number: [email protected]

Course Description: This course deals with the concepts, principles, theories, techniques in
the provision of basic care on terms of health promotion, disease
prevention, restoration, maintenance and rehabilitation at the individual
and family level. It include the study of the Philippine Health Care Delivery
System, national health situation and the global context pf public health.
The learners are expected to provide safe appropriate and holistic nursing
to individual and family as clients in the community setting utilizing the
nursing process

Learner, please be mindful of the Paulinian Essential Elements that you are supposed to develop:

LIFE PERFORMANCE OUTCOMES (LPOs) ESSENTIAL PERFORMANCE ELEMENTS (EPEs)

LPO1. ETHICAL, PAULINIAN LEADERS & EPE1.1 Consistently adhere to acknowledged moral standards of decision making and
PROFESSIONALS behaviour in their personal, professional and organizational affairs;
EPE1.2. Declare and affirm the values and principles of honesty, transparency and fairness
AFFIRMATION in their professional lives and endeavours;
EPE1.3 Launch and sustain initiatives that openly advocate and tangibly uphold the rights
“As a Christ-centered Paulinian, I am a mindful, self and dignity of those seeking redress for injustices committed against them;
directed learner and role model, consciously expressing EPE1.4 Articulate, advocate and exemplify Paulinian ideals and values in their private and
my Faith”. professional lives nurtured by prayer and a deep relationship with God;
EPE1.5 Speak out to expose and redress violations of social and professional norms and
principles whatever the consequences may be.
LPO2. CUTTING-EDGE, RESILIENT VISIONARIES EPE2.1 Anticipate potential social and technological changes and proactively pursue fruitful
AND INNOVATORS ways of responding to them;
who EPE2.2 Gather information on emerging trends in their field and propose novel ways they
could incorporate them into their work;
AFFIRMATION: EPE2.3 Develop ideas for innovations in their field, testing meticulously their feasibility and
“As a Christ- centered Paulinian, I am a courageous, utility
resourceful explorer and problem solver, demonstrating EPE2.4 Look beyond conventional approaches to challenges in their field and identify
my creativity and charism”. creative ways these could be addressed;
EPE2.5 Explain significant setbacks they have experienced in life and the inner resources
and ‘out of the box’ actions taken to address and overcome them.

LPO3. ENGAGING, TRUSTWORTHY TEAM EPE3.1 Invite open, non-judgemental communication

BUILDERS AND MENTORS EPE3.2 Clarify at the outset the substance and intent of all agreements and commitments
who made, making every effort to fulfil them and supporting others to do the same;
EPE3.3 Publicly explain the purpose and potential benefits of all group endeavours, enlisting
AFFIRMATION: explicit agreement and support for them from participants before proceedings

“As a Christ-centered Paulinian, I am credible, EPE3.4 Initiate and develop jointly beneficial projects with colleagues in which plans and
responsive and communicator and team player, building responsibilities are equitably shared, reliably carried out and honestly evaluated by all;
community through active collaboration”. EPE3.5. Openly share relevant insights, observations and expertise with less experienced
colleagues, offering guidance and support when requested.
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St. Paul University System

EPE4.1 Continuously set and diligently pursue high performance standards and
LPO4 RELIABLE, PRODUCTIVE EXPERTS & improvement goals for themselves and for their organization;
IMPLEMENTERS EPE4.2 Accurately describe the knowledge and skills that adept career professionals in their
field consistently demonstrate, and evaluate whether theirs compare favourably;
Who EPE4.3 Devote significant time and effort to upgrading their competencies, the quality of
their work, and its tangible benefits to their colleagues and clients;
AFFIRMATION: EPE4.4 Accomplish projects and related work that meet or exceed quality standards within
agreed-upon timelines and resource limits
“As a Christ-centered Paulinian, I am conscientious, EPE5.5 Develop and regularly update a performance portfolio of their advancements in
adept performer and achiever, competently knowledge, techniques, and tangible accomplishments.
implementing my mission in life”.

EPE 5.1 Promote and actively participate in initiatives that benefit and directly support the
LPO.5 DEDICATED, TRANSFORMATIVE right of all creatures to exist and flourish;
SUPPORTERS & STEWARDS OF ALL CREATION EPE5.2 Devise programs and strategies that shift the momentum of society toward
consciously preserving and improving the viability of our planet’s eco-and social support
Who systems;
AFFIRMATION: EPE5.3 Devote their time, talents and resources to improving and maintaining the well-being
and health of peoples, especially the less privileged and underserved;
“As a Christ-centered Paulinian, I am a caring, EPE5.4 Mobilize others in advocating and implementing public policies and programs that
committed advocate for peace and universal well-being, foster peace, justice, solidarity and respect for life and cultures;
impelled by compassion and charity for all”. EPE5.5 Act decisively to inform others of ways they can tangibly reduce environmental
pollution and improve the quality of life in their local and larger communities.

As a Paulinian nursing student, you are also expected to exhibit the BSN Program Outcomes

Particularly to provide safe, evidence based appropriate and holistic care to individuals, families, population groups
and community utilizing nursing process in the delivery of care to clients and in accordance with existing laws, legal,
ethical and moral principles for safe nursing practice
(Please find the 14 Nursing Program Outcomes ( PO) in the course outline/syllabus)

Block 2
Topic: Vital Statistics
Hours: 2 hours
Learning 1.Explain health situations and vital statistics of the country and how it is affected by the varied determinants
Outcomes: of health

2.Apply statistical computations to selected hypothetical data

Learning
Activities
15 minutes Ask your parents the following:
1. How you were registered after birth?
2. Who registered your birth?
3. What office handles the registration of birth?
4. Where did you get your security papers of birth registration?

Explore
 St. Paul University Iloilo
St. Paul University System

1.5 hrs
Content

Statistics refers to the systematic approach of obtaining, organizing, and

Explain
analyzing numerical facts so that conclusions m ay be drawn from them

Vital Statistics- refers to the systematic study of vital events, such as births,
illnesses, marriages, divorces and deaths
Common Health Indicators (Births, Deaths, Marriages, Migration, Fertility.
Mortality, Morbidity

Importance or uses of Vital Statistics:

➢ Index of the health condition of the people in the community
➢ Valuable clues to the nature of health services or actions needed
➢ Serves as basis for determining the success or failures of health services
➢ Basis for planning, implementation and evaluation of health programs

Sources of data
RA. 3753 – Civil Registry Law.
➢ Law on the registry of civil status
PD 651
➢ Requires all health workers to register births within 30 days following
delivery
➢ Requires the registration of births and deaths in the Philippines within 30
days
➢ Deaths should be reported within 48 hours and be registered in the Local
Civil Registrar (LCR) within 30 days

Demography- Study of human population such as composition structure of the

population
➢ Distribution of the population
➢ Size – affected by births, deaths migration

Census is the official and periodic enumeration of the population

➢ De jure - when the people are assigned to the place where they usually
live regardless of where they are at the time of the census

➢ De facto - the people are assigned to the place where they are physically
present at the time of the census regardless of their usual place of
residence
 St. Paul University Iloilo
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Ratio - Describes the relationships between two numerical quantities or

measures or events without taking considerations to time and place

Proportion - Type of ratio that that includes the quantity in the numerator as part
of the
denominator. It is the relationship of part to the whole
Rate:
- Shows the relationship between the vital events and those persons exposed to
show the occurrence of the said events within the given area and during the
specified period of time
-It is a proportion that includes the factor of time. It is the measure of the
quantity of health problems in a specific population within a given period.

number of conditions
Rate = period of time X K
population at risk
during same period of time

K ( base multiple by 10) 10, 100, 1000, 100,000

Crude/General rate - refers to the total living population. It must be presumed

that the total population was exposed to the risks of occurrence of the events

Specific Rate
➢ Shows the relationship for a specific population, class or group.
➢ It limits the occurrence of the events to the proportion of the population
definitely exposed to it

SR = no. of persons experiencing the condition X K ( 100, 1000,

10,000, 100,000)
Population at risk

Crude Birth Rate (CBR) It is the measure of one of the characteristics of the
natural growth or increase of the population

CBR = Total number of livebirth X 1000

Estimated midyear population

Midyear population – population as of July of the calendar year

 St. Paul University Iloilo
St. Paul University System

Crude Death Rate - It is the measure of one mortality from all causes which may
result in decrease of population

CDR = total number of deaths in a calendar year X 1000

Estimated mid-year population
in the same calendar year

Infant Mortality Rate

➢ Measures the risk of dying during the first year of life
➢ It is an index used to assess the general health conditions of the
community since it reflects the changes in the environment and medical
condition of the community

IMR = total no. of deaths under 1

year in a given calendar year X 1000
total no. of registered
live births in the same year
Maternal Mortality rate (MMR)
➢ Measures the risks of dying from causes related to pregnancy, and
puerperium
➢ It is an index of the obstetrical data needed and received by women

MMR = total no of deaths from maternal

causes in a given calendar year X 1,000
Total no. of live births
on the same calendar year

Neonatal mortality rate ( NMR)

➢ Measures the risk of dying during the first months of life
➢ It serves as an index of the effects of prenatal care and obstetrical
management of the newborn

NMR = total no. of deaths under 28 days

old in a given calendar year X 1,000
total no. of births registered
in the same calendar year
 St. Paul University Iloilo
St. Paul University System

Fetal Death Rate ( FDR)

➢ Measures pregnancy wastage
➢ Death of the product of conception occur prior to its complete expulsion

FDR = Total no. of fetal deaths X 1000

total no. of live births
in the same year

Specific Mortality Rate (SMR)

no. of deaths in a
SMR = specified age group X 1, 000 (100,000)
Midyear pop. of the
same age group

Swaroop’s Index (SI)

total no. of deaths among
SI = 5 0 years and above X 100
Total deaths
Case fatality ratio or rate (CFR) - Index of the killing power of the disease

Case Fatality Rate (CFR) = no. of deaths of a particular disease / total number of
registered cases of the same disease x 100

CFR = deaths from a particular disease X 100

No. of cases of the same disease

Incidence Rate - number of persons in a population who develop the condition

during a
specified period of time
➢ Total number of new cases of a disease

IR = no. of new cases of the disease X100

estimated population

Prevalence Rate (PR)

The total number of persons (both old and new ) in a population who develop the
condition during a specified period of time.

PR = No of old and new cases of a disease X 100

Total population on the same period
 St. Paul University Iloilo
St. Paul University System

Attack Rate (AR). It is the proportion of people who become ill after exposure to
an event as compared to population at risk of the illness
Number of persons acquiring the
AR = disease in a given calendar year X 100
Number of persons exposed to the same
disease in the same year

Presentation of data

1. Line graph - Shows trend data

2. Bar graph
➢ Comparison of absolute or relative counts for discontinuous data
➢ Using rectangle bars horizontally or vertically

3. Histogram
➢ Graphic distribution of measurement of continuous variables.
➢ The graph showing no space in between the next bar

4. Frequency Polygon
➢ Line graph and histogram combined for continuous variables
➢ Using dots with histogram / line graph

5. Pie Graph - Shows the relative importance of parts to the whole

6. Correlational diagram
➢ The scatter diagram graphs pairs of numerical data, with one variable on
each axis, to look for a relationship between them.
➢ If the variables are correlated, the points will fall along a line or curve.
The better the correlation, the tighter the points will hug the line.

(Find the following images of graphs)

Line graph
https://www.google.com/search?q=line+graph+++in+types+of+diseases&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKE
wi5jcGo_IDsAhXIEKYKHRxVDd8Q2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=line+graph+++in+types+of+diseases&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQA1CFlwVY8NoFYP7sBW
gAcAB4AIABAIgBAJIBAJgBAKABAaoBC2d3cy13aXotaW1nwAEB&sclient=img&ei=vCJsX7m_PMihm
AWcqrX4DQ Retrieved Oct 10, 2022
 St. Paul University Iloilo
St. Paul University System

Bar graph and histogram ( Histogram looks like bars are continuous, no space in
between)
https://www.google.com/search?q=Bar+graph+in+types+of+diseases&source=lnms&tbm=isch&s
a=X&ved=2ahUKEwjUzvOZ-YDsAhXFLqYKHawuCNQQ_AUoAXoECA0QAw#imgrc=Z3D3Ewxfctjv5M
Retrieved October 10, 2022

Histogram
https://www.google.com/search?q=histogram+in+types+of+diseases&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiU
vKac-YDsAhVbyIsBHe2sCNcQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=histogram+in+types+of+diseases&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQA1DR2gpYnLcLYPHKC2gAc
AB4AIABAIgBAJIBAJgBBKABAaoBC2d3cy13aXotaW1nwAEB&sclient=img&ei=fh9sX5SFBduQr7wP7
dmiuA0

Pie graph
https://www.google.com/search?q=pie+graph+in+types+of+diseases&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwj
Mr76Z-oDsAhV0xYsBHYmoAHAQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=pie+graph+in+types+of+diseases&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQA1AAWABg8jxoAHAAeAC
AAQCIAQCSAQCYAQCqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZw&sclient=img&ei=hCBsX8zdJfSKr7wPidGCgAc
Retrieved October 10, 2022

Frequency polygon
https://www.google.com/search?q=frequency+polygon++in+types+of+diseases&
tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjMr76Z-oDsAhV0xYsBHYmoAHAQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=frequency+polygon++in+types+of+diseases&gs_lcp=CgNpbWc
QA1C8c1i6kwJg4KQCaABwAHgDgAGBIIgBu4cBkgEPMy0xLjEuMi4xLjEuMi4zmAEA
oAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWfAAQE&sclient=img&ei=hCBsX8zdJfSKr7wPidGCgAc
Retrieved October 10, 2022

Scatter point diagram

https://www.google.com/search?q=scatter+point++diagram++in+types+of+disea
ses&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwj7g9D7-4DsAhVG15QKHRMsCEQQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=scatter+point++diagram++in+types+of+diseases&gs_lcp=CgNpb
WcQA1DYuQRYp5kFYL2kBWgAcAB4AoAB0xaIAf4_kgEHNC0xLjktM5gBAKABAaoB
C2d3cy13aXotaW1nwAEB&sclient=img&ei=XiJsX_vcNMau0wST2KCgBA
Retrieved October 10, 2022

15minutes Moving

Practice /drills
Barangay x has a total has a total population of 10, 200 as of July 2018 Other data are the
following:
Elaborate
Total births – 900
Total reg. live births – 800
Total deaths – 60
Maternal deaths - 25
Reported TB cases is 120
 St. Paul University Iloilo
St. Paul University System

Deaths from TB – 20
Yearly average. cases of Typhoid fever (TY) = 40
Recently this year there were only 250 cases of TY / week and of which 10 died .This may be due to
last year Cholera Typhoid Para A (CTPA) immunization.

1. What is the crude death rate of the place?

2.Compute for the CBR
3. Specific death rate from TB per 1000 population
4. How about MMR per 1000 population
5.What is the incidence rate of typhoid fever

Memorize and understand the formula.

Expanded
Learning
Opportunities
:
Assessment Quiz for CS and lecture component will be given
Tasks
Statistical computations on selected hypothetical data
Calculator will be allowed during the quiz for computations
Resources/ Department of Health( 2007) Public Health Nursing in the Philippines19th ed. 2007 ( No
References: updated edition )

Maglaya , A. ; Earnshaw R.; Lao-Nario M.B. ; Maglaya, C. ; Dones, L. , Rabuco, L. et. Al (2009 )
Nursing in the Community. Argonauta Corp. Phil. 5th ed

Web-searched resources
Department of Health. https://doh.gov.ph/Statistics/Leading-Causes-of-Mortalityy Retrieved
October 4, 2022

PhilippinesDemographicshttps://www.worldometers.info/demographics/philippines-
demographics/ Retrieved October 4 , 2022

PSA. Causes of Deaths in the Philippines

https://psa.gov.ph/content/2022-causes-deaths-philippines-preliminary-31-march-2022
Retrieved October 8, 2022

Prepared by:

MARILYN D. JUNSAY
CON FACULTY